INDEX

S.No Date Name of the Experiment Page.No Remarks

Introduction to Photoshop 1-8

1 Create Your Visiting Card 9-10

2 Create a Cover Page 11-12

3 Paper Advertisment 13

4 Passport size photo 14-15

5 Create a Pamphlet 16-17

6 Designing a Broucher 18-19

7 Create titles for any forthcoming film 20

8 Create Custom Shape 21

9 Create a web template for your college 22

10 Convert a color photo to black and whit 23

11 Enhancing and Reduce the given Image size 24-25

12 Background Changes 26-28

13 Designing box packagae cover 29

14 Designing text and pattern 30

15 Filter effects and eraser effects 31

Introduction to Photoshop

Photoshop is unlike other common software interfaces which emulate virtual typewriters or
graphing paper. Photoshop creates an artist's virtual studio/darkroom. When you open the
program you see a toolbox on the left with tools you will use to manipulate your images, and
on the right, a white square which is your "canvas" or work area. The gray area surrounding
the canvas is not part of your image, but only defines its edges.

To change the canvas dimensions, go to Image > Canvas size. You can type in any
dimensions you like, but remember that the area of the image is directly proportional to the file
size.

Basic Tools .......

(You can use the letter next to each tool to switch between tools quickly)

Marquee Tool : The images in Photoshop are stored pixel by pixel, with a code
indicating the color of each. The image is just a big mosaic of dots. Therefore, before you can
do anything in Photoshop, you first need to indicate which pixels you want to change. The
selection tool is one way of doing this. Click on this tool to select it, then click and drag on
your image to make a dotted selection box. Hold shift while you drag if you want a perfect
square or circle. Any pixels within the box will be affected when you make your next move. If
you click and hold on this tool with your mouse button down, you will see that there is also an
oval selection shape, and a crop tool .

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Crop Tool: . To crop your image, draw a box with the crop tool. Adjust the selection with
the selection points, and then hit return to crop.

Lasso Tool : The lasso tool lets you select freeform shapes, rather than just rectangles and
ovals.

Magic Wand: Yet another way to select pixels is with the magic wand. When you click
on an area of the image with this tool, all pixels that are the same color as the pixel you clicked
will be selected. Double click on the tool to set the level of tolerance you would like (i.e. how
similar in color the pixels must be to your original pixel color. A higher tolerance means a
broader color range).

The Move Tool: This is a very important tool, because up until now all you have been
able to do is select pixels, and not actually move them. The move tool not only allows you to
move areas you have selected, but also to move entire layers without first making a selection.
If you hold the option (or alt) key while clicking and dragging with the move tool, you can
copy the selection.

Airbrush Paintbrush and Pencil tools can be used to draw with the
foreground color on whichever layer is selected. To change the foreground color, double-click
on it in the toolbox. You will then see a palette of colors from which to choose. Select one and
click OK. To change the brush size, go to Window > Show Brushes.

Eraser Tool: Erases anything on the selected layer. You can change the eraser size by
going to Window > Show Brushes.

Line Tool: Can be used to draw straight lines. Click on the tool to select it, then click
with the tool on the canvas area and drag to draw a line. When you release the mouse button,
the line will end. You can change the thickness of the line or add arrowheads to it by double
clicking on the tool to see this dialog box:

Text tool: Click on this tool to select it, then click in the Canvas area. You will be given
a dialog box in which to type your text, and choose its attributes. Each new block of text goes
on its own layer, so you can move it around with the Move Tool. Once you have placed the
text, however, it is no longer editable. To correct mistakes, you must delete the old version (by
deleting its layer) and replace it.

Eyedropper: Click with this tool on any color in the canvas to make that color the
foreground color. (You can then paint or type with it).

Magnifier: Click with this tool on a part of your image you want to see closer, or drag

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with it to define the area you want to expand to the size of the window. Hold down
the Option or Alt key to make it a "reducer" instead and zoom back out.

Grabber: Click with this and drag to move the entire page for better viewing.

Options Bar

The Options bar appears at the top of the screen and is context sensitive, changing as you
change tools. The tool in use is shown in the left corner, and options relating to the tool appear
to the right of that.

For example, in the snapshot above, the move tool is selected.

Auto Select Layer when checked means that the move tool will switch layers automatically
depending where you click on the canvas. This makes it feel almost like a vector program
when you are selecting objects. The layer palette still shows you what is on each layer and you
can use it to select objects as well.

