MA 105 : Calculus (Autumn 2019)

Additional Problems for Tutorial 5

1. For which constants a, b, c, d ∈ R does the function f : R → R defined by
f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d for x ∈ R
have a local maximum at −1, a point of inflection at 1 and satisfy f (−1) = 10
and f (1) = 6?
2. (Cauchy Mean Value Theorem) If f, g : [a, b] → R are continuous on
[a, b] and differentiable on (a, b), then show that there exists c ∈ (a, b) such
that
g 0 (c)(f (b) − f (a)) = f 0 (c)(g(b) − g(a)).
3. Find the nth Taylor polynomial of f : (−1, 1) → R around a = 0 when:
1
(i) f (x) = (1 + x)r [where r ∈ Q], (ii) f (x) = cos x, (iii) f (x) = .
1−x
Optional Problems
4. (L’Hôpital’s Rule for 00 indeterminate forms) Let c ∈ R and let D =
(c − r, c) ∪ (c, c + r) for some r > 0. Let f, g : D → R be differentiable
functions such that limx→c f (x) = 0 and limx→c g(x) = 0. Suppose g 0 (x) 6= 0
for all x ∈ D, and f 0 (x)/g 0 (x) → ` as x → c. Then prove that f (x)/g(x) → `
as x → c. Here ` can be a real number or ∞ or −∞. (Hint: Use the Cauchy
Mean Value Theorem.)
5. (L’Hôpital’s Rule for 00 indeterminate forms when x → ∞) Let a ∈ R
and let f, g : (a, ∞) → R be differentiable functions such that f (x) → 0
and g(x) → 0 as x → ∞. Suppose g 0 (x) 6= 0 for all x ∈ (a, ∞), and
f 0 (x)/g 0 (x) → ` as x → ∞. Then prove that f (x)/g(x) → ` as x → ∞.
Here ` can be a real number or ∞ or −∞.
6. Evaluate the following limits:
(2x − x4 )1/2 − x1/3 5x2 − 3x
(i) lim , (ii) lim ,
x→1 1 − x3/4 x→∞ 7x2 + 1
√
 √  x+2
(iii) lim x − x + x , 2 (iv) lim √ .
x→∞ x→∞ x + 1

∞
x X
7. Show that the Taylor series of the function f (x) = is f n xn
1 − x − x2 n=1
where fn is the nth Fibonacci number, that is, f1 = 1, f2 = 1, and fn =
fn−1 + fn−2 for n ≥ 3. By writing f (x) as a sum of partial fractions and
thereby obtaining the Taylor series in a different way, find an explicit formula
for the nth Fibonacci number.