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Basavarajiyam A Popular Ayurvedic heritage of Andhra

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Article · January 1999

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.!R.A.S Vol. XX. No. 1-2. (1999) pp.1()1-1()()
'BASAVARAJEEYAM'-A POPULAR AYlJRVEDIC
HERITAGE OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Goli Penchala Prasad', S.D. Dubey' and J.K. Ojha'
(Received on 3.5.99)
This Basavarajeeyam is one ofthe rare
hooks. It is written hy Basavaraju. This
book is divided into 25 Prakarana. Among
them all the 3 points 4 Chikitsa i.e.,
Daivavyapasrya, Yuktivyapasraya and
Satvavajaya are described in detail. Aim oj'
this article is to communicate the important
and rational information to the research
workers and its benefitfor human beings.
Introduction
Ayurveda is a science of life and it is
immemorial. So many ancient scholars
dedicated their lives to enrich this life
science. Previously this science was having
enormous treatises. But due to our
negligence or due to our bad luck we lost so
many ancient treatises. Even then now also
so many important and worthful Ayurvedic
treatises are available in India and abroad.
I. Final year 'MD' Ayurvedic & Junior Resident.
2. Reader and Head.
3. Professor, Deptt. of Dravyaguna and Dean. Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BInI. Varunasi.
101
But majority of those treatises are avai lablc
in different regions of India in different
regional languages. Some ofthcsc available
treatises have also been translated without
changing Mul (original) into different
foreign languages and foreigners are doing
researches on those books.
One of the recent (J 9th century) such
important treatises one of them is
Basavarajeeyarn. Since a long time it is a
very much popular Ayurvcdic book in
Andhra Pradesh. But first time dedicated
effort was done to make it available in a
book form bv Late Shrec Puvvada
Suryanarayan Rao. He referred so many
foreign and Indian available Palm-leaf
manuscripts and finally completed his
translation. He has wr ittcn this
Basavarajeeyam in Telugu language (main
language of Andhra Pradesh). This book is
GOLl PENCIIALA PRASAD, et, al.
having nearly 1,200 pages and it was first
time published bv AB.S. Publications of
Rajamandri. After that up to now no efforts
were done to make it available in other
language by which so many scholars will
know about this Ayurvcdic heritage. In
this paper an attempt has been made to
prescnr a gross idea about Basavarajceyam.
About the author Basavraj, the son of
Namhsivaya and disciple of Ramadesika
is the author of this treatise. He was the
native of Nidimamidi. one of the areas in
Andhra Pradesh. He was eminent
Ayurvedic scholar who had studied number
of Aynrvcdic, Vedic and other eminent
books and compelled so rnany Sloka from
various important books.
About the book : This book is also famous
as Vrishabharajeeyam. In this book almost
all aspects of diseases and treatments have
been covered. In the treatment both herbal
and mineralAlIshodis have been used. Total
book has been divided into 25 Prakarana.
In each Prakaran different diseases
including their etiopathogenesis, Lakshana,
Chikitsa, Sadhya, Asadhyata. Pathya.
Apathya, etc. have been described. Even
Daiva Vyapasraya Chikitsa has also been
given much importance. After studying
various ancient Ayurvedic and other
relevant books, with having keen idea he
has written various diseases and their
treatments in an easy understanding and
most beneficial way. Though many
Ayurvedic classics, before
102
Basavarajeeyam, are ha ving importance
of their own, by compiling so many
important contents from some of those
ancient classics and making them in a
beautiful order this Basavarajceyam has
its own importance and highness.
First I'rakaran has been started with
the worship of Lord Vishnu, Maheswar.
Brahma. Vigneswar. Vatika Bhairava and
Godess Saraswati. In this Prakaran he has
mentioned that he has studied Caraka,
Madhavkalpa, Bhairava Kalpa. Bahata,
Siddavidhyabhu. Siddasarnava, Bhaishajya
Kalp a, Jatukarna, Madhavccyam.
Aswiniyam. Ayu rvedam.
Sinduramanidarpanam. Poojya Padiyam,
Dcvi Shastrarn, Chandra Kalpam. Brahma
Garudam Chintamani, Jyotishyam,
Kashikhandam, Sareera Sutram.
Nityanadiyam, Nandinadiyam,
Agnimantram, Matantaram.
Anyashastram, Chikitsasara
Siddasangraham, Karmavipakam, Revana
Siddakalparn, etc. Grantha. He has also
said that by referring these important books,
this Basavarajeeyam has been written in
Andhra Bh asha to make it easy to
understand tAndrabashayusam Tadvat
Karamalakvat Sphutami. Even if we study
this book, he has given all above references
without changing in his book and he has
mentioned like Ni tyana Adiyam.
Karmavipakam etc. references. By this it is
also becoming clear that at 19th century all
above books were available.
In this Prakaran it has also been written
that in Satyug Caraka was more beneficial,
'BASAVARAJEEYAM'-A POPULAR AYURVEDIC HERITAGE OF ANDHRA PRADESH