Show Bounding Box makes it easy to rotate or transform an object when you click on it. When
the cursor is held over the corners of the bounding box, it turns into a curved arrow. Click and
drag to rotate.

Layers

Photoshop works on a system of layers, which are like sheets of transparency. When you place
objects on a layer, they become part of the layer, just as if you had drawn on a transparency
with a marker. If two objects are on the same layer and you want to move them closer to each
other, you need to cut them out with the lasso or marquee tool and physically move them
together. If they are on different transparent layers, however, all you have to do is move the
layers with the move tool until the objects are closer to each other.

In a file with overlapping elements, To see all the layers in your document, go toWindow >
putting them on different layers Show Layers. Here are the layers for the image on the
allows me to move them around left. The eye icon on the left indicates that the layer is
without having to select them first. visible. Click on the eye to make a layer invisible.

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 Select a layer and then click the trash icon at the bottom
to delete a layer. Click and drag on layers to change
their stacking order.

Resolution / Dimensions of Image / Size of File :

Pixels per Inch Photoshop files are made up of tiny squares of color called pixels. Using large
pixels will make a grainy image, and using tiny pixels to make the same image will be much
smoother. However, the smaller the pixels, the more of them there are in the file, and the larger
the file size will be. If the file size is large, it opens slower, takes longer to save, and takes up
more room on a disk. The the key in choosing a resolution is finding the balance between
image quality and file size.

For example, if I want to re-tile my bathroom floor to make a smiley face, I can either use
large tiles or small tiles. On the left I use 10 tiles on each side for a total of 100 tiles. On the
right I use 25 tiles on each side, for a total of 625 tiles.

If each of these images measures an inch on each side and each tile is a pixel, the image on the
left would have a resolution of 10 pixels per inch, or 10 ppi. The image on the right would be
25 ppi. Notice how a small increase in resolution corresponds to a much larger increase in file
size, because the increase is exponential.

You can begin to see why images of different resolutions sometimes change size when
combined in one file, or when brought into other programs. For instance, what if I wanted to
draw the image on the right in tiles the size of the image on the left? I would have a much
larger image in the end. This is what happens when you bring an image with a high resolution
into a file which has a lower resolution. There can only be one resolution per file, so the pixels
of the image coming in are resized to the size of the existing pixels in the file.

Image Size Dialog Box

JPEG images from the Internet have a low resolution of 72 dpi. However there is no reason
that your JPEG images have to have such a low resolution. Image files generated by digital
cameras often begin with a low resolution but very large dimensions. You can use that to your
advantage by trading area for resolution. To change the resolution or the size of your image, go
to File > Image Size. It will look something like this.

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At the bottom of the window there is a box marked "Resample Image". This box determines
whether or not area can be exchanged for resolution. When it is checked, resolution remains
independent of the image dimensions. If you change the dimensions or the resolution, you will
see the file size change accordingly.

To exchange area for resolution, uncheck the Resample Image box:

You can see that the linking symbol on the right now encompasses width, height and
resolution. Perhaps you don't need a 10 inch wide image. If you make the width smaller, look
what happens to the resolution:

What is happening is simply that the pixels in your image have been decreased in size. The
total number of pixels and therefore the file size remains the same. If you had used the
resample option, pixels would have been added or removed from the image and the file size
would have increased or decreased.

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What resolution is best?: 300 is optimal, between 200 and 300 is okay, but below 200 the
image will begin to show pixelation.

When to resample: When you have two images of different resolutions that you want to
combine in Photoshop and you don't want either of them to change in dimension, you will
have to resample one of them to bring them to the same resolution before combining them.
This is because a single file can have only one resolution. When you bring in an image from a
file with pixels of a different size, Photoshop will enlarge or shrink the pixels to match those in
the file into which the image is going. Bringing an image with a resolution of 300 ppi into a
file with 72 ppi will make the first image appear much larger when it arrives in the new file.
Why? It is the same as if I decided to make my detailed smiley face in the larger tiles instead
of the small ones. I would need a much bigger bathroom!

Tiling my detailed face in This is why I really need to change the

larger tiles tile size first!

Also, if you have an extremely high resolution that you don't need, you can resample down to
300 to save disk space.

