Prepared by: Group 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Definition of Campus Journalism

II. News Writing
III. Questionnaires

2 Learning Module in Campus Journalism

 Campus journalism
1  Campus journalism is defined as “that enjoyable activity of the staff of
the campus paper in collecting, organizing and presenting news,
writing editorials, columns, features, and literary articles, taking
pictures, cartooning, copy reading, proofreading, dummying & writing
headlines”.
 Campus journalism is journalism carried out by university/college
students on subjects relating to campus, published in publications
generally only intended for campus. Usually these publications are
available free of charge to the public and run by students and a faculty
adviser.

Functions of Campus Paper

1. Aids to students
a. Provides oppurtunity for interesting writing.
b. Gives students the oppurtunity to learn on how to read the newspaper.
c. Acts as stimulus to better work.
d. Develops student’s power of observation and discrimination concerning relative
merits of articles.
e. Serves an outlet and motivation for journalistic writing.
f. Offers training in organizations, business methods, commercial arts, salesmanship.
Bookeeping and business management.
g. Develops qualities of cooperation accuracy, responsibility and leadership.

2. Aids to community
a. Informs the community of the work of the school.
b. Publishes school news.
c. Creates and expresses school opinions.
d. Makes known the achievements of the school.
e. Helps unify the school.
f. Encourages and stimulates worthwhile activities.
g. Develops cooperation between the parents and the school.

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Sections of Campus Paper
1. News section
2. Editorial Section
3. Features/Literary Sections
4. Columns: Sports, Fashio, etc.
5. Review

Functions of the Campus Publication

1. Information disseminator
2. Marketplace of ideas
3. Tool for education
4. Entertainment
5. Influential venue for a cause or crusade
6. Voice of its publishers

Characteristics of an Effective and Credible Paper

1. Timeliness 8. Observance of Ethical Standards
2. Responsiveness 9. Responsibility
3. Fairness 10. Freedom and Independence
4. Balanced Treatment of Issues 11. Accurance and Truthfulness
5. Sustainability 12. Sincerity
6. Credibility and Integrity 13. Impartiality and Fair Play
7. Creativity 14. Decency

Overall Rules in Writing

1. Know the purpose
2. Understand the facts.
3. Form a mental outline,
4. Observe simplicity of language.
5. Be direct to the point.
6. Prefer the active over the passive voice of verbs.
7. Describe vividly but use adjectives and adverbs sparingly.
8. Use concrete, not abstract, verbs.
9. Be factual as possible.
10. Use direct quotes
11. Show, don’t tell.
12. Be consistent with mechanical style.
13. Don’t mention anything you can’t explain.
14. Write for your reader, not for yourself.
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 2 NEWS WRITING
 News
- Information about current events printed in newspapers or broadcast
by media (Microsoft Encarta, 2009)
- Gives the reader information that will have an impact on them in
some way. Usually flows from most important to least important.
- North, East, West, South.

Types of News Stories

1. According to sequence or chronology
a. Spot news
b. Coverage news
c. Advance news
d. Follow up
2. According to range nd reach
a. Local news
b. National news
c. Foreign news
d. Dateline news
3. According to construction
a. Straight news
b. News feature
c. Fact story
d. Speech, report, interview and quote saying

Characteristics of Good News

1. Timeliness 10. Progress
2. Conflict 11. Numbers
3. Proximity
4. Accuracy
5. Prominence
6. Drama
7. Oddity
8. Significance
9. Romance and adventure

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 Structure of News
Inverted pyramid Hourglass

Begin with broad questions

summarized Narrow down, focus on
details operationalize

Supporting
details
Observe
More
details
Analyze data

other Reach conclusions

details Generalize back to

questions

Narrative style

This format works

better with feature
articles that
provide the time and
space for character
and story
development

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Parts of News Dos in news writing
1. Headlines 1. Omit needless words
2. By line 2. Be sparing adjectives but lavish
3. Lead paragraph 3. Beware of your special words
4. Major details 4. Simplify words
5. Minor details 5. Remember your sign-post

Kinds of lead Don’ts in news writing

1. Summary lead 1. Colloquialism
a. What lead 2. Circumlocution
b. When lead 3. Ambiguity
c. Where lead 4. Clichés
d. Who lead 5. Grandiloquence
e. How lead 6. Transitional devices (to add, to compare,
f. Why lead to prove, to show exception, to show
2. Grammatical Beginning lead time, to repeat, to emphasize, to show
a. Prepositional phrase lead sequence, to give an example, to
b. Infinitive phrase lead summarize)
c. Participial phrase lead
d. Gerundial phrase lead
e. Clause lead
3. Novelty lead
a. Ashtonisher lead
b. Contrast lead
c. Epigram lead
d. Picture lead
e. Background lead
f. Descriptive lead
g. Parody lead
h. Punch lead
i. One word lead
j. Quotation lead
k. Question lead

