( Reaffirmed 1998 )

18:4805-1978

Indian Standard
GUIDE FOR
CONSTRUCTION OF BRICK KILN

( First Revision )

Clay Products for Building Sectional Committee, BDC 30

Chairman ~Representing
SI.IRIR.G.GOKHALE Bureau of Public Enterprises, Ministry of Finance

Members
SHRI P. M. ANTE Housing & Urban Development Corporation Ltd,
New Delhi
SRRI B.K. CHAERABORTY ( Alternate)
SHRIC.J.BALCHANDANI Public Works Department, Government of Madhya
Pradesh. Bhonal
SERID.R.BATLIWALA Department of Atomic Etiergy, Bombay
SERI M. G. Waan ( Alternate )
%xRIA.K.~HATTACHARYYA National Test House, Calcutta
SHRIP. R. Das ( Alternate)
DIRECTOR, GERI Public Works Department, Government of Gujarat,
Vadodara
RE~EARCHQBFICER(.MATE-
RIAL TESTING DIVISIQN)
( Alternate )
JOINT DIRECTOR RESEARCH Ministry of Railways
(B&S),RDSO
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR REST
ARCH (B&S), RDSO
( Aflernafc )
SERI KULBIR SIN~H Public Works Department, Chandigarh Administra.
tion
SIIRIN.C.MAJUMDAR Central Building Research Institute ( CSIR ),
Roorkee
DR R. B. H.~JELA ( Akvnatc)
SHRI M. PADMANABHAN The Travancore Tile Manufacturers ’ Association,
Qrilon
SRRIP.K.P:-NDARE Life Insurance Corporation of India, Bombay
SHRIG.R.hNDIT Western India Tile Manufacturers ’ Association,
Mangalore
SHRI S.J.PATTAM The Commonwealth Trust Limited, Calicut
SHRI P. B. NAIR ( Alternate)
( Continuedon page 2 )

@ Copyright 1978
INDIAN STANDARDS INSTITUTION
This publicatron is protected under the lndiun Copyrig& Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any Team except with written permission of thr
p&&.&r shall be deemed to be an mfrmgemcnt of copyrrght under the said Act.
IS :4805- 1978

( Continurd from pagr 1 )

Members Rcpesenting
SERI A. R. RAJAQOPALAN KrishnzdrTles & Potteries ( Madras) Pvt Ltd,

SHRI A. R. KRISHNAYUBTHY
( Altrmatc )
DR A. V. R. RAO National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
SERI J. SEN GUPTA ( Alternate )
SERIOR ARCHITEFT B ( I ) Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
SURVEYOR OF WORKS II
( ATTACHED TO SUPERIN-
T~NDINQ SURVEYOR OF
WORKa II ) ( Alternate )
SARI M. S. SIALI Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch ( Ministry of Defence )
SERI J. RAMA MURTY ( Alternate )
SHRI TARA SINGE SOMAL All India Brick and Tile Manufacturers* Federation:
New Delhi
SH~I DHA~AM PAL CHADBA ( Alternate )
SHRI V. N. SUNDER Standard Brick & Tile Co ( Yelahanka ) Pvt Ltd,
Yelahanka
SUPERINTENDINGEONo I N E E R Public Works Department, Government of
( DESIGNS ) Karnataka, Bangalore
SUPERINTENDINQE N Q I N E E R Public Works Department, Government of West
( PLlNNING CIRCLE ) Bengal, Calcutta
SUPERINTENDING E N Q I N E E R Public Works Department, Government of Tamil
(-PLANNINQ dr DESIGNS ) Nadu, Madras
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER ( SOIL \
MECHANICS & RESEARCH
DIVISION ) ( Alternate )
SURVEYOR OF WORKS ( II ) Delhi Development Authority, New Delhi
SHRI D. TRIVEDI National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd,
New Delhi
MAJ-GEN B. P. WADHERA The Institution ofEngineers ( India ), Calcutta
SHRI D. AJITHA SIMHA, Director General, IS1 ( &-o&o Men&r )
Director ( Civ Engg )

Secretary

SHRI S. SENQUPTA
Assistant Director ( Civ Engg ), IS1
 Indian Standard
GUIDE FOR
CONSTRUCTION OF BRICK KILN

( First Revision)

0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 3 April 1978, after the draft finalized by the
Clay Products for Building Sectional Committee had been approved by
the Civil Engineering Division Council.

