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India betting on
Warehousing
Boom
Upamanyu Borah
A bstract
Asia and India in particular, stands out
as areas where warehousing foresees
enormous potential for growth. In fact,
Asia represents one-third of global
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and is According to ‘India Industrial and
expected to account for two-thirds of
The growth prospects Logistics Market View, H2 2018’, by
global growth over the next five years. for Warehousing is so CBRE South Asia Pvt Ltd, the overall
Real GDP growth over the last two years favourable, that as per space take-up in the logistics and ware-
has averaged 7 percent, the highest rate housing sector crossed 24 mn sq ft in
among the largest economies in the recent reports 2018 – an all-time high. Recording a
world. significant investments growth rate of more than 40 per cent
are being made in the compared to 2017, the report said that
In India, bold structural reforms, implementation of GST led to far reach-
such as implementation of the Goods tune of US$ 8 to 9 billion, ing implications on industries, more so
and Services Tax (GST), other govern- for creation of in the warehousing and logistics sector.
ment policies, setting up of a new Logis- Overall in 2018, Mumbai, followed by
tics Division have improved processes.
warehousing facilities NCR, Bangalore and Chennai domi-
Enormous growth in the E-commerce across the country over nated leasing, accounting for more than
segment is adding to the development in the next two years. 70 per cent of the space take-up. The
logistics and warehousing sector. second half of 2018 witnessed robust
leasing activity with about 14.3 mn sq ft
The very first headway made, was of space take up, a 46 per cent increase
around the government’s decision to ports significant investments are being on a half-yearly basis. Mumbai domi-
give logistics and warehousing sectors made in the tune of US$ 8 to 9 billion, for nated leasing activity with a share of
infrastructure status in 2017. This great- creation of warehousing facilities across about 21 per cent, followed by Delhi-
ly gives a much needed fillip to this the country over the next two years. This NCR (20 per cent) and Chennai (16 per
marginalised sector, thereby spawning in turn would result in creation of over cent). Greenfield projects or new devel-
interest from some of the biggest play- 20,000 jobs at different levels of specifica- opments attracted more than two-third
ers who are keenly looking to invest in tion and specialisation. of these investments followed by 27 per
it. Many of them looking to invest over cent for acquisition of complete projects.
2 billion US$ into creating mega ware- From the developer’s point of view
housing spaces in India, as the ware- the sector seems promising, as very Private equity and venture capital
housing sector gears up for transition- little adjustments to the physical struc- firm’s interest in warehousing space is
ing through a revolutionary phase. ture are needed to transform a ware- also brisk as indicated by a five-fold
house to a manufacturing space. Hence, jump in investments in the segment.
Besides, there are many factors, at developers are increasingly moving Warehousing is attracting foreign play-
the micro and macro-economic level that ahead with speculative spaces to cater ers and there have been multiple initia-
are coming to play, making warehous- for either need. Also, an interesting tives associated with large investments
ing an attractive proposition for inves- trend that is being witnessed in this within this segment, clearly underscor-
tors looking to leverage the significant space is that - Ecosystems are being ing the upcoming trend. With many
tailwinds witnessed around it. In fact, built around warehouse and the likes, players investing, there could be high-
the growth prospects for warehousing i.e. residential, hotel, exhibition centre er supply and the rent escalation will
is so favourable, that as per recent re- etc. so that goods can be displayed. be critical.
How
grade a and b warehouses:
how supply increased
in top 8 cities Post-GST
Warehousing
Warehouse space (mn sq ft)
297
pre-GST 246.5
204
is changing
170.3
139.8
85.7 98 113
Source: JLL
Warehouse consolidation,
from multiple facilities to a
few large centres
Automation and
smart warehousing Source: Knight Frank
solutions in
operations
overall
Yogesh Shevade
Senior Director,
Head – Industrial
Transaction, JLL
advantage. Gurgaon NH-8 of NCR re- anytime soon. According to industry Shevade expresses, “Policy interven-
gion; Bhiwandi of Mumbai; Chankan watchers, it could take nearly two years tion both from central/state front is an-
and Telegaon of Pune; Haskote of Ban- for the market to be flooded with enough other driver to push investment attrac-
galore; Irrungattukottai, Poonamalle ‘Grade A’ and ‘Grade B’ stock, the indus- tion for investors. GST, Real Estate In-
and Sriperumbudur of Chennai; NH-6 try’s lingo for better warehouses. vestment Trust (REIT), Electronic Way
of Kolkata; and Changodar and Bhayla Bill (E-way bill) and Automated Toll fa-
of Ahmedabad are the few key clusters According to Dharia, “Industrial cility are the major pillars towards sus-
having investor’s interest and high real estate segment in India has largely tainable investment into the sector.”
