ENGR. C.

LEOBRERA

BASIC STRUCTURAL MODELING

USING ETABS v9.5.0

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The Need for Structural Modeling ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Ease of computational effort (iterations), high rise structures can

now be modelled and analyzed, e.g., its response to seismic forces.

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The Need for Structural Modeling ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Complex structures can be modelled and analyzed (e.g., non

regular structures that must fit the architectural concept).

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The Need for Structural Modeling ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Remember, engineering judgement and intuition must always come to

play. The engineer’s experience and technical knowledge must be always
exercised.

Softwares are just tools to aid us in

designing and analyzing structures.

Ultimately, it is our obligation to check

and verify results of this software tools.
(Garbage in, Garbage out)

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ETABS ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

ETABS stands for “Extended3D Analysis of Building Systems"

“ETABS is an engineering software product that caters to

multi-story building analysis and design. Modeling tools and
templates, code-based load prescriptions, analysis methods
and solution techniques, all coordinate with the grid-like
geometry unique to this class of structure…”

ETABS is best to be used for frame structures, e.g., buildings

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ETABS GUI ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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PRACTICE MODEL ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Model an R.C. 2-Storey + roof deck Commercial Structure (very prone to

differential settlement) in ETABS given following data:

Typical Storey floor to floor height: 3.50m

Ground Floor FFL: +0.50m

2ND Floor FFL: +4.00m
Roof deck FFL: +7.50m

Footing tie beam elev. : 0.00m (NGL)

Elevation of founding strata: -1.50m

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PRACTICE MODEL ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Architectural Requirements:

Max column size: 400mm x 400mm

Max Beam/Girder Depth: 500mm
All Exterior Walls be: 6” CHB + 25mm plaster both face
All Interior Walls be: 4” CHB + 25mm plaster both face

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PRACTICE MODEL ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Material Strengths:

Concrete Compressive Strength (f’c): 4000psi (27.6MPa)

Main Reinf. Yield Strength: 60ksi (414MPa)
Secondary Reinf. Yield Strength: 40ksi (275MPa)

Concrete Unit Weight: 24kN/m3

CHB Unit Weight: 18kN/m3

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PRACTICE MODEL ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Seismic Data:

Seismic Source: Type A

Location: Valenzuela City
Distance to Source: 15km
Soil Profile Type: Sc

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Ground Floor Plan:

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2ND Floor Plan:

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Roof Deck Plan:

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 ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Let’s start!

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Define Frame Properties ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Column Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Recommended As:
1.5%-2% of Ag
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Column Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

ACI 318-08/NSCP2010
SECOND ORDER ANALYSIS:

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Girder Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Beam Depth Estimation:

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Girder Definition (FTB) ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Girder Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Girder Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Moment Redistribution Concept ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Beam Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Slab Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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Slab Definition ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

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SHELL, MEMBRANE, PLATE IN ETABS
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Shell – has in plane and out of plane stiffness (e.g., flat slab systems)
Membrane – has in plane stiffness only (used to model/mimic gravity slabs,
i.e., load transfer to beams only)

Plate – has out of plane stiffness only (used to model thick slabs that behave like beams)

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MEMBRANE, MONOLITHIC BEAM-SLAB
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SHELL, FLAT SLABS
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Slab Thickness Economics ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Two-way slabs:

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Ground Floor:

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2ND Floor:

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RD Floor:

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2ND Floor:

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RD Floor:

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STRUCTURE LOAD, SDL
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STRUCTURE LOAD, SDL
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STRUCTURE LOAD, SDL
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STRUCTURE LOAD, SDL
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STRUCTURE LOAD, LL
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SEISMIC LOADING
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SEISMIC LOADING
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0.03 in English units

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We will assume that wind loading is

not governing in this structure.

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SEISMIC LOADING
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BASE

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2ND Floor:

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RD Floor:

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2ND Floor:

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RD Floor:

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LINE PARTITION LOADS, SDL (FTB)
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LINE PARTITION LOADS, SDL (2ND)
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LINE PARTITION LOADS, SDL (RD)
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The Need to assign Diaphragms ENGR. C. LEOBRERA

Diaphragm assignments instructs ETABS that the whole floor (all floors connected by
slabs) will have the same movement during lateral loading (which is the actual case). This
is due to the slabs connecting to the nodes, thus making the movement rigid and
uniform. If we do not assign diaphragms, each node will displace differently.

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RIGID DIAGPHRAGM ASSIGNMENT (2ND F and RD )
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Design Preference
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Check Modelling Geometry
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Secondary Analysis (P-∆)
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Secondary Analysis (P-∆)
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Secondary Analysis (P-∆)
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Secondary Analysis (P-∆)
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Last Analysis Run Log
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Check For Warnings

Check for Loss of accuracy, etc.

Check if P-Delta Iterations converges

Resolve these issues (if there are) before using the model for design!

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Check Rho
Value (Seismic)

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Check Rho Value (Seismic)
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Design Load Combinations
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Design Load Combinations
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Design Load Combinations
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Results
(Reinforcement
mm2) FTB

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Results
(Reinforcement
mm2) 2nd Floor

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Results
(Reinforcement
mm2) RD

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Column P-M-M Ratio Grid 1
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Column P-M-M Ratio Grid 2
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Column P-M-M Ratio Grid 3
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Column P-M-M Ratio Grid 4
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Column P-M-M Ratio Grid 4
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Moment Diagrams, kNm (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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Shear Diagrams, kN (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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Axial Diagrams, kN (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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Moment Diagrams (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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Shear Diagrams (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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Axial Diagrams (1.2DL + 1.6LL) Grid 1
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