Tonal Adjustment

Sometimes a scan or even a digital photo won't look like what you saw under the microscope.
There are some easy ways to adjust the color in an image. As long as the adjustment is made to
the entire image, and not to selected parts, it should be OK ethically, although you should use
your own judgment.
Levels
Sometimes an image will seem faded or washed-out. Using the Levels adjustment can increase
the contrast in the image. Go to Image > Adjust > Levels. You will see this dialog box with a
histogram showing the tonal values in the image. Here the curve is shifted to the right, which
corresponds to what we can see--the image is too light.

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By moving the circled sliders toward the bell-shaped part of the curve, we can reset the value
of the darkest and lightest pixels in the image. Moving the black arrow to the right will darken
the darkest values in the image, and moving the white slider to the left will lighten the lightest
values in the image.

Watching how the changes affect the image, let's gradually move the sliders inward to the
edges of the curve.

When we click OK, Photoshop will reset the curve, with our placed arrows as endpoints:

(Going back into Levels, we can see our new tonal values curve)

As you can see, what the levels adjustment did was take a segment of the tonal range and
reassign the values from black to white. In the readjusted levels dialog box, you can see spaces
indicating values that no longer exist. This is the difficulty in making image adjustments.
When you over-adjust, you begin to leave gaps in the tonal range, and this will eventually
cause a posterized look (too much black & white and not enough middle gray tones). The only
way to avoid this is to capture a large range of tonal values when scanning or taking a picture,
and to use only subtle adjustments to the images.

Using Levels on color images:

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In this image the background wasn't quite Moving the dark slider to the right deepened
black. the darks.

Click with highlight dropper in

Values are lacking at both the lightest part of the image to
Move sliders inward
ends of the curve. correct color imbalance.

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1. Create your Visiting card
Step 1: Crate New document:
 Go to file menu and select new option
 It will displays new dialog box
 In this dialog box enter the size of visiting card (width 3.75 inches, height
2.25 inches)

 Select colour mode CMYK and background contents as transparent

and then press “OK” button.
 Document created.

Step 2: Setting margins:

 Go to view menu and select rules option
 Rulers will enable to our document
 Click on the ruler on each edge, and drag the blue lines to 0.125
inches Repeat this process on top, bottom, left and right sides of this
document

Step 3: Enter data:

 Change background of this document by selecting a good
background image
 Press horizontal type tool and place it in top of this document

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 Type your name and highlight it by using options available in the
options bar.
 Press horizontal type tool and place it in middle of this document
 Type your address, phone number, email id, etc. change this format of
this text by using options available in the options bar.
 Go to file menu and select open option
 On the open dialog box select your photograph and click open button
 Your photograph will be opened, copy this image and paste this image
at current document
 Reduce the image size and position this image at convenient place.
 If any relevant information you want to place in the visiting card,
then insert them
 Your visiting card is ready, save this document.

Output:

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2. Create Cover page for any text book
Step 1: Crate New document:
 Calculate the height and width of the book
 Go to file menu and select new option, it will displays new dialog box.
 In this dialog box, enter the measurements of your book

 Press “OK” button, then your document will be created.

Step 2: Setting margins:

 Go to view menu and select rules option
 Rulers will enable to our document
 Place horizontal and guides

Step 3: Enter data:

 Set background of the cover page
 Enter text book title by using horizontal typing tool
 Insert any image that related to the subject in the middle
 Type author of this text book by using horizontal typing tool
 Enter and format any relevant information for this book.
 After completion save this image in .psd format.
 Your text book cover page is ready and take a print out.

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Output:

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3. Create a Paper ad for advertisement.
Step 1: Create New document:
 Calculate the height and width for your ad based on information
 Go to file menu and select new option, it will displays new dialog box.
 In this dialog box, enter the measurements of your ad already
measured. For example size = 4 inches height and 2.5 inches width.

 Press “OK” button, then your document will be created.

Step 2: Enter data:

 Put rectangular box on the top of the document by using Rectangle tool.
 Type title of the ad inside rectangle and highlight it by using
horizontal typing tool.
 Type the information about the advertisement by using horizontal
typing tool and format as your wish.
 Insert any relevant image that is related to this subject.
 Save this document in .psd format
 Your ad is ready.

Output:

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4. Design a Passport photo

Tools used: Crop Tool

STEP 1
Go to “File” and select “Open”. Choose the picture from the above
folder and open the selected image.

