Lesson Plan: The Nature of the Roots and the Discriminant

I. Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

a.) identify the nature of the roots of a quadratic equation;

b.) interpret the discriminant of a quadratic equation;

c.) participate actively in classroom discussion.

II. Subject Matter:

Topic: The Nature of the Roots and the Discriminant

Materials: Powerpoint Presentation, Worksheets

III. Procedure:

A. Preliminary Activities

Prayer, Greetings, Checking of Attendance

B. Review

1. What is Quadratic Equation?

2. Give examples of Quadratic Equation.

C. Motivation

The teacher will show two sets of quadratic equation and

divide the class into two groups; the class will look for the numbers under
their seats and make it into an equation and post it on the board. The first
group to complete the quadratic equation will win.

1. 𝑥 2 + 25 = 10𝑥
2. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 = 5
 D. Lesson Proper

The teacher will discuss:

The quadratic formula allows us to solve ANY quadratic

equation, even if we cannot factor it.

An important piece of the quadratic formula is what’s under

the radical: 𝒃 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 this piece is called discriminant.
𝟐

The discriminant tells you the number and types of

answers (roots) you will get. The discriminant can be +, -, or 0 which
actually tells us a lot! Since the discriminant is under a radical (√𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄),
think about what it means, if you have a positive or negative number or 0
under the radical.

To use this expression, it is necessary for us to determine

the values of a, b, and c in a quadratic equation. However, we should need
to write first the quadratic equation in standard form (𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝐛𝐱 + 𝐜 = 𝟎)
before we identify these values of a,b, and c.

The teacher will give examples, and let the students solve
the given equations.

Activity Card #. 1: Set me your standards

- Re-write then following quadratic equations in
standard form, 𝑎𝑥 2 + bx + c = 0

What is a Discriminant?
A discriminant is a value calculated from a quadratic
equation. It is used to “discriminate” between the roots (solution) of a
quadratic equation.

The discriminant. D=𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐

To use this expression, it is necessary for you to

determine the values of a, b, and c in a quadratic equation. However, you
should need to write first the quadratic equation in standard form (𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝐛𝐱 +
𝐜 = 𝟎) before you identify these values of a, b, and c.
To determine the discriminant, we may follow these different steps:
STEP 1: Write first the equation into standard form.
STEP 2: Identify the value of a, b, and c.
STEP 3: Substitute these values to 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄
Example: Find the discriminant of :
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓

SOLUTION:
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎
a=1 b=-2 c=-15

D=𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄
D=(-2)2 -4(1)(-15)
D=4+60
D=64

E. Generalization

Nature if the
Equation Discriminant Description Roots
1. X2-5x-14=0 81 D>0 and Real, rational,
perfect Square unequal
2. 2X2+x-5=0 42 D<0, and not Real, irrational,
perfect Square unequal
3. X2- 0 D=0 Real, rational,
10x+25=0 equal
4. 4X2-9x+7=0 -31 D≠0 (negative) Imaginary or
not real

IV. Evaluation

DIRECTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your

answer before the number.

________1. Which of the following is the standard form of quadratic

equations?
a.ax2+bx+c <0, a≠0 c.ax2+bx+c=0
b.f(x)=ax +bx+c
2 d.y=mx+b
________2. Which of the following is a quadratic equation in standard form?
a. 3m2-7=12 c.2x2-7x≥3
b. -5m2+4n-1 d.t2+5t-14=0

________3. What are the value of a, b, and c in the equation 3s2-5s=1?

a. 3, 5, 1 c.3, -5, -1
b. 3, -5, 1 d.3, 5, -1

________4. This value can describe the nature of the roots of a quadratic
equation?
a. sum c. product
b. discriminant d. quadratic formula

________5. What is the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation if the
value of discriminant is negative?
a. not real c. rational and equal
b. irrational and not equal d. rational and unequal

________6. What is the nature of the roots of a quadratic equation when it’s
discriminant is zero?
a. real, rational, equal c. real, rational, unequal
b. real, irrational, not equal d. not real

________7. What is the value of the discriminant of a quadratic equation

2x2+8x-10=0?
a. -144 c. 24
b. -24 d. 144

________8. What is the value of the discriminant of a quadratic equation

x2+4x-5=0?
a. -36 c. 4
b. -4 d. 36

________9. Which of the following quadratic equations has no real roots?

a. 6m2+4m=3 c. 2s2-4s=-4
b. t2-5t-9=0 d. 4r2+2r-5=0

________10. Which of the following has real and equal roots?

a. x2-10x+25=0 c. 2s2-4s=-4
b. t2-5t-9=0 d. 4r2+2r-5=0
 F. ASSIGNMENT:
Direction: Study the situation below and answer the questions that
follow:

Mang Jose wants to make a table which has an area of 6m2. The
length of the table has to be 1 m longer than the width.

a. if the width of the table is p meters, what will be its length?

b. form a quadratic equation that represents the situation.
c. without actually computing for the roots, determine whether the
dimensions of the table are rational numbers. Explain
d. Give the dimension of the table.

Prepared by: Lorna Octobre