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Warranty and liability
Note The Application Examples are not binding and do not claim to be complete
regarding the circuits shown, equipping and any eventuality. The Application
Examples do not represent customer-specific solutions. They are only intended
to provide support for typical applications. You are responsible for ensuring that
the described products are used correctly. These application examples do not
relieve you of the responsibility to use safe practices in application, installation,
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described in this Application Example shall be excluded. Such an exclusion shall
not apply in the case of mandatory liability, e.g. under the German Product Liability
Act (“Produkthaftungsgesetz”), in case of intent, gross negligence, or injury of life,
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Table of contents
Warranty and liability ............................................................................................... 2
1 Description of the belt lift application ........................................................... 5
1.1 Mechanical system ............................................................................ 5
1.2 Sensor technology ............................................................................. 6
1.3 Drive train .......................................................................................... 6
2 Task................................................................................................................. 8
3 Solution........................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Overview of the solution................................................................... 10
3.2 Software functionality....................................................................... 10
3.3 Hardware and software components ................................................ 11
4 Drive Dimensioning ...................................................................................... 13
4.1 Configuring the mechanical system .................................................. 13
4.2 Selecting the geared motor .............................................................. 16
4.3 Selecting the drive ........................................................................... 24
5 Installation and commissioning................................................................... 26
5.1 Connecting-up the hardware ............................................................ 26
5.2 Basic commissioning ....................................................................... 27
5.2.1 Commissioning Wizard (offline)........................................................ 27
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3
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5 4
1
Table 1-1 Weight of the lift in kilograms depending on the maximum payload
Max. payload 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Weight of the
1800 1800 2500 4700 4700 7000 8000
lifting trolley
Counterweight 2050 2300 3500 6200 6700 9500 11000
The lift can be locked at its top and bottom holding positions using an electrical
interlocking system. The lift has usually a protective guard around it to protect
personnel.
proximity switch was used to position at the top or bottom holding position.
Faster positioning is now possible using distance measuring systems. Using a
motor encoder, the actual speed (incremental encoder) can be determined – or
using a machine encoder (absolute encoder), the actual position of the load. Linear
measuring systems such as barcodes, cable length encoders or laser measuring
systems are used as machine encoders. These can supply the actual absolute
position of the load. Faster HTL or TTL signals of the incremental encoder can be
used for closed-loop speed control. Absolute encoders with SSI or EnDat interface
are used for the closed-loop position control.
Load sensing systems are only infrequently used, as it can be assumed that
significantly fluctuating loads are generally not encountered in the automotive
industry.
1
3
2
4
One geared motor is decoupled via the coupling, and is only coupled-in if the other
motor requires service1. A motor holding brake is mandatory for
hanging/suspended loads. For safety reasons, redundant braking systems are also
used. These are equipped with an additional operating brake or safety brakes. For
lifts, the geared motor is always operated with a converter.
The motor holding brake control can be integrated in the sequence control of the
converter. This means that no additional logic has to be generated to control the
holding brakes. The converter allows variable-speed operation and starting and
stopping along defined ramps. This significantly reduces the wear on the
mechanical components. The jerk limiting protects the belt, and the motor holding
brake can always be closed when the motor shaft is stationary. Further, the
converter can generate output frequencies that are higher than the line frequency;
this means that the motor can be operated in the field weakening range to quickly
lift lights loads.
Vector control with or without motor encoder is the control mode most often used.
In addition to closed-loop speed control, closed-loop position control can also be
implemented in the drive and not in the control system (PLC). This way PLC
program capacity can be increased.
When lowering, the motor goes into the generator mode and current flows from the
motor into the converter DC link. The converter must dissipate this regenerative
energy, either using a braking resistor, or the energy can be fed back into the line
supply.
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1
For instance, a Flender ZAPEX ZWSE coupling can be used.
