Problem 3.

62 [Difficulty: 2]

Given: Circular access port of known diameter in side of water standpipe of

known diameter. Port is held in place by eight bolts evenly spaced
around the circumference of the port.
Center of the port is located at a know distance below the free surface of
the water.
d = 0.6⋅ m D = 7⋅ m L = 12⋅ m

Find: (a) Total force on the port

(b) Appropriate bolt diameter

Solution: We will apply the hydrostatics equations to this system.

Governing Equations: dp
= ρ⋅ g (Hydrostatic Pressure - y is positive downwards)
dh
FR = pc⋅ A (Hydrostatic Force)
F
σ= (Normal Stress in bolt) h
A

Assumptions: (1) Static fluid L

(2) Incompressible fluid
d
(3) Force is distributed evenly over all bolts
(4) Appropriate working stress in bolts is 100 MPa
(5) Atmospheric pressure acts at free surface of water and on
outside of port. D

Integrating the hydrostatic pressure equation: p = ρ⋅ g⋅ h

2
π 2 kg m π 2 N⋅ s
The resultant force on the port is: FR = pc⋅ A = ρ⋅ g⋅ L⋅ ⋅ d FR = 999⋅ × 9.81⋅ × 12⋅ m × × ( 0.6⋅ m) ×
4 3 2 4 kg⋅ m
m s

FR = 33.3⋅ kN

FR π 2 2
To find the bolt diameter we consider: σ= where A is the area of all of the bolts: A = 8× ⋅ db = 2⋅ π⋅ db
A 4

1
2
2 FR ⎛ FR ⎞
Therefore: 2⋅ π⋅ db = Solving for the bolt diameter we get: db = ⎜ ⎟
σ ⎝ 2⋅ π⋅ σ ⎠
1
2
⎛ 1 m ⎟⎞
2 3
10 ⋅ mm
db = ⎜ 3
× 33.3 × 10 ⋅ N ×
1
⋅ × db = 7.28⋅ mm
⎜2× π 100 × 10 N ⎟⎠
6 m
⎝