growth potential.” been unorganised and lead to formation
of informal clusters around larger Gov- “The upcoming Industrial Policy,
“Apart from top cities, growing de- ernment industrial parks or at vantage Aviation Cargo Policy, dedicated and
mand observed for warehousing space locations in the erstwhile tax regime to focused team for the country’s logistic
from tier II cities like Coimbatore, Gu- optimise local levies such as Octroi.” requirements would help to build inves-
wahati, Lucknow, Jaipur and Ludhiana. Dharia adds, “Demand has now shifted tor’s confidence. Various government
With E-commerce players expanding to strategic locations with good infra- measures have been taken up to
promote investments in the field of initiative, which aims at providing Rajesh Jaggi
warehousing by modifying policies in integrated logistics network, in- Managing Partner,
order to ease land acquisition and also cludes dedicated freight corridors Real Estate,
make land available for logistics under spread across 15 states for faster Everstone Group
the newly formed logistics policies of movement of freight and develop-
Indian economy will need an efficient and fairly
various states; monetisation plan ment of 35 logistics parks to cut vast network of warehouses and logistics
through unlocking various government transportation costs and enable facilities. Being the market leader in Grade A
lands, like those belonging to port, rail- swifter movement.” warehouses, we are very positive about the
ways and highway authorities, through sector. IndoSpace has taken its total commitment
independent implementing agencies,” According to Chadha, “The to India to well above US$ 3.2 billion and we plan
says Shevade. government has implemented to build a pipeline of 120 million sq ft of modern
several key policy measures logistics infrastructure to support the growth and
modernisation of India’s supply chain.
Singh expresses that the key initia- which have oiled the indus-
tives by the government to reshape the trial and warehousing asset
industry include the single uniform tax, class towards momentum
which has reduced price differences and on a growth trajectory. GST for one, ongoing exercise and we are confident
between states and tax liabilities across has not only made One-Nation, One-Tax that the improving business environ-
India. Sigh says, “The new structure has dream possible, it has catapulted the sector ment will add further momentum to the
provided an advantage to companies as towards greater consolidation and en- investments and new capacity develop-
they can now make their decisions on hanced throughput. The scale to minimise ments across sectors,” explains Dharia.
supply chain management freely and costs and to enhance profits is now avail-
solely based on operational efficiency. able. Similarly, industry status to the logis- Role of Technology
Further, the GST system, through its tics sector has made possible the smooth
provision of the E-way bill has brought inflow of foreign institutional money. Ease Warehouses are not just about storage
down check-posts at state borders, en- to access in money allows superior state- anymore. They function as fulfilment
abling faster and seamless movement of of-the-art facilities in line with the global centres, distribution centres, return
goods between states.” standards.” centres, and at times as showrooms.
Supply chain processes are under im-
Further, Singh adds, “Another critical Dharia believes that the Make in mense pressure to efficiently and ef-
India initiative has set the direction for fectively meet the growing demand
attracting large scale manufacturing for within a stipulated time and cost. If the
catering to the Indian market. “The fo- right product does not reach the right
cus has been on both, import substitu- customer within the prescribed time
tion as can be seen for mobile phones, then the company not just loses busi-
but also for increasing the capacity in ness but also reputation. As a result,
existing domains such as FMCG, auto- warehouse floors are always under high
mobiles, pharmaceuticals, etc. Backend pressure. It is therefore imperative to
changes in the processes have also led to improvise on functional, technological
overall increase in ‘Ease of Doing Busi- as well as warehouse development as-
ness’ rankings for India, which has pects to efficiently handle these addi-
boosted investor’s confidence. It is an tional functions.
Akhil Saxena
Vice President, Sushil Rathi
Asia Operations, COO, Mahindra
Amazon.in Logistics Ltd
Lot of optimisation will happen in labour because New trends are shaping the 3PL sector. The
larger warehouses can use more automation. industry is moving towards technology led
It would reduce manpower requirements innovations, which is resulting in better visibility
significantly going forward. A one lakh sq and transparency. It is also moving from a cost
ft warehouse now would have around 200- plus model to a variable pricing model. Today,
250 people. The number can vary depending customers are increasingly looking at end-to-
on the type of goods being handled. Even end offerings from warehousing, to secondary
partial automation can bring down manpower distribution.
requirements by 20-25 per cent.