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Sample article:

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 3 FEATURE WRITING
 A feature story is a piece of non-fiction writing about news. A feature
story is a type of soft news. The main sub-types are the news feature
and the human-interest story. A feature story is distinguished from
other types of non-fiction by the quality of the writing

Characteristics of a Feature Types of Feature

Article 1. Informative feature
1. Variety in subject matter 2. Human interest feature
2. Variety of tones 3. News feature
3. Variety of form and style 4. Personal experience
4. Well-organized 5. Personality drawing
5. Strikes key notes in the first 6. Humorous feature
sentence 7. Interpretative feature
6. May or may not timely 8. Seasonal or holiday feature
9. Travelogue
Feature flourishes in the 10. Science and technology feature
11. Historical and cultural feature
following: 12. How-to and what-to-do feature
13. Business and development feature
1. Color
14. Lifestyle feature
2. Fancy
15. Entertainment feature
3. Wit and humor
16. Hobby feature
4. Anecdotes
17. Career feature
5. Quotations
18. Insider feature
Qualities of well-written stories
Lead can be...
1. Well-research
1. Descriptive lead
2. Catchy
2. Direct quote or a piece of dialogue
3. Descriptive
3. Startling statement
4. Exciting
4. Surprising twist
5. Reflective
5. Interesting anecdote
6. Emotional
6. Question
7. Engaging
8. Neutral
9. Thorough

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 Basic Structural Elements

Headline

Lead

"Nut graph"

Main body

Ending

Tips for Feature stories

1. Limit to 500 words or less.
2. Use facts or statistics when appropriate.
3. Use appropriate quotes
4. Consider your audience.
5. Consider the medium

Steps in Writing Feature Article

1. Choose a topic.
2. Research
3. Draft a query letter
4. Do more research
5. “Feed the computer”
6. Write
7. Revise and edit

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Sample article:

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 4 Editorial
 “An editorial is a battlefield of arguments and warzone of evidences”
(Ferdinand Bulusan)
 Are meant to influence public, opinion and promote critical thinking and
cause people to take action on an issue.
 It is concise expressions of facts and opinions or an analytical
interpretation of significant and timely topics or issue.

Concepts of Editorial
a) Editorial should be based on an issue.
b) There should be a group or cluster of minds analyzing the issue.
c) There should be a stand.
d) There should be a piece of evidence.

Characteristics of Editorial
1. It follows a pattern.
2. It simplifies the issue.
3. It provides opinion from opposing viewpoints.
4. It shows evidences delivered in a professional and formal manner.
5. It offers alternative solution.
6. It gives solid and concise conclusion

Functions of Editorial
1. To explain and interpret
2. To criticize
3. To persuade
4. To praise

Editorial Structure
1. Title – Should clearly identify the topic
2. Introduction – Includes writer’s view
3. Body – Provides supporting evidences and examples
4. Conclusion – Restates the writer’s view and provides a final appeal for the reader with
agree

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Types of Editorial
1. Editorial of Interpretation - to put news in perspective
2. Editorial of Criticism – points out news
3. Editorial of Argumentation or persuasion – argumentation and debate
4. Editorial of Commendation or Tribute – to praise worthy dead
5. Editorial of Entertainment – discuss issues lightly but often have serious point gently
and sometimes satrically
6. Editorial of Crusade – endorses a thought or course of action
7. Editorial Liners – short, witty, paragraphs, either serious or light

Duties of an Editorial
1. Presents facts honestly and fully.
2. Draw objective conclusions from the stated facts.
3. Never be motivated by personal interest.
4. Realize that he is not infallible.
5. Regularly review his/her own conclusion in the light of all motivation.
6. Have the courage of well-founded conviction of life.

Writing an Editorial
1. Pick a significant topic that has a current news angle and would interest readers.

2. Collect information and facts; include objective reporting; do research

3. State your opinion briefly in the fashion of a thesis statement

4. Explain the issue objectively as a reporter would and tell why this situation is important

5. Give opposing viewpoint first with its quotations and facts

6. Refute (reject) the other side and develop your case using facts, details, figures, quotations.
Pick apart the other side's logic.

