Sports Injuries Solemnity of the Epiphany of the Lord

- Injuries are damaged tissues or Epiphany

organs which occur when it
encounters physical force that is - Manifestation
greater than what it can resist or - Greek: “to show/ to display”
absorb. (phainein) and “on, to” (epi-)
- A time when something is shown
Structure Functions
Ligaments Stabilize joints or manifested to an audience
Tendons Attaches muscles to
bones Dogma
Muscles Create movements
Bones Anchor for muscles - Mother of God – Theotokos
Joints Fulcrum for Theo (God), tokos (bearer)
movement - Perpetual Virginity
- Immaculate Concepcion
Sprain – An over-stretched ligament - Assumption

Fracture – Breaks in the continuity of the Sola Fide

bones
- “faith alone”
Dislocation – Are bones that are pushed out - We are saved through faith alone.
from their joint
Sola Scriptura
Strain – twist, pull, or tear of muscle or
tendon - “Scripture alone”
- The Bible alone is our highest
Concussion – life threatening injuries
authority.
because they disrupt the normal function of
the brain King Herod the Great – B.C
Factors King Herod of Antipas – A.C
Age
Technique Bethlehem of Judea – birthplace of Jesus
Fitness Level
Equipment and Environmental Aspects 3 Major Manifestations:
Proper Attire
Proper Technique 1. Visitation of wise men
Gym Etiquette
2. Baptism in the Jordan river
Environmental Conditions
Adequate Recovery 3. Wedding feasts in Cana
Offers:
- Gold (honouring his divine
kingship)
- Frankincense (symbolizing his
priestly mission)
- Myrrh (ointment for burial,
foreshadows death)
Pueblo Amante de Maria – title given to
the Philippines; “The country so much in
love with Mary”
3 Magi:
- Balthazar
- Gaspar
- Melchior
God’s Revelation in Sacred Scriptures
God reveals himself in:
- Creation/Natural signs
- Scripture/Biblical signs
- Church/Liturgical and Ecclesial
signs
- Other religions
Creation/Natural signs
- The world and everything around
us
Scriptures/Biblical signs
- God’s entering into a special
covenant relationship with His
chosen people
Church/Liturgical and Ecclesial signs
- By the Holy Spirit, the good news
will be proclaimed to the ends of
the Earth
- Liturgical – we encounter the
risen Christ in the sacraments
- Ecclesial – proclamation of the
creed and in his moral teachings
and commitment to service
Other religions
- Non-Christians
- Seeking God with a sincere heart,
and, moved by grace.
- Try in their actions to do His will
as they know it through the
dictates of their conscience
Where to find God’s revelation:
- Sacred Tradition
- Sacred Scripture
Our response to his revelations:
- Faith – “One who has faith continues
to know, love, and trust in God.”
Sacred Scripture
Living Word of God
- God is communicating to us
personally, whatever time and
situation.
- The Holy Spirit’s work touches
both the proclaimers and the
hearers.
Divine Inspiration
- The human authors of the Bible set
down faithfully and without error
the truth God wished to convey for
our salvation
 - The human author (preservation) Genesis
and the Divine Author (purity) Exodus
worked together. Leviticus
Numbers
How the sacred scripture develop to its Deuteronomy
present form:

- Human experience The Historical Books

- Oral stage
Joshua Ezra
- Written stage
Judges Nehemiah
How the sacred scripture divided: Ruth Tobit
1st and 2nd Kings Judith
Old Testament 1st and 2nd Samuel Esther
1st and 2nd 1st and 2nd
- Narrates the story between God Chronicles Macabees
and His people before Jesus Christ.
- 46 books
The Wisdom Books
- The story of man’s need for
salvation. - Written by different people in
- The story of God’s initiative in order to deal with their concerns
bringing all to salvation. and problems in life.
- Answers their questions on the
New Testament
origin of life, search for happiness,
- Narrates the story between God or human conduct.
and the people established by
Job
Jesus Christ. Psalms
- 27 books Proverbs
- It contains the fullness of God’s Ecclesiastes
revelation that was brought to us Song of Songs
by Jesus Christ. The Wisdom of Solomon
- It records the person and mission Sirach
of God the Son sent by God the
Father in the Holy Spirit. Prophetic Books
Books in the Old Testament - Written by the prophets who were
The Pentateuch chosen by God to speak on the
people on His behalf
- Term applied to the first five books
of the Bible
- Hebrew: “to guide/to teach”
Major Prophets Romans Titus
1 and 2 Corinthians 1 and 2
Isaiah Thessalonians
Jeremiah Galatians Philemon
Lamentations Ephesians Letters to the
Baruch Hebrews
Ezekiel Philippians
Daniel Colossians
1 and 2 Timothy