2 Task
The lift should be implemented corresponding to Fig. 1-1. A standard induction
geared motor with helical gearbox, motor holding brake and an HTL incremental
encoder is used. The motor should be operated with 87Hz characteristic. An
absolute encoder system is applied for closed-loop position control.
The task is described in Fig. 2-1 with the associated mechanical system – and
traversing profile data in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2.
Fig. 2-1: Description of the lift application task
3 Solution
Fig. 3-1 shows a solution tree for a lift based on SINAMICS G120 and SINAMICS
G120D, where the path marked in red is the solution that is then subsequently
described in detail.
Fig. 3-1: Solution tree for a lift based on SINAMICS G120 and SINAMICS G120D
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A SINAMICS G120 with PM250 power module for energy recovery and the
CU250S-2 Control Unit for closed-loop position control with SSI machine encoder,
HTL motor encoder and Safety Integrated are used.
In the automatic mode, the lift evaluates the status of the roller conveyor and
automatically travels to the resulting position.
If the roller conveyor is not occupied (B201), then the lift travels to the top holding
position (B204). As soon as the roller conveyor issues the "Skid in position" signal
(B202), the lift travels to the bottom holding position (B203).
If the lift travels to the bottom (N201) or top (N202) emergency end position, a fast
stop is initiated (single channel).
Limit switch S201 monitors the lift for broken belt and slack belt.
The Emergency Stop switch safely switches the drive into a no torque condition
(STO according to SIL2).
The lift can be manually moved in the manual mode. In the manual mode, the
velocity is 50% of the automatic velocity. In the manual mode, the "Move up" and
"Move down" functions are available.
The "Jog up" and "Jog down" functions are available in the setting-up mode. These
functions can be used to adjust the absolute encoder.
4 Drive Dimensioning
A description is provided below on how to dimension the mechanical system of a
lift and lay out the appropriate drive using SIZER.
Assign a name, for example "Belt lift" and select "Hoist drive". Leave the "for
converter operation" checkbox activated and then open the mechanical system.
Fig. 4-2: Add mechanical system
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Note The continuous payload is zero, as in this example, the lift only has a load when
lowering. The load when lowering is entered in the traversing profile using
supplementary weight.
Enter 4700 kg as internal mass and 6200 kg as counterweight. The diameter of the
drive wheel (drum) is 320 mm and the lift has no reeving.
Note 0.9 can be assumed as the mechanical system efficiency, if more detailed data is
not available. All additional data, if not specified any further, can be left at the
default values or zero.
Enter the values corresponding to Fig. 4-5. A cycle time of 30 s should be obtained.
Fig. 4-5: Specifying the traversing profile
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Note Please note that the weight of the vehicle body and the skid is entered here
under additional mass in the section 2 "Backward" (lowering).
Set the checkmark for "Brake during pause" if the brake should be applied during
the pause. In this case, the motor is not controlled during the pause; this has an
effect on the average operating point of the motor.
Note The braking should be applied for long pauses. If this is not done, the
temperature of self-ventilated motors will increase too high at zero speed.
Further, please note that a switch-on delay of up to one second can occur as a
result of the brake release time and motor magnetization.
The calculated maximum velocity is 33.81 m/min. Display the load torque and load
speed curve in SIZER as shown in Fig. 4-6.
Fig. 4-6: Load torque and speed curve of the mechanical system
What is worth noticing is the fact that the motor is always operated in the generator
mode. When lifting without load in the first section, the counterweight drives the
motor, and when lowering in the second section, the load drives the motor by the
same absolute value.
Assign a name to the drive system, e.g. lift drive. Select the drive system
corresponding to the path marked in red in the decision-making tree Fig. 3-1:
"Single drive", "SINAMICS G120" with PM250.
Fig. 4-8: Adding a drive system
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Then select "2KJ" motor type to select Siemens geared motors, "Vector" control
mode and "With Safety Integrated functionality". The geared motor should be
selected based on the mechanical system that has been created. Select the
created mechanical system "Lift". Confirm the selection with "OK" and the drive
dimensioning window opens.