In Tretayug Rasaratnakaram, In types of Taila Bindu Pariksha for different

Dwaparyug Siddavidhyabhu and In types of diseases have been dealt. Sadhya
Kaliyug Basavarajeeyam IS more Asadhyata of different diseases by testing
beneficial. the urine has been described.

After that in this Prakaran a detailed
description about Nadi Pariksha has been
dealt. Eight types of Nadi,
Nadisparshanavidhi, difference between
male and female Nadi, Hastagata Nadi,
Hasta Nadi. Kantha Nadi, Vataja, Pittaja
and Kaphaja Nadi, Dwandaja. Sannipataja
Nadi, Bala Vriddha Nadi, Trikala Nadi,
Nadi Pariksha, Nishedakala and
Nadidosha in different stages have been
described. Then different types of Jvara
and their treatment along with their
etiopathogenesis have been described.
In the second Prakaran a detailed
description aboutSannipafa has been given.
In this origin of Sannipata, 13 types of
Sanni p at a like Sandika, Tandri ka,
Chittavibrama, Kanthakubja, Karnika,
Jihvaka. Rugdhaha, Antaka, Bhagnanetra,
Raktastheevi, Seetaka, Pralapa, Seetanga,
Abhinyasa . Not only 'that some other
Sannipata like Sitadi, Asukari. Kampana,
Babhru, Sighrakari, Bhalla, Kutaapalaka,
Sammohana. Palaka. Yamya, Krakacha.
Karkata, Vaidarika etc. Sannipata and
their Nidan Lakshana and treatment have
been mentioned.
In the 3rd Prakaran Sareerak and
Manashik Dosha have been described.
After that a detailed description about
Mutrapariksha has been given. Different
In the 4th Prakaran Kshaya Roga
Nidan. Lakshan Sadhya Asadhyata.
Chikitsa, Pathya Apathyas have been
mentioned. In the 5th Prakaran Pandu,
Sopha and Kamala Nidana. Lakshan.
Sadhya Asadhyata Chikitsa, Anupana
Pathya Apathya have been described. In
the 6th Prakaran different types of
Vataro ga, Pitt aroga, their Nidan,
Lakshana, Sadhya Asadhyata Chikitsa.
Pathya Apathya have been described. In
the 7th Prakaran, 24 types of Paittika
diseases like Aavarna Vivarna.
Suryavarna, Kamila, Amla. Rakta. Sveda,
Karapada. Murcha etc. have been
described along with their Nidan etc.
In the 8th Prakaran different types of
Sleshmajadiseases like Kasa, Svasa. Hikka
along with their types Nidan etc. all aspects
have been described. Same way in the 9th
Prakaran i.e., in Meha Prakaran,
Mehavrana. Mutrakrischa, Mutraghta,
Asmari etc. urinary diseases along with
their types, Nidana etc. aspects have been
dealt. In this chapter some of the author's
own Yoga in the treatment of Prameha
have been described in Telugu (language
of Andhra) in a poetic manner.
In the l Oth Prakaran Grahani and
Atisara along with their types etc. have
been described.' In the 1lth Prakaran

