Animal cells are the basic

Animal unit of life in organisms of

the kingdom Animalia. They
are eukaryotic cells,
meaning that they have a
cell true nucleus and specialized
structures called organelles
that carry out different
functions. Animal cells do
not have cell walls or
chloroplasts,
Bacteria are single-
the organelle that carries
celled
Bacteria
out photosynthesis.
microorganisms with
prokaryotic cells.
Bacteria are
extremely numerous,
and the total biomass
of bacteria on Earth is
more than all plants
 The Calvin cycle is

Calvin the cycle of

chemical reactions
cycle performed by
plants to “fix”
carbon from

Deoxyribose is CO2
the into three-
five-carbon carbon sugars.
sugar molecule that
deoxyribos
helps form the
phosphate backbone e
of DNA molecules.
Each nucleic acid is
composed of a
 The endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) is a

Endoplasm large organelle made of

membranous sheets and

ic tubules that begin near the

nucleus and extend across

reticulum the cell. The endoplasmic

reticulum creates,
packages, and secretes
many of the products
created by a cell.
A flagellum is a microscopic
Ribosomes, which create
hair-like organelle used by
proteins, line a portion of
cells and microorganisms
the endoplasmic reticulum.

flagellu
for movement. The
word flagellum in Latin
means whip, just like the
whipping
(plural)
motion
often
flagella
use for
m
locomotion. Specialized
flagella in some organisms
are also used as sensory
 Gametes
are haploid reprodu
gametes ctive cells in
sexually
reproducing
organisms that
fuse with one
another
A heterotroph is during fertilization.
an organism that cannot
manufacture its own food
by carbon fixation and heterotroph
therefore derives its intake
of nutrition from other
sources of organic
carbon, mainly plant or
animal matter. In the food
chain, heterotrophs are
secondary and tertiary
 Interphase is the
longest stage in the
eukaryote cell cycle.
interphase During interphase,
the cell acquires
nutrients, creates
and uses proteins
and other
molecules, and
starts the process of
cell division by
replicating the DNA.
Junk DNA is the
term for stretches
of DNA that have
Junk
no immediately
obvious dna
structural,
maintenance, or
coding function.
 Ketone bodies, or
simply ketones are
keton substances
produced by the
liver during
e gluconeogenesis, a
process which
creates glucose in
times of fasting and
Lactase is anstarvation.
enzyme found in
the mammalian
lactase
small intestine
that digests
lactose, which is
a sugar found in
milk.
 Methanol,
sometimes called
methanol “wood alcohol,” is a
clear liquid with the
chemical formula
CH3OH. It is clear
liquid with polar
properties, making it
a good solvent. It is
also highly
flammable, and
Nephrology is a highly toxic to
subfield of humans if ingested.
medical science nephrology
dealing with the
kidneys; it
involves diseases
of the kidneys and
the study of
 Organelle is
organell any of a
number of
e organized or
specialized
structures
within a living
Plasmid is cell.
a
genetic
plasmid
structure in a
cell that can
replicate
independently
of the
 Quark is any of a
number of
quark subatomic
particles carrying a
fractional electric
charge, postulated
as building blocks
of the hadrons.

Ribosome is a
minute particle
consisting
RNA
of
and
ribosome
associated
proteins found s
in large
numbers in the
 Sister Chromatids
Sister refers to the
identical copies
chromatid (chromatids)
formed by the DNA
s replication of a
chromosome, with
both copies joined
together by a
common
Telophase is the
centromere
final phase of
cell division,
between telophase
anaphase and
interphase, in
which the
chromatids or
chromosomes
 The uterus,
otherwise known as
the womb, is the
uterus female sex organ
that carries a huge
significance in many
species’ survival –
ours included. It is
the site of
nourishment for the
growing baby,
making it one of the
A virus is a chain of
nucleic acids (DNA most important
or RNA) which lives
virus
reproductive organs
in the female body.
in a host cell, uses
parts of the cellular
machinery to
reproduce, and
releases the
replicated nucleic
 White blood cells
White are the cells of the
immune system

blood that are involved in

protecting the body
against both
cell infectious disease
and foreign
The invaders.
X
chromosome is
one of the two sex- x
determining
chromosomes chromosome
(allosomes) in
s
many organisms,
including mammals
(the other is the Y
 The Y chromosome is
one of two sex
chromosomes
y (allosomes) in
mammals, including
chromosomes humans, and many
other animals. The other
is the X chromosome. Y
is normally the sex-
determining
chromosome in many
species, since it is the
is a eukaryotic cell presence or absence of
formed by Ya that typically
fertilization event
between zygote
determines the male or
female sex of offspring
two
gametes. Theproduced in sexual
zygote's genome is reproduction.
a combination of the
DNA in each
gamete, and
contains all of the
 Submitted to:
Joel
Peñaflorida

Submitted by:
Mantoya,
Dawn
Columbres,
Angel
Zurita, Jamie
 Submitted to:
Joel
Peñaflorida

Submitted by:
Mantoya,
Dawn
Columbres,
Angel
Zurita, Jamie