Fig. 4-9: Selecting the mechanical system
Start with the step "Gearbox data". Here, helical gearing is already preassigned as
mounted gearbox. Keep the operation time at "24 [h/day]" to cover three-shift
operation.
Fig. 4-11: Gearbox data
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Check the values in the steps load cycle and power data and keep the utilization
at 100%.
In the Basic type specifications step, you make general statements regarding the
motor. The four-pole, self-ventilated motor should be operated with the 87 Hz
characteristic.
Note We recommend a force-ventilated motors, if during the pause, the drive should
remain in closed-loop control, and the motor holding brake should not be applied.
NOTICE Vertical axes should always be equipped with an integrated motor holding brake.
In order to minimize the load sagging/dropping in the case of a fault, the fastest
brake control should be selected using a function rectifier.
Note For safety reasons, the braking torque should as a minimum be dimensioned for
twice the rated motor torque ("M-brake/M-ref at least").
Click on the "Check all" button and filter according to the "SIMOGEAR" motor
series. Click on "Determine optimum motor" and select the displayed motor.
Fig. 4-13: Motor selection
In this particular example, the braking torque must be 80 Nm; this must correspond
to more than twice the rated torque. The converter ensures low brake wear; as a
consequence, brake type L80 with a lower work capacity can be selected.
Fig. 4-14: Selecting a brake
Check the basic motor types and select the optimum motor according to the
service factor. In this case, the required service factor is calculated from the load
classification, switching frequency and the daily operation time. SIZER retrieves
this data from the motor and load cycle data.
If the customer specifies a service factor, then this can be entered using "Specify
required service factor".
Note In the attachment under 8.1.1, selecting a gearbox for a maximum velocity
equivalent to 70 Hz is described.
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In the next step, check the motor selection based on the motor characteristic, the
average operating point and under peak load conditions.
Fig. 4-16: Checking the motor
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The selected geared motor is displayed in the last step. However, this must be
supplemented by several options before it can be ordered. To do this, open the
SIMOGEAR Configurator (here: online).
Fig. 4-17: Starting the SIMOGEAR Configurator
The cable entry of terminal box 1B should be selected corresponding to Fig. 1-2.
Select terminal box position "[M56] 1B" and the Harting EMC shielded motor plug
"HAN10E" under "Mechanical design".
Fig. 4-19: Mechanical design in the SIMOGEAR Configurator
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In Fig. 1-2 it can be seen that the geared motor has a manual release lever. Click
on the brake to select "[C02] manual release" in "[C27] 2" position.
NOTICE For lifts, do not use manual release with locking mechanism to avoid accidents
after service.
The motor encoder must now be selected. Make the selection corresponding to
Fig. 4-21. You can select the encoder cable in SIZER under accessories.
Fig. 4-21: Selecting encoder options
Finally, for the cast-iron series you must select a paint finish, which you can find
under "Additional options > Surface treatments / Conservation". Select "[L02]
Coating for normal environments C1" and the required color.
Fig. 4-22: Surface treatment/conservation
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You have selected the geared motor options, and you can return to SIZER by
clicking on "Back to SIZER". The "2KJ31111HG229AX1-Z" geared motor is
displayed with the selected options.
Note The maximum power that the PM250 power unit can feed back is the rated
power. When lowering, the maximum regenerative current is the limiting variable.
The regenerative feedback current cannot be overloaded, as is it can be done
with output current. As a consequence, a 15 kW power unit is used.
Complete the dimensioning with the output and system components, and select the
CU250S-2 PN Control Unit. The brake control module is used to control the brake
via the converter power unit. Select the "Brake Control Module 440V, standard"
and the shield connection kit. An operator panel (IOP or BOP) can be selected if
required.
Note To use the positioning functionality of the CU250S-2, a license must also be
ordered in the form of an SD card (Z option). The order number is:
6SL3054-4AG00-2AA0-Z E01.