Minor Prophets
The Catholic Letters
Hosea Nahum
Joel Habakkuk - The apostles who wrote these
Amos Zephaniah were not sent to any particular
Obadiah Haggai community and their message was
Jonah Zechariah
more universal.
Micah Malachi
James
1 and 2 Peter
New Testament Books
1, 2, and 3 John
- Apostolic witness and Jude
interpretation of the words and
deeds of Jesus Christ.
The Apocalypse/Revelation
Matthew
- Records the ultimate victory of the
Mark
Kingdom of God.
Luke
John - To console the early Christians at a
time of persecution.
- Written by St. John
Acts of the Apostles

- Contains an account of the

missionary activity and growth of
the early Church.
- Written by St. Luke

Letters of Paul/Pauline Letters/New

Testament Letters

- Written by Paul Himself or by his

disciples to some of the early
Christian Churches.
 Reginald Scot
Pa g sul a t sa - Panahon ng Renaissance ng Ingles
- Nakabuo ng mga teknikal na
Fil ipino manwal para sa paghahalaman na
nakatulong sa marami upang
Kasaysayan ng Komunikasyong
malaman ang proseso.
Teknikal
Blogs Grant at Siyentipikong
Komunikasyong Teknikal proposal sarbey
- Ito ay nararapat na tiyak, malinaw, Papel katalog Polyeto Website
Handbook Materyal Ebalwasyon
at maikli (Martinez, et al. 2011)
para sa
- Nakapokus sa pasulat at pasalitang presentasyon
diskurso Dokumentong User manual Procedure
- Audio, ppt slides, multimedia pampagsasanay manual
- May tiyak na manonood, layunin,
estilo, pormat, sitwasyon, Ginabayang Ulat
reperensiya
nilalaman, at gamit na siyang
pangunahin elemento.
- Applied na uri ng komunikasyon Mga Elemento:
- Para sa mga nangangailangan ng
paglunas sa isang suliranin 1. Awdiyens – tagatanggap ng
mensahe
Sulating Teknikal 2. Layunin – bakit kinakailangang
maganap ang pagdadala ng
- Nagtataglay ng mataas na antas ng
mensahe
kasanayan mula sa isang disiplina
3. Estilo – tono, boses, pananaw at
- Nagmula sa mga Sumerian
iba pang paraan kung paano
Sextus Julius Frontinus maipapadala ang mensahe
4. Pormat – ginabayang estruktura
- Awtor ng mensaheng ipadadala
- Sumulat ng isang manwal para sa
gusali at paraan ng pagpapanatili Mga Katangian:
nito noong A.D 97
1. Oryentasyong nakabatay sa
Pliny the Elder awdiyens
- Ang mensahe ay kinakailangang
- Administrador at sundalong mula sa pananaw ng awdiyens at
Romano hindi sa manunulat
- Naisulat ang “The Natural
History”, isang kalipunan ng mga
natural at siyentipikong kaalaman
 2. Nakapokus sa subject
- Binibigyang pansin ang
pangunahing paksa ng usapan
dahil dito ibinabatay ang lahat ng
impormasyong sangkot sa
pagtalakay.
3. Kumakatawan sa manunulat
- Kung ano at sino ang sumulat
- Tinatawag din itong branding na
nagsisilbing identipikasyon
4. Kolaborasyon
- Nagsasama-sama ang iba’t ibang
indibidwal na mag magkakaibang
kasanayan sa pagbuo ng
komunikasyong inaasahan.
Mga Susing Patnubay sa
Komunikasyong Teknikal sa
Modernong Panahon:
- Interaktibo at Angkop
- Pokus sa Mambabasa
- Nakabatay sa Kolektibong Gawain
- Biswal
- Etika, Legal, at Politikal na
Katanggap-tanggap
- Pandaigdigan at Tawid-kultural
Baybayin
Pagsulat ng Sintesis at Buod
Kahulugan ng Buod
- Mas maikli sa orihinal ngunit
naglalaman ng kabuuang isipan ng
orihinal na teksto
- Paglalahad ng mga natutuhang
impormasyong nakuha sa teksto
gamit ang sariling salita
Kahingian ng Buod:
- Swales at Feat (1994)
- Tumatalakay sa kabuuan ng
orihinal na teksto
- Naisulat sa pamamaraang nyutral
o walang kinikilingan
- Pinaiksing beryson ng orihinal at
naisulat ito sa sariling pananalita
ng gumawa
Katangian ng isang mahusay na Buod:
1. May obhetibong balangkas ng
orihinal na teksto
2. Hindi nagbibigay ng sariling ideya
3. Hindi nagsasama-sama ng mga
impormasyong wala sa orihinal na
teksto
4. Gumagamit ng mga susing salita
5. Gumagamit ng sariling pananalita
Mga Hakbangin sa Pagbubuod:
1. Salungguhitan ang mga
mahahalagang punto at detalye
2. Ilista ang paliwanag sa bawat
ideya
3. Ayusin ang pagkasunod-sunod
4. Gumamit ng apelyido ng awtor o
manunulat
5. Isulat ang buod
Kahulugan ng Sintesis
- Pagsasama ng dalawa o higit pang
buod upang makagawa ng