7. Concede a point of the opposition — they must have some good points you can
acknowledge that would make you look rational.

8. Repeat key phrases to reinforce an idea into the reader's minds.

9. Give a realistic solution(s) to the problem that goes beyond common knowledge. Encourage
critical thinking and pro-active reaction.

10. Wrap it up in a concluding punch that restates your opening remark (thesis statement).

11. Keep it to 500 words; make every work count; never use "I"

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 Basic Structure

• Lead with an objective explanation

1. of the issue/controversy

• Present your opposition first

2

• Directly refute the opposition's

3 belief.

• Give other, original

4 reasons/analogies

• Conclude with some punch

5

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 5 Copy reading
 It is the art of arranging, correcting, and selectig the quality and type of
news.
 It is also called copyediting. The one who edits copies is called a
copyreader or copyeditor.
 It refers to serious and comprehensive revision of an article based on
standards of publication.
 The desk refers to the corps of editors or deskmen whose premordial job is
to clean the copies.
 It concludes everything from checking of facts, restructuring the lead,
rewriting sections to asking a writer to rework a story.
 Editing means to ensure the document makes sense, cuts down on
wordiness and clarifies and ambiguity.
 Proofreading is the process of examining the final draft of a document or
text after it has been edited.

Responsibilities of a Copy Editor

 Edits errors on grammars
 Edits errors on facts
 Edits verbose copy
 Deletes opinion or slant and libelous statements
 Writes the headline

Procedures in Copy Editing

1. Read the whole article first to determine what kind of story it is.
2. Read the article again to determine which lead paragraph is
3. Take note of errors in fact.
4. Read the story again and mark a paragraph beginning.
5. To improve the organization of the story.
6. Go over the whole story again.
7. Check the length of the story ad prepare the clean copy
8. Write a very catchy catchy and fitting headline for the story
9. The article is now ready for printing.

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 Copy Editing Symbols

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Ten Rules of Proofreading
1. Never proofread your own copy.
2. Read everything in the copy straight through from the beginning to end.
3. Read copy backward to catch spelling errors.
4. Read pages out of order.
5. Have proofreaders initial the copy they check.
6. Have someone read numbers while you check hardcopy.
7. Take short breaks so you can concentrate more clearly.
8. List errors you spot over a month.
9. Alter your routine.
10. Make your marks legible and understandable.

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Exercises:

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 6 Headline writing
 The headline or heading is the text indicating the nature of the article
below it. The large type front page headline did not come into use until the
late 19th century when increased competition between newspapers led to
the use of attention-getting headlines.
 An assemblage of words written in bigger, bolder letters thsn usual page
text as the beginning of the news.

Functions of Headline
 To attract readers
 To tell the story
 To add variety of type.
 To identify personality of newspaper
 To index or grade the news

Rules in Headline Writing

1. Use shortest word
2. Subject and verb agreement
3. Always use passive voice
4. News infinitive for future action
5. Do not put period
6. Delete articles
7. Use a comme instead of “and”
8. In assertions, do not use quoatation marks, use dash or colon
9. Do not leave a preposition at the end of the line
10. Use widely known abbreviation
11. Be positive

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 Headline Patterns
1. Cross line
ABCDEFG
HIJKLMNO
2. Dropline
ABCDEFGHI
JKLMNOPQRS
TUVWXYZ
3. Flush left
ABCDEFGH

IJKLMNOPQ

4. Flush right
DABCEGHIJ
KLMNOPQR
5. Hanging Indention
ABCDEFGHI
JKLM
NOPQ
6. Inverted pyramid
ABCDEFGHIKL
MNOPQR
STU
7. Block
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU

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 Questionaires

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Sources:
https://www.slideshare.net/nasherz1228/campus-journalism-basics

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_campus_journalism

https://www.slideshare.net/nasherz1228/campus-journalism-basics

https://www.slideshare.net/graceyarroyo/news-writing-44429221

https://www.slideshare.net/gyg66/the-structure-of-a-news-story

https://www.slideshare.net/andrew261994/types-of-news-lead

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_story

https://www.slideshare.net/PiritaJuppi/structure-of-a-feature-story

https://www.freelancewriting.com/feature-articles/writing-feature-articles-that-sell/

https://www.geneseo.edu/~bennett/EdWrite.htm

https://www.slideshare.net/kazekage15/campus-journalism-copyreading-and-headline-
writing

https://biostatmatt.com/uploads/ProofreadSymbols.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headline

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