King Fernando

Great ruler of Berbania kingdom.

Queen Valeriana
Faithful wife of King Fernando and a loving mother to her three sons : Don Pedro, Don
Diego and Don Juan.

Don Pedro
Eldest son of the King and Queen. He is a deceitful man, very envious and greedy of
power.

Don Diego
The second son, he does not have his own decision. He follows whatever his older brother,
Don Pedro tells him to do.

Don Juan
The youngest of the siblings. He is a man of integrity and compassion. These good quality
makes him the King's favorite child.
Fertile Crescent, the region where the first settled agricultural communities of the Middle East
and Mediterranean basin are thought to have originated by the early 9th millennium BCE. The
term was popularized by the American Orientalist James Henry Breasted.
The Fertile Crescent includes a roughly crescent-shaped area of relatively fertile land which
probably had a more moderate, agriculturally productive climate in the past than today,
especially in Mesopotamia and the Nile valley. Situated between the Arabian Desert to the south
and the mountains of the Armenian Highland to the north, it extends from Babylonia and
adjacent Elam (the southwestern province of Persia, also called Susiana) up the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers to Assyria. From the Zagros Mountains east of Assyria it continues westward
over Syria to the Mediterranean and extends southward to southern Palestine. The Nile valley of
Egypt is often included as a further extension, especially since the short interruption in Sinai is no
greater than similar desert breaks that disturb its continuity in Mesopotamia and Syria.
Throughout the region, irrigation is necessary for the best agricultural results and, indeed, is
often essential to any farming at all. Radiocarbon dating has shown that incipient agriculture and
village agglomerations in the Fertile Crescent there must be dated back to about 8000 BCE, if not
earlier, and that the use of irrigation followed rapidly. The ancient countries of the Fertile
Crescent, such as Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, Egypt, and Phoenicia, are regarded as some of the
world’s earliest complex societies.
The earliest civilizations in history were established in the region now known as the Middle East
around 3500 BC by the Sumerians, in Mesopotamia (Iraq), widely regarded as the cradle of
civilization. The Sumerians and the Akkadians (later known as Babylonians and Assyrians) all
flourished in this region.
The Fertile Crescent, often called the "Cradle of Civilization", is the region in the Middle East
which curves, like a quarter-moon shape, from the Persian Gulf, through modern-day southern
Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and northern Egypt. The region has long been recognized for
its vital contributions to world culture stemming from the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia,
Egypt, and the Levant which included the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Egyptians, and
Phoenicians, all of whom were responsible for the development of civilization
The Persian Empire is the name given to a series of dynasties centered in modern-day Iran that
spanned several centuries—from the sixth century B.C. to the twentieth century A.D. The first
Persian Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great around 550 B.C., became one of the largest empires
in history, stretching from Europe’s Balkan Peninsula in the West to India’s Indus Valley in the
East. This Iron Age dynasty, sometimes called the Achaemenid Empire, was a global hub of
culture, religion, science, art and technology for more than 200 years before it fell to the
invading armies of Alexander the Great.