0.2 Different types of kilns are being used for burning bricks. These
kilns vary considerably in design, capacity and output. It is not infre-
quent to find two kilns of identical design located at the same place and
yet producing bricks varying widely in quality. It has been found
desirable that some degree of uniformity should be introduced in the
design of kilns, so as to ensure the production of good quality bricks with
the minimum consumption of coal. At present the design of kiln and
its method of operation are largely governed by the rule of thumb. How-
ever, surveys carried out by the Central Building Research Institute and
also information gathered from manufacturers from various parts of the
country, indicate that a broad outline can be furnished as a general
guidance for their better performance.

0.3 This standard was first published in 1968. This revision has been
prepared based on experience gained in the working of this kiln for the
past 10 years. Provisions relating to chimney have been modified and
details of chimney and attachments have been included.

0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this

standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that ofthe specified value
in this standard.

lRulw for rounding off numerical values ( rcoiscd ).

3
IS : 4805 - 1978

1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard gives the broad guidelines required for the construction
of top fed coal fired continuous brick kilns worked on natural draught.

2. NECESSARY INFORMATION
2.1 For efficient design and construction of the brick kilns, detailed
information with regard to the following may be furnished to those
responsible for the wcr-k:
a) Level of sub-soil water at the place where the brick kiln is required
to be constructed;
b) Slope of the ground and natural drainage;
c) Type of soil with special reference to black cotton soil;
d) Climatic conditions; and
e) Vicinity to inhabited area, communication, etc.

3. SITE
3.1 The kiln should preferably be constructed on a high ground, the level
of which should be such‘ that rain-water naturally drains away from the
kiln and does not flow towards it.
3.2 The floor level of the trenches of the brick kiln should be such that
it is not less than 3 m above the water table of sub-soil water measured
during rainy season. In any case floor level should not be more than
1 m below the ground level.

4. CONSTRUCTION
4.1 The size of the kiln depends upon capacity. Two limits for the sizes
are suggested in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2. Depending upon the requirements and
other local factors, there may be sizes between these two limits also. The
shape of the kiln is given in Fig. 1.
4.1.1 Large Capacity Brick Kiln - It should consist of30 chambers, each
of 5.0 m in length and width of the trench should be 9.0 m. The capacity
of chamber may be 28 000 standard bricks ( see Fig. 1 ) ,
4.1.2 Small CapacifV Brick Kiln-It should consist of 30 chambers each of
5.0 m in length and width of the trench should be 4.50 m. The capacity
of the chamber may be 14000 standard bricks.
4.2 The height of the trenches in both the cases should be 2.25 m.
4.3. The side walls of the kiln should be provided with flues over which
chimney would be placed. Each chamber should Abe provided with two
flues, one on the inner and the other on the outer wall. For the small
capacity kiln only one flue on the outer wall need be provided for each
chamber.
4
I----- - 6250-_1
PLAN

I--9oo---tcc-450 -4-9oo+

.6.
k
ENLARGED SECTION ,XX
z
FIG. 1 SHAPE OF LARGE CAPACITY BULL’S TRENCH KILN
IS : 4895- 1978

4.4 Adequate number of wickets should also be provided for easy access
into different parts ~of the trenches.
4.5 The floor of the trenches should be paved with burnt bricks on edge.
4.6 The thickness of the side walls should be 60 cm and should be
constructed of ordinary burnt bricks.
NOTE:-The un-burnt bricks may also be used, but for better efficiency and less
expenditure on maintenance the use of burnt brick is recommended.

4.7 The side walls should be plastered with mud-mortar.

NoTE - For batter insulation the aide walls may be constructed with a cavity of
I
2 5 cm. The cavity maybt loosely filled with fine ash. 6

4.8 The construction of the flues should be as shown in Fig. 2. The size
of the flues should be 1.20 x 0.90 m.
4.9 The distance between the flues should be 5.0 m centre-to-centre.
4.10 The shape of the chimney and its attachments should be as shown
in Fig. 3. Two chimneys will be required.

6
 IS:4805 -1978

PLAN

4 30 i-55+ls-l -I
SECTION XX ELEVATION

All dimensions in centimetres.

Fm. 2 DETAILS OF FLUE

7
 t-‘os-,
I I
I

“T-i
IIllLl
BASE PLATE OF CHIMNE? 25--
THICK OR IWO PLAlES 12mb
WEL DE 0
Inlb.r\
IlroJJ
,
I-
-n%

0 lOOmm, 12,
THICK BRAS- nn.,,.._n
ul
FRONT VIEW

3A CHIMNEV
38 Base Plate with Wheels
All dimensions are in centimetres unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 3 DETAILS OF CHIMNEY AND ATTACHMENTS

-4 c e---k