koneksyon
- Griyego: “syntithenai”
syn – kasama, magkasama
tithenai – ilagay, sama-samang
ilagay
Dalawang Anyo:
Explanatory Synthesis
- Tulungan ang nagbabasa o
nakikinig na lalong maunawaan
ang mga tinatalakay
Argumentative Synthesis
- Maipresenta ng manunulat ang
sariling pananaw na suportado ng
mga makatotohanang detalye mula
sa sulatin
Mga Uri at Katangin ng Mahusay na
Sintesis:
Katangian ng Sintesis
- Organisado ayon sa sunod-sunod
na pangyayari sa kwento
Mga Uri ng Sintesis:
Background Synthesis
- Pagsama-samahin ang mga
impormasyon ukol sa isang paksa
at karaniwang inaayos sa tema at
hindi sa sanggunian
Thesis-Driven Synthesis
- Malinaw na pag-uugnay ng mga
punto sa tesis ng sulatin
Synthesis for Literature
- Pagbabaliktanaw o pagrebyu sa
mga naisulat ng literature ukol sa
paksa
- Isinasaayos batay sa sanggunian
ngunit maari rin naman batay sa
paksa
Mga Hakbang sa Pagsulat ng Sintesis:
1. Linawin ang layunin
2. Pumili ng maayos na sanggunian
batay sa layunin at basahin
3. Buuin ang tesis na sulatin
4. Bumuo ng plano sa organisasyon
ng sulatin
5. Isulat ang unang burador
6. Ilista ang mga sanggunian
7. Rebisahin ang sintesis
8. Isulat ang pinal na sintesis
Pagsulat ng Abstrak
- Ginagamit sa pagsulat ng mga
akademikong papel tulad ng tesis,
lektyur, at mga report
- Siksik na bersyon ng mismong
papel
- Maikling buod ng artikulo, ulat, at
akdang akademiko inilalagay bago
ng introduksyon
- Philip Koopman (1997)
- Mahahalagang element tulad ng
introduksiyon, kaugnay na
literature, metodolohiya, resulta at
konklusyon.
Bakit kailangan ng Abstrak:
- Para sa mga mambabasa na
malaman agad kung ang babasahin
ay mag-kaugnay sa pinag-aaralan
2 Uri ng Abstrak:
Deskriptibong Abstrak
- Nagbibigay paglalarawan sa
pangunahing paksa at layunin
- Ginagamit sa mga sanaysay,
editorial, at libro na binubuo ng
50-100 na salita
Impormatibong Abstrak
- Nagbibigay alam sa mga
mambabasa
- May malinaw na pananaliksik at
pangunahing impormasyon sa
bawat seksyon ng ulat
- Ginagamit sa larangan ng siyensya,
engineering, sikolohiya at binubuo
ng 200 na salita
Mga Bahagi/Nilalaman ng Abstrak:
Kaligiran at Suliranin
- Kalian, paano, at saan nagmula ang
suliranin
Layunin
- Dahilan ng pagsasagawa ng pag-
aaral
- Paano makakatulong ang pag-aaral
sa paglutas ng suliranin
Pokus
- Paksang binibigyang diin on
emphasis sa pananaliksik
Metodolohiya
- Maikling paliwanag ukol sa paraan
o estratehiyang ginamit sa
pagsulat ng pananaliksik
Kinalabasan at Konklusyon
- Tiyak na datos na nakalap sa
pananaliksik
Pagsulat ng Talumpati
Uri ng Talumpati Batay sa Nilalaman:
Talumpati na Nagbibigay ng
Impormasyon
- Maipaunawa sa awdyens ang
impormasyon ukol sa isang
konsepto
Talumpati na Nanghihikayat
- Pagpapalakas o ‘empowerment’,
pagbabago ng isip ng mga
tagapakinig
Talumpating Okasyunal/Nangaaliw
- Magbigay aliw sa mga awdyens o
tagapakinig
- Isang talumpati na nababagay sa
okasyon, tulad ng piyesta, o
anumang selebrasyon
Uri ng Talumpati Batay sa
Pamamaraan:
Dagli (Impromptu)
- Hindi pinaghandaan
Maluwag (Extemporaneous)
- May maikling panahon na ibinigay
sa mananalumpati
- Hindi isinulat at hindi isinaulo ang
mga sasabihin
Pinaghandaan (Prepared)
- Isinulat, binabasa, o isinaulo ang
talumpati
Mga Gabay sa Pagsulat ng Talumpati
- Isaalang-alang ang uri ng wika at
angkop na salita maging kaaya-aya
at maunawaan ng awdyens
- Maghanda ng isang balangkas ng
paghahanda at pagbuo ng tesis
- Laging isaisip ang uri ng
tagapakinig
- Paggamit ng mga tayutay o
kasabihan
- Pagpili at paggamit ng mga idyoma
Risk
Red uc t io n
- 20 tropical cyclones
- Earthquakes everyday
- 20 active volcanoes
Hazard
- Dangerous phenomenon,
substance, human
activity/condition that may cause
loss of life, injury or other health
impacts
Types of Hazards:
- Natural Hazards
- Man-made/Technological Hazards
Natural Hazards
- Naturally-occurring physical
phenomena caused either by rapid
or slow onset events
Biological Hazards
- Process of organic origin or
conveyed by biological vectors/
agents such as toxins and bioactive
substances
Geological Hazards
- Geological phenomenon

