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Thevenin's Theorem and its Applications

Presentation · June 2017

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.27671.57768

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Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application

By

Dr G R Sinha
IEEE Senior Member & Fellow IETE
Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad
 Outline of Lecture

 Lecture Objectives
 Thevenin’s Theorem
 Examples
 Application

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 2

 Lecture Objectives

 To understand Thevenin’s theorem and simplify electrical networks

into simple equivalent circuits using the theorem.
 To study an application of the theorem.

1.5 A

5
 A
10 

20 V _+ 20  17 

B


1 An example of Network 2 Transistor Circuit

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 3

 Thevenin's Theorem
Thevenin’s theorem states that a linear and bilateral network can be
replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source VTh in
series with a resistance RTh.

where VTh is the open-circuit voltage across load terminals, and RTh is the input or
equivalent resistance at the terminals when all the independent sources are turned
off.

1 2

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 4

 Thevenin's Theorem (contd..)
Determination of RTh (Thevenin’s Resistance):
The resistance seen by the load, with removed load and all independent
sources turned off (Voltage sources replaced by short circuits & current
sources replaced by open circuits).

1
3

2
4
Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 5
 Thevenin's Theorem (contd..)
Determination of VTh (Thevenin’s Voltage):
The voltage across the load under open circuit condition, also called as
open circuit voltage.

2 3

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 6

 Example # 1

2
vOC  10V  5V  VTh
2 2

RTh  2

2 2 VTh  5V
RTh  1   2
22

2 3

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 7

 Example # 2

12  4 A

+

30 V +
_ 6 2 VX
_

1 
B

12  4 A


30 V +
_ 6 (30)(6)
VAB   10V
6  12
2 
B

12  4 A


6 RTH = 12||6 + 4 = 8 
3

B
Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 8
 Example # 3
1.5 A
1.5 A

5
5  A
 A 10 
10 

20 V _+ 20  17  20 V _+ 20 

B B



1 2

5
 A
10 

20 

B


3
4

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 9

 Example # 4
Determining the voltage drop across RL

VAB = −20 −(−12) = −8V

2 RTh = RTA + RTB = 2 + 2.4 = 4.4 Ω

1

3
4
Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 10
 Example # 5
Find the voltage across the 100  load.
IS A A
IS
 
50  40  50  40 
30  30 
_+ 86 V
100  _+ 86 V

6 IS 6 IS
1 B
2 B
 

IS A IS 1A

50  40  50  40 
30  RTH 30 
IS + 1 V 1A
6 IS 6 IS
B

3 4
50 I S  30( I S  1)  6 I S  0
 86  80 I S  6 I S  0  I S  1 A
2 VAB  6 I S  30 I S   36V IS 
15
A
43

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 11

 Example # 5 (contd..)

IS 1A
 15 
50  40  50    1(40)  V  0
 43 
30 
IS + 1 V 1A=I V  57.4 volts
6 IS V V
RTH    57.4 
I 1

5
RTH

57.4 
36 x100
V100   22.9 V
VTH +_ 36 V 100  57.4  100

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 12

 Applications of Thevenin’s Theorem

 To determine Change in Load Voltage: To predict range of load

voltage variation due to change in load resistance.

 To obtain Norton’s equivalent circuit.

 To determine Maximum power that can be transferred to Load

from the network.

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 13

 Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

Maximum power transfer from a circuit to a variable load occurs

when the load resistance equals the source resistance , RL = RTH.

i 2 2

RTh
p  i RL  VTh  RTh  RL  RL
RL This power is maximum when
VTh
p RL  0

This gives: RL  RTh

2
pmax  VTh  RTh  RL  RL RL  RTh

2
pmax  VTh  2 RTh   RTh  VTh 2 4 RTh

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017 14

 Sincere Thanks with Inspiring Equation

E= mc2
E= Excellence, m = Motivation, C =Commitment
c = 0.5 (Half hearted) E = ¼
c = 2 (Doubly enthused) E =4

Thevenin’s Theorem and its Application by G R Sinha 9th June, 2017

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