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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the

Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

School facilities are the practice of coordination of the physical workplace

with the people and the work of the organization: it integrates the principles of

school administration, architecture and the behavioral and engineering science

(Programme in Educational Building, 2008). Educational Facilities are facilities

that help students enhance their learning capability through hands-on with the

help of provided educational equipments.

Computer and Science laboratories, libraries and etc. are some examples

of Educational Facilities which is really helpful to students particularly STEM

(Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) students to develop their

skills. Computer and Science have been relevant and useful over many years,

therefore, this emphasizes the fact that it is needed by all degree programs

especially engineering and computer related courses. Other facilities are libraries

and books that give great assistance to both the teachers and the learners. The said

facilities give teachers the opportunity to provide academic needs to students by

giving them tangible and applicable examples in line with the lesson.

The academic performance of students shows how well they perform

academically. It can be measured based on the output of the students like, written

works, quizzes, exams, and activities. In addition, there are different types of
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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

learners. First is the Visual Learners who prefer to take-in information using

charts, maps, images, etc. to understand concept and ideas. The second is the

Auditory Learners, this type of learners learn best when information is heard or

spoken. Next is, student learners who have a Reading/Writing preference who

prefer information to be presented using words. And lastly, the kinesthetic

learners who learns best when they can use tactile experiments and carry out a

physical ability to practice applying new information. This type of learners

commonly uses facilities to give students a working example of an idea or process

to explain concepts.

Facilities have a big influence on student's learning. Their academic

performance can be affected depending on the effectiveness of the educational

facilities. The condition, availability, and quality of the facilities are some of the

traits that determine the degree of effectiveness of it to the academic performance

of the students. By having a well maintained condition of educational facilities; it

gives students a good environment in learning. The availability of it gives not

only the students but also the teachers a wide option of styles or techniques in

both learning and teaching. And providing quality facilities and equipments to the

students implies quality of the education system of the school. The absence of

these given traits can negatively affect the academic performance of the students

leading to poor performance.

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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

Because of the significant relationship of the effectiveness of educational

facilities towards academic performance to students, the researchers aim to study

the degree of effectiveness of educational facilities to the academic performance

of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) students of Liceo

De San Pedro.

Statement of the Problem

The objective of this research is to determine the degree of effectiveness

of educational facilities to the academic performance of STEM (Science,

Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) students in Liceo de San Pedro. More

specifically it seeks to discover the answers to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of respondents in terms of the following:

 Gender
 Grade Level
 General Average
2. What are the qualities of an educational facility that is necessary

for it to be effective?
3. What is the relationship between educational facilities and

academic performance of STEM Students?

4. How effective is the educational facilities to the academic

performance of STEM Students?

Hypothesis
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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

Ho: There is no significant relationship between the degree of

effectiveness of educational facilities and the academic performance of the STEM

students of Liceo de San Pedro.

Conceptual Framework

This study used an evaluative conceptual framework that uses an

illustration to guide the planning, management and conduct of evaluation.

Figure 1

Input Process Output

The figure above shows that it has three parts of evaluation: Input, process

and output. These three component steps is used to define concepts needed to

achieve desired results.

Theoretical Framework
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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

Social Learning Theory

Social Learning Theory, theorized by Albert Bandura, posits that people

learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. The theory has

often been called a bridge between behaviorist and cognitive learning theories

because it encompasses attention, memory, and motivation.

Bandura (1986) believes that learning takes place in a social context; that

is through interaction. Children learn about somebody or something, from

something or somebody. Thus, this theory is commonly referred to as

observational or imitation theory. The relevant of this theory is that students learn

how to use different educational facilities and get rewarded with good results or

learning outcome.