STEP 2
Select the “Crop Tool”, change the width to 2in and height 2in,
Resolution: 300 pixel/inch. US passport size is 2” by 2”.

STEP 3
Move the crop tool to the image and crop it by double click the mouse.

STEP 4
Go to “File” and choose for “New”. Look for the Preset sizes 4in X
6in, Mode RGB color and click “OK” This will create a new layer.

STEP 5
Hold “ALT” key and using the “move tool” to drag the image to the new
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 layer. Repeat it twice and now you get 2 images in one layer. Repeat the same
process until 8 images in the 4X6 size card.

STEP 6
Go to “File” and select “Save As”, name the file as “My Passport” and Save.

Output:

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5. Create a Pamphlet for any program to be conducted by an
organization
Step 1: Crate New document:
1. Before going to design first decide the size of the pamphlet
2. Go to Photoshop file menu and click new option
3. It will displays new dialog box
4. In that dialog box enter the size of the pamphlet (ex: width=6, Height=8)

5. New document will be created

Step 2: Enter data:

6. This document will be used for front side of the pamphlet

7. Now I am creating pamphlet for my college
8. Change the background of the document by inserting a good
looking designed image.
9. On the top of the document put horizontal typing tool and type college
name
10. Highlight the college name entered
11. Insert college logo below the college name
12. Type address of the college
13. Insert any image of your college.
14. Crate a new document of the same size for back side of the pamphlet
15. After that enter the following data like, courses offered, results,
placements of the previous year, facilities available in the college, etc.
16. Change the format of the text for each item.
17. After that go to file menu and select save option.
18. Save this document in .psd format
19. Your pamphlet is ready, take a print out.

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Output:

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6. Create Broacher for your
college Step 1: Crate New
document:
1. Before going to design first decide the size of the broacher
2. Go to Photoshop file menu and click new option
3. It will displays new dialog box
4. In that dialog box enter the size of the broacher (ex: width=6, Height=8)

5. New document will be created

Step 2: Enter data:

6. This document will be used for front side of the broacher
7. Now I am creating broacher for my college
8. Change the background of the document by inserting a good
looking designed image.
9. On the top of the document put horizontal typing tool and type college
name
10. Highlight the college name entered
11. Insert college logo below the college name
12. Type address of the college
13. Insert any image of your college.
14. Crate a new document of the same size for back side of the broacher
15. After that enter the following data like, courses offered, results,
placements of the previous year, facilities available in the college, etc.
16. Change the format of the text for each item.
17. After that go to file menu and select save option.
18. Save this document in .psd format
19. Your broacher is ready, take a print out.

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Output:

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7 . Creat Titles for any forthcoming film

Tool Used: Rectangular marquee tool, text tool, move tool, gradient tool

Procedure:

Step 1:
Click on file , open new file and set required dimensions
Step-2:
On the created document, select the required portion with marquee tool
Step-3:
Fill it with pattern
Step-4:
Click on text tool and then type the required title of talon
Step-5:
Change the forth of the title
Step-6:
Click on layers and click on effects
Step-7:
Save the document using some name along the format as PSD, PDD
Step-8:
Print the document.

OutPut:

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8. Custom shapes creation
Tools used: Pen tool, path selection tool, rectangular tool
Procedure:
Step-1:
Click on the file and open new, set required dimensions and resolution
Step-2:
Using a pen tool and select any option required in options bar
Step-3:
Draw the required shape which we required to create.
Step-4:
Using path selection tool we can adjust the shape.
Step-5:
Now right click and select define custom shape option
Step-6:
Now we can give a name to the shape tjhat we created
Step-7:
Select rectangular tool and select custom shape
Step-8:
Crop down to the bottom, we will find the shape that we created earlier
Step-9 :
Creating a custom shape is completed.

Output:

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 9. Create a Web template for your college

Tools Required: Pentool, Maruee tool text tool, move tool, crop tool

Procedure:

Step-1: Open the photoshop and go to file menu and select new then select the
paper with 8.5 width and 11inches high resoulution 300 inches. Fill the
colour by clicking Ctrl_backspace
Step-2: First create a header using morque rectangular tool draw a rectangular
box and fill and colour to it. Select pen tool and draw a design with in
the rectangular box and click Cntrl+backspace to fill the selected area.
Step-3: Now open the logo of our college using recatangular select the logo and
in the file menu select will appear on the page.
Step-4: Place the logo on the top left corner
Step-5: At the bottom of the page select the marque rectangular tools draw the
Rectangular box and fill color to it.
Step-6: Paste the picture of our college in that rectangular box. Using pen tool
draw the boarder the pictures. Then click Cntrl+D to select the particular
area.

