Sample Formula Sheet

(𝑙+∆𝑙)
𝑅𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 𝜌 𝜋 Gage factor=1+2𝑣
(𝑑−∆𝑑)2
4

𝐸 𝐸
For a 2-D system: 𝜎𝑥 = (𝜀𝑥 + 𝑣𝜀𝑦 ), 𝜎𝑦 = (𝜀𝑦 + 𝑣𝜀𝑥 ),
1−𝑣 2 1−𝑣 2
𝐺𝑓
In case of lead wires (𝐺𝑓 )𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
1+∝
𝜕𝜌
𝜌
For semiconductor based strain gauges 𝜌𝜖 =
𝜖

Force and Torque measurement using Stain Gauge

Dead Weight Tester

(𝑀𝑡 + 𝑀𝑐 )
For a deadweight gauge: 𝑝 − 𝑝𝐴 = 𝑔
𝐴

For Inclined Limb manometer: ∆𝑝 = ℎ𝑡 𝜌𝑔

 106 𝑡
For a diaphragm Gage 𝑓 = 1.934 × 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
𝜋𝑎2

𝑉12 𝑃1 𝑉22 𝑃2
Bernoulli equation + + 𝑔𝑧1 = +
+ 𝑔𝑧2
2 𝜌 2 𝜌
𝑣𝑑𝜌
𝑅𝑒 =
𝜇

𝑁2 𝑁2
𝐿1 = , 𝐿2 =
𝑅𝑜 +𝐾(𝑑−𝑥) 𝑅𝑜 +𝐾(𝑑+𝑥)

For Bridgeman Gauge

1 1
For a thermistor 𝑅𝑇= 𝑅𝑜 exp[𝐵(𝑇 − 𝑇 )]
𝑜