Note Only the basic safety functions are used in this application example. The license
for the extended functions is not necessary.
You can export a parts list to Excel under "Tools -> Export parts list…". You can
find additional options under "Tools". Also export the project documentation under
"Tools -> Export project documentation…".
The project documentation serves as basis for commissioning the system. Ensure
that the commissioning engineer receives this project documentation.
Note Please refer to this Application example for a detailed description of the
configuration of the SINAMICS G120 and the S7-300, the wiring, commissioning
and access to process data and parameters.
The SSI absolute encoder is connected at the X2100 interface (Sub-D) of the
CU250S-2, see Fig. 5-2 and Table 5-1.
Fig. 5-2: Pin assignment, Sub-D DA-15 (male) for SSI encoders
Table 5-1: Pin assignment X2100 interface of the CU250S-2 for SSI encoders
2 Clock +
3 Clock -
4 Power supply referred to pin 7
7 GND, reference potential for pins 4 and 5
14 Data -
15 Data +
Note The bottom (N201) and top (N202) emergency end positions must be wired to
the drive terminals. This means that the signals are not delayed by routing them
via the fieldbus. Connect cam N201 to DI4 at terminal 16, and cam N202 to DI5
of terminal 17.
The KTY84 motor temperature sensor is wired to terminal 14 (+) and to terminal 15 (-).
The brake is controlled via digital output (DO 24) of the Control unit CU250S-2
connected to active brake rectifier and further to brake coil. Use of the active brake
rectifier allow switching of the brake with frequency up to 2,5Hz. It is recommended
to install the suppression directly at the brake.
Fig. 5-3: Brake control using the brake rectifier
To enable brake function it is necessary to set the control function of the digital
output. For the setting see chapter 5.2.2 Drive functions Fig. 5-23: Set digital output
“brake control” functionality
First, check that you have configured the correct hardware components.
Fig. 5-4: Control module and power unit
For positioning, the basic positioner function module is used in the drive in
conjunction with the CU250S-2.
Note Function modules can only be configured offline. The configuration must then be
loaded to the drive.
Activate the "Basic positioner" function module and deactivate all other function
modules if they are not required in order that the performance of the CU250S-2 is
not unnecessarily used. Set the control mode "[21] Speed control (with encoder)".
Fig. 5-6: Closed-loop control structure
The default setting of the setpoint is left at "7.) Fieldbus with data set changeover",
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The motor data is specified corresponding to an IEC motor, i.e. 50 Hz and SI units.
Load duty cycle with high overload for vector drives can be kept as power module
application.
Fig. 5-8: Drive settings
Select the motor type: "[100] 1LE1 standard induction motor" and activate "Select
standard motor from list". Then select the main MLFB of the motor and select the
motor.
Fig. 5-9: Motor
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If you cannot read the main MLFB of the induction motor from the rating plate, then
take the motor type designation from the SIZER project documentation Fig. 5-10.
You can find the main MLFB of the induction motor belonging to the SIMOGEAR
designation in the attachment, in Table 8-1.
Fig. 5-10: SIZER project documentation – SIMOGEAR motor type
Change the motor connection type to "Delta"; the motor data will then be displayed
for a Delta connection (rated voltage = 230V etc.). Set the checkmark for the 87Hz
calculation.
Fig. 5-11: Motor data
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Note If you are using a motor that is not included in the list, then from firmware 4.6 and
higher you can enter the motor data as described in this FAQ for the 87Hz
characteristic.
Select "[2] Identifying motor data (at standstill)" to precisely identify the motor data
using a stationary measurement.
Fig. 5-12: Drive functions
Potentially hazardous
Do not select a turning measurement for linear axes, such as the lift! The rotating
WARNING measurement attempts to determine the mass moment of inertia of the load and
to optimize the speed controller by accelerating the motor. To do this, the motor
must be coupled to the load. With these motion sequences, it is possible that the
mechanical limits of the machine are exceeded.