103
GOU PENCHALA PRASAD, el. al.
Udara, Anaha. Udavarta. Vidhradi Raga
have been mentioned in detail with all
aspects. In the 12th Prakaran Trishna,
Daha, Hridhroga, Vishuchika. Alasika,
Vilambika, Agnimandhya. Ajirna etc.
diseases from Nidan to Chikitsa have been
written.
lnthe 13thPrakaran Kushtha, Visarpa.
Visphotaka etc. diseases along with their
types Nidana Chikitsa cus. have been given.
In the 14th Prakaran Arsha, Upadamsha,
Shukadosh. Andavriddi etc. diseases are
covered in all aspects. In the 15th Prakaran
Vandya its Nidan. Chikit sa, Garbhini
Vedana in different months and its
treatment, Garbha Shula and Yonishula
Chikit sa, Yonidurmamsa Chikitsa,
Gudabramsha Chikitsa, Pushpa Avarodha
Chikitsa, different types of other Garbhini
diseases like Kasa and Svasa. Sopha . Jvara,
Raktapitta, Chardi, Agnimandhya. Vata,
Sutikavata etc. diseases and their treatments
have been described.
In the 16th Prakaran Asrigdhara,
Asthi srava, Yonivyapat, Yonikanda.
Garbh apat a, Mudhagarbha,
Yonisamvranam. Stanaroga, Somaroga
etc.diseases have been dealt in detail
Sukhaprasava Lakshana, Mritagarbha
Chcdana Vidhi, Garbhiniroga Pathya
Apathya also been included.
In the 17th Prakaran various types of
Netraroga along with their Nidana,
Lakshana, Chikitsa. Sadhya. Asadhyata,
Pathya, Apathya have been told. In the
18th Prakaran Sthoulya, Medovriddi.
104
Madatyayaroga have been described in
detail in all aspects. In this Prakaran
Nasaroga. Siroroga. their types, Nidan.
Chikitsa etc. are also mentioned.
In the 19th Prakaran Gulmaroga.
Shularoga, have been dealt in dctial. In the
20th Prakaran Unmada and Apasmara
along with their types Nidana. Chikitsa
etc. all aspects have been covered. In this
some famous Yoga have been mentioned
in Telugu language.
In the 21 st Prakaran Bhagandar.
Vrana. Aaguntukavrana, Nadivrana.
Agnidagdavrana, Lutavrana. Markata
Arbhud. Galaganda. Gandamala. Karna.
Mukh a . Dttnt a. .Iihw a. TO/II and
Kanthagata. Danta. 'Fundi.Snayuka. Stano.
Sphota, Kilaka. Kalasphotaka. Sleepada.
etc. different types of Vranas their Nidan.
Chikitsa etc. all aspects ha vc been covered.
In the 22nd I'rakaran different types
of Kshudraroga like Ajagalli. Anthalaji,
Yavaprakhya, Vivritapitika. Indravriddha ..
Gardhabha . Jalagardhabha. Kacchapika.
Pashanagardh ahh a, Irivel l ik:a,
Gandhanamni, Agni roh ini . Chi pya,
Kunakha, Vali. Pal ita. lndral upt a.
Ahiputana etc. along with their treatment
have been told.
In the 23nd Prakaran different types
ofVisha Chikitsa including various darnses
and their treatments have been described.
In this also so many Yoga of his own are
mentioned in Telugu language.
'BASAVARA.TEEYAM'-A POPULAR AYLJRVEDIC HERITAGE OF ANDHRA PRADESH

In 24th Prakaran has its own Trishna. Daha. Unmada, Apasmara,

importance because in this many diseases
have been described under Karma Vipak.
This Karma Vipak has also been seen in
ancient Bhagavadgita. Buddhistic
philosophy and in Vaman Puran. Various
diseases etiology have been described in
philosophical manner. For example, in
Vatavyadhi Karmavipak it has been told
that if a person steals the money of
Brahman. money belonging to the god and
harm to his boss then he will get
Vatavyadhies. At the same time many
Daiva Vyapasraya Chikitsas for the
Shamana of those Karma Vipaka have also
been described. For examples in Javara
Karma Vipak as a treatment one should do
the worship of Garuda or Maheswar or
Surya or Maheswari or other Kuladaiva.
Like this in this Prakaran '!vara
Karmavipak, Atisara, Pandu, Arsoroga.
Kamala. Svasa, Kasa. Aruchi, Chardi.
Amavata, Gulma, Hridroga, Mutrakrischa,
Udara, Bhagandara. Gandamala.
Sleepada, Upadamsha. Kushtha etc.
diseases Karmavipak and their Samana
Upaya or Chikitsa have been described in
detail. It is a point where recently no
research has been done.
Next in 25th or last Prakaran Rasa.
Gandhaka, etc. minerals, their Sodhana.
Bhasmikarana etc. along with other
information about Rasashastra have been
discussed.
Conclusion
By this paper one can come to a gross
idea about the contents ofBasavarajeeyam.
By this paper it is becoming clear that it is
very essential Ayurvedic book and proper
research in various dimensions should be
done so far its rationality and practical uses
might be possible.

REFERENCE

Basavaraju 1998 Andhra Tatparyasahita Basa-

varajeeyam, (translated by Puvvada
Suryanarayana Rao), Published by
A.B.S. Publishers, Rajamandri, A.P.,
Reprinted in 1998.

105
GOLI PENCHALA PRASAD, et. al.

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