OutPut:

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 10. Convert color photo to black and white photo

Procedure:
Step-1:
First Select the image which we required to change in the Photoshop

Step-2: Go to image menu and select mode option

Step-3:It will displays a sub menu

Step-4: In this sub menu select grayscale option

Step-5: It will erases the all color information and your colour image will
be automatically converted into black and white image as
below:

Output:

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 11. Enhance and reduce the image size

Tools used: Marquee tool, move tool

Procedure:
Step-1:
Open a new document and set required dimessions
Step-2:
Select any image
Step-3:
Now click on image in menu bar
Step-4:
Click on image size in that options
Step-5:
According to our requirements adjust the size
Step-6:
Now we will get image size of required dimesnsions
Step-7:
Save the document using some name along the format as PSD, PDD
Step-8:
Print the document.

Out Puts:

Reducing Image

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Enchasing Image

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12. Background change

Tools Required: Lasso tool , magnetic lasso tool, move tool

Procedure:

Step-1:
Open the image in Adobe Photoshop using open dialog box
Step -2:
Now right click on lasso tool and click on magnetic lasso tool.

Step-3:
Then move the tool on the person’s body outline.

Step-4:
Right click and click on layer via copy

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Step-5:
On the layer menu click on new then layer or press Shift+Ctrl+N.

Step-6:
Now open the new background image in Photoshop.

Step-7:
Now “select all” the image by pressing Ctrl+A and copy using Ctrl+C.

Step-8:
Now paste it on the original image using Ctrl+P.

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Step-9:
Now delete the layer named “Background”

Step-10:

Change the order of the two layers Layer 1 and layer 2.

Step-11:
Now change the size of layer 2 using Ctrl+T.

Step-12:

You are done as shown in figure.

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 13. Design Box package Cover

Tool Used: Text tool, move tool, Rectangular marquee tool

Procedure:

Step 1:
Click on file and open a new document
Step-2:
Create a front forces:
(i) Take a logo and place it center
(ii) Type the text according to our requirement
Step-3:
Creating a top force
(i) Take the text tool type required text
(ii) Change the background with gradient tool
Step-4:
Crerating a side Face
(i) Take the text tool, type the text giving information of that item such as
MF Code, Exp Date, Intgredients, Price etc.
(ii) Place the bar code at bottom
Step-5:
Now insert all the 3 documents on a first created document
Step-6:
Using free transform adjust the size of all 3 images and by clicking control
button we
can adjust the image in a 3D box.
Step-7:
Save the image and print the document.

Output:

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14 . Designing text and pattern

Tools used:
Rectangular marquee tool
Procedure:

Step-1:
Click on file and open new by setting required dimessions
Step-2:
On the created document, change the background
Step-3:
Select the area with the rectangular marquee tool
Step-4:
Click on filter and right click on render to select clouds
Step-5:
Click on edit and select define pattern and select title / name
Step-6:
Click on file and open new and set required dimensions i.e, new document is
created.
Step-7:
Click on edit and click on fill and select pattern
Step-8:
Save it using some name along the format as PSD, PDD
Step-9:
Print the document

Output:

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15 . Filter effects & Eraser Effect

Tools Used: Marquee tool, move tool text tool

Procedure:
Step-1:
(i) Open new file document
(ii) Set dimesions, resolution and color mode as you required
Step-2:
(i) Get the image into the Photoshop window
(ii) Crop and move it into your document
(iii) Press CTRL+T and resize the image
Step-3:
(i) In the member, select filters and in submenu choose the effects you
required.
(ii) Extract, liquity, blur, radial, sharpen style, artistic, noise, pixelate etc.
we can select the required effect by using preview.
Step-4:
To give erser effect
(i) Select eraser tool, to remove the backgroung or unrequired part of
your image.
(ii) We have 3 types of erasers
(a) Eraser
(b) Background eraser
(c) Magic eraser
(iii) We can remove the area of image pixels which carry some color by
using magic eraser tool
(iv) We an remove backgroung eraser
(v) Eraser tool eraser all where you rub.
Step-5:
We can give different types of filters effects and eraser effects in adobe
photoshop as
we require.

Output:

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