E-learning theory

E-learning theory consists of cognitive science principles that describe

how electronic educational technology can be used and designed to promote

effective learning. The researchers of this theory started from an understanding of

cognitive load theory to establish the set of principles that compose e-learning

theory. Cognitive load theory refers to the amount of mental effort involved in

working memory, and these amounts are categorized into three categories:

germane, intrinsic, and extraneous. Mayer, Moreno, Sweller, and their colleagues

established e-learning design principles that are focused on minimizing

extraneous cognitive load and introducing germane and intrinsic loads at user-

appropriate levels. The study is related to this theory as it involves electronic

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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

educational technology in promoting effective learning, which is included in some

educational facilities specifically computer and science laboratory.

Theory of Educational Productivity

This study is anchored on Walberg’s theory of educational productivity

that was tested as one of the few theories about academic achievement. This

theory suggests that the psychological characteristics of the students and their

immediate psychological environments influence their educational outcomes

(cognitive, behavioral, and attitudinal) (Reynolds& Walberg, 1992). This is

considered as the educational process goals as well as achievement goals to

increase educational productivity. Within these approaches, the main point is that

there are circumstances that can influence student’s academic achievement.

Walberg (1986) identified nine key variables that can influence educational

outcomes: student’s ability, motivation, age and stages of development, quantity

of instruction, quality of instruction, classroom climate, home environment, peer

group, and exposure to social media outside of school.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be beneficial to the following:

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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

To the students - This study will help the students understand the significant

relationship between the effectiveness of educational facilities and their academic

performance. Through this study, they will have a proper insight on how

inadequate facilities adversely affect their academic performance.

To the teachers - The teachers will benefit from this study because they would be

able to understand the importance of proper utilization of facilities. This research

will help teachers to improve their teaching capability due to the fact that

provision of adequate infrastructure will help teachers to facilitate their teaching

process.

To the school/administration - The school would be able to identify the issues or

problems of the school facilities encountered by the students and teachers; and

would utilize the findings and recommendations of this study to find solution to

the problem of inadequate provision of facilities in the school. Thus, improving

the quality of education in the institution and meeting the curriculum standards.

To the future researchers - The study presented may be used as a reference data

by the future researchers in conducting new researches or in testing the validity of

other related findings. This study will also serve as their cross-reference that will

give them a background or an overview of the effectiveness of educational

facilities on the academic performance of students.

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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

Scope and Delimitation

The study focuses on how effective the Educational Facilities when it

comes to academic performance of the students. It also covers the significant

relationship of the two variables with each other. The researcher limited this

research to Senior High School STEM students of Liceo De San Pedro which

consists of two sections in Grade 12 namely St. Martin and St. Camillus. This

also includes the three sections of Grade 11: St. Luke, St. Matthew, and St.

Paul.

Definition of Terms

This study encountered terms that is difficult to understand which is

defined operationally, with the aim of future use to the upcoming study.

 Academic Performance - the ability in academic works. It may be either

excellent or poor performance.

 Adversely - in a way that prevents success or development; harmfully or

unfavorably.
 Cross-reference - a reference to another text or part of a text, typically

given in order to elaborate on a point.

 Facilities - materials and a place that make it possible or easier to do

something, such facilities in teaching like desks, chairs, libraries etc. for

easy learning process.

 Inadequate - lacking the quality or quantity required.
 Infrastructure - the basic physical and organizational structures and

facilities (e.g. buildings, etc)

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The Degree of Effectiveness of Educational Facilities to the
Academic Performance of STEM Students of Liceo De San Pedro A.Y. 2019-2020

 Insight - the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding

of a person or thing.
 Integrate - combining two or more things to form or create something.
 Laboratory - a room or building used for scientific or computer research,

experiments testing etc.

 Learners - students that is currently studying a specific subject.
 Physical workplace - includes components of a workplace that comprise

students’ working conditions such as clean indoor air, safe drinking water,

available technologies, workplace policies and procedures, design and

construction of the workplace.

 Provision - the action of providing or supplying something for use.
 Psychological - related to the mental and emotional state of a person.
 Relevant - applicable and important
 Tactile - related to the sense of touch; tangible
 Tangible - able to be touched or felt
 Utilization - the action of making practical and effective use of something