LAND CLASSIFICATION, RECLASSIFICATION AND
CONVERSION LAWS
1. R.A. 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law ,
allows the conversion of awarded lands under the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) after the lapse of five (5) years
from the granting of the award, if they are no longer economically
feasible and sound for agricultural purposes, or the locality has
become urbanized giving the subject lands greater economic value
for residential, commercial or industrial purposes.
2. R.A. 7916 or Special Economic Zone Act identifies areas for
economic zone development and prescribes the manner of
identifying such areas.
3. R.A. 7160 or Local Government Code of 1991 provides the
rules for reclassification of agricultural lands at the local level in terms
of authority, grounds for reclassification and limitations.
4. R.A. 8435 or the Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization
Act (AFMA) provides for the delineation of Strategic Agriculture and
Fisheries Development Zones (ZAFDZs), preparation of land use and
zoning ordinance as well as penalty for agricultural inactivity and
premature conversion.
5. DA Administrative Order No. 01, Series of 2017: Guidelines
on the Issuance of Certification for Land Use Reclassification
provides the principles, procedures and documentary requirements
for processing and approval of land use reclassification. It derives
legal bases from pertinent sections of the Philippine Constitution,
relevant
Executive Orders, R.A. 6657, R.A. 8435 and DA’s Charter of
Agricultural Lands.
6. DAR Administrative Order No. 01, Series of 2002:
Comprehensive Rules on Land Use Conversion provides for effective
means of evaluating applications for land use conversion by the DAR
regional and central offices.
Republic Act No. 7160 October 10, 1991
Setion 41(b) Amended by RA 8553
Setion 43 Amended by RA 8553
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE
OF 1991
Section 19. Eminent Domain. - A local government unit may, through
its chief executive and acting pursuant to an ordinance, exercise the
power of eminent domain for public use, or purpose or welfare for the
benefit of the poor and the landless, upon payment of just
compensation, pursuant to the provisions of the Constitution and
pertinent laws: Provided, however, That the power of eminent domain
may not be exercised unless a valid and definite offer has been
previously made to the owner, and such offer was not accepted:
Provided, further, That the local government unit may immediately
take possession of the property upon the filing of the expropriation
proceedings and upon making a deposit with the proper court of at
least fifteen percent (15%) of the fair market value of the property
based on the current tax declaration of the property to be
expropriated: Provided, finally, That, the amount to be paid for the
expropriated property shall be determined by the proper court, based
on the fair market value at the time of the taking of the property.
Section 20. Reclassification of Lands. -
(a) A city or municipality may, through an ordinance passed by the
sanggunian after conducting public hearings for the purpose,
authorize the reclassification of agricultural lands and provide for the
manner of their utilization or disposition in the following cases: (1)
when the land ceases to be economically feasible and sound for
agricultural purposes as determined by the Department of Agriculture
or (2) where the land shall have substantially greater economic value
for residential, commercial, or industrial purposes, as determined by
the sanggunian concerned: Provided, That such reclassification shall
be limited to the following percentage of the total agricultural land
area at the time of the passage of the ordinance:
(1) For highly urbanized and independent component cities, fifteen
percent (15%);
(2) For component cities and first to the third class municipalities, ten
percent (10%); and
(3) For fourth to sixth class municipalities, five percent (5%):
Provided, further, That agricultural lands distributed to agrarian
reform beneficiaries pursuant to Republic Act Numbered Sixty-six
hundred fifty-seven (R.A. No. 6657). otherwise known as "The
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law", shall not be affected by the
said reclassification and the conversion of such lands into other
purposes shall be governed by Section 65 of said Act.
(b) The President may, when public interest so requires and upon
recommendation of the National Economic and Development
Authority, authorize a city or municipality to reclassify lands in excess
of the limits set in the next preceding paragraph.
(c) The local government units shall, in conformity with existing laws,
continue to prepare their respective comprehensive land use plans
enacted through zoning ordinances which shall be the primary and
dominant bases for the future use of land resources: Provided. That
the requirements for food production, human settlements, and
industrial expansion shall be taken into consideration in the
preparation of such plans.
(d) Where approval by a national agency is required for
reclassification, such approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.
Failure to act on a proper and complete application for
reclassification within three (3) months from receipt of the same shall
be deemed as approval thereof.
(e) Nothing in this Section shall be construed as repealing,
amending, or modifying in any manner the provisions of R.A. No.
6657.