The specified current limit (150% overload) and maximum speed already refer to
the motor in a delta connection and 87Hz characteristic.
Note When using the basic positioner, the ramp-up and ramp-down times have no
effect on the traversing profile. However, faults initiate a stop response with
OFF1 and OFF3, so that the lowest possible times should be selected here.
Keep the setting "Complete calculation" for calculating the motor parameters.
Fig. 5-14: Calculating the motor data
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Note For SINAMICS drives, encoder_1 is interpreted as motor encoder, i.e. on the
motor shaft and encoder_2 as machine encoder, i.e. on load side.
For "Encoder_1", using "Select standard encoder from list" select the HTL encoder
with code number 3001 for the HTL encoder with A/B track, zero mark R and
1024 pulses per revolution. The encoder is evaluated via the terminal interface of
the CU250S-2.
Fig. 5-15: Encoder_1
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Then connect encoder_2 to the D-Sub interface for the linear encoder, and enter
the encoder data.
Fig. 5-16: Encoder_2
The linear encoder is parameterized in the following. The technical data of the
encoder are provided in the attachment2.
The SSI linear encoder has a 24 V power supply. Gray coding is used with a
resolution of 0.8 mm for a baud rate of 250 kHz. 19 bits are used with 3 filler bits
before the position and three diagnostic bits after the position. The alarm bits (bit
23) and the error bit (bit 24) are high-active. The 30 µs mono flop time is sufficient.
Fig. 5-17: User-defined linear encoder
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2
This data is based on the distance-coding system WCS3 from Pepperl+Fuchs. Other linear
encoders are possible.
Note Calculating with the independent dimension LU (Length Units) gives users the
flexibility of converting one load revolution into any dimension. For linear axes,
generally a value of between 1 mm and 1 µm per LU is used, for rotary axes,
between 1° and 1 µ° per LU.
The conversion of the shaft height in LU is shown in Fig. 5-19. With a gear ratio of
62.48, the motor rotates 6248 revolutions for 100 load revolutions. With a drum
diameter of 0.32 m, a height of π * 0.32 m equal to 1.005309 m is traveled through
for each drum revolution.
Fig. 5-19: Converting the lift height into LU
NOTICE When the fine resolution Gx_XIST2 is configured, the encoder identifies a
maximum possible absolute position actual value (r0483) that can no
longer be represented within 32 bits.
A32915 encoder 2: Configuration error" with alarm value 419. To hide the alarm,
the monitoring in P0437[1].25 must be deactivated with a value of one.
Note The linear encoder only has a 0.8 mm resolution. Therefore, for a resolution of
1 µm equal to 1 LU, it is not possible to position with micrometer accuracy.
However, for the dynamic performance of the closed-loop position control, high
values for LU per load revolution (P2506) are better. As a consequence, the
repeatable or positioning accuracy is only in the range of millimeters and not
micrometers.
Complete the commissioning with "Finish". Check the motor data for the delta
connection under "Control_Unit->Configuration".
Fig. 5-21: Motor data in the configuration after basic commissioning
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On the CU250S-2 go online, and load the data to the target device.
Fig. 5-22: Loading the configuration into the drive
Brake control
To enable brake function it is necessary to set the control function of the digital
output.
Fig. 5-23: Set digital output “brake control” functionality
Potentially hazardous
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Do not use for control of the brake the digital outputs DO 0 (as default “Fault
WARNING present”) or DO 1 (as default “Alarm present”). If assignment of the parameters
for DO 0, DO 1 would be not correct (due to first switching power on, parameter
download, reset to factory setting …), it could lead to the unwanted release of
the brake with the possibility of the lift falling down.
Parameterize the Brake Control (P1215) under "Control Unit > Functions > Brake
control" to "[1] Motor holding brake acc. to sequence control". The brake relay is
not safe in the sense that it does not supply a feedback signal for brake closed.