Hydro meteorological Hazards

Processes that shape the environment:
- Process of atmospheric,
- Plate Tectonics
hydrological or oceanographic
- Human Activities
nature
- Atmospheric Processes
- Biological Accumulation

Philippines

– One of the most hazardous countries

Potential Earthquake Tsunami

Tectonic Earthquake - Disturbance of ocean floor

- Sudden displacement along faults Earthquake-induced landslides

in the solid and rigid layer of the
- Failures in steep slopes triggered
earth
by earthquakes
Volcanic Earthquake
Tsunami signs:
- Induced by rising lava or magma
1st – strong shaking earthquake
beneath active volcanoes
2nd – the sea may withdraw before it
Glimpse of History
attacks
Shaanxi Earthquake
3rd – distinct roaring and unusual sound
- January 23, 1556
Natural signs:
- Deadliest earthquake
- Magnitude: 8.0-8.3 1. Feel an earthquake
- 830 000 died 2. Sea ocean water disappear
3. Unusual sound and roaring
Earthquake-related Hazards
Ground shaking
Ground rupture
Liquefaction
Tsunami
Earthquake-induced landslides

Ground shaking

- Disruptive up-down and sideways

movement

Ground rupture

- Displacement on the ground due to

movement of fault

Liquefaction

- Transform the behaviour of body

sediments from solid to liquid