Therefore, select "[1] Brake control without diagnostics evaluation". The brake
opening and closing times can be found in the SIZER (see chapter 4.2 Selecting
the geared motor – Fig. 4-14: Selecting a brake
) or in Catalog “SIMOGEAR Geared Motors MD50.1” (see chapter 11/36 Motor
options > Mounted components > Brake > Technical specifications > Brake control
- Definition of switching times).
Note Round off the brake closing time to above 100 ms so that the drive remains
somewhat longer in closed-loop control, and is not deactivated before the brake
has closed.
If the load sags after opening the brake, you should adjust a torque that is
generated when opening the brake. With P2900, enter a percentage of the rated
torque when opening the brake (e.g. enter 70% of the rated torque into parameter
P2900).
Communication
Under "Control_Unit > Communication > Brake control", select standard telegram
"[111] SIEMENS telegram 111, PZD 12/12", which is generally used when
employing the basic positioner. In the transmit direction, you must still interconnect
current actual value r68 in PZD12 so that this can be read by the control system.
Fig. 5-25: PROFINET telegram selection
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When using direct setpoint input (MDI) via the fieldbus, it is not necessary to
parameterize the positioning as such. However, the absolute encoder must be
adjusted and the traversing range and traversing profile limiting, jog velocity – and
where relevant, the home position approach velocity (not necessary here) – must
be parameterized.
Limitations
Software end positions can be activated under " Control_Unit > Technology >
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Basic positioner > Limiting" in addition to the emergency end position cams. They
lie between the bottom position (B204) and bottom emergency end position (N201)
as well as top position (B205) and top emergency end position (N202). Here they
are set 10 cm behind the top or bottom position. The software limit switches are
activated via the fieldbus. The bottom emergency end position output cam, N201
(stop output cam minus) is connected to DI 4 (r722.4) and the top emergency end
position is connected to DI5 (r722.5).
Fig. 5-28: Traversing range limitation
The velocity and acceleration are entered in the traversing profile limitation. The
maximum velocity for the 87Hz characteristic on the motor side is 2610 rpm,
i.e. equal to 41995000 LU/min.
Fig. 5-29: Traversing profile limitation – max. velocity
Note
As the brake control is realized the same as the sequence control, the ramp
down time of OFF1 (P1121) and OFF3 (P1135) should be as short as possible.
In addition, for the traversing profile limitation, jerk limiting can be activated.
Fig. 5-31: Activating jerk limiting
Jogging
The jog velocity is saved under "Control_Unit > Technology > Basic positioner >
Jogging" in the drive, and must be specified as LU/min. The jog velocity should be
as low as possible so that positions can be precisely approached. Enter a velocity
of 5 m/min or 5,000,000 LU/min.
Fig. 5-32: Jogging – configuring jog setpoints
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The safety functions are parameterized under "Control_Unit > Functions > Safety
Integrated". Click on "Change settings" to start safety commissioning. Select "Basic
functions via PROFIsafe" from the drop-down field. You must then specify the
F target address of the F-CPU – here, enter C7 hex.
Fig. 5-33: Basis functions via PROFIsafe
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Click on "Copy parameters after download" and "Activate settings" one after the
other. You are prompted to assign or change a password. Copy from RAM to ROM
and switch off the power supply for the CU and on again to activate the safety
settings.
The speed controller under "Control_Unit > Open-loop/closed-loop control > Speed
controller" defines the speed at which the speed actual value tracks the speed setpoint.
Fig. 5-34: Parameterizing the speed controller
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Coarse optimization
Using the following rule of thumb, Kp can be roughly determined using the
symmetrical optimum. You start at n equal to one. If the dynamic performance is
not adequate, then you continue with n equal to two etc.
𝑇𝑛 = 4 ∙ 𝑇𝑆 (𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠) ≅ 90 − 120 𝑚𝑠
𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑟0345)
𝐾𝑃 = 𝑛 ∙ 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑛 = 1, 2, …
integral time 𝑇𝑛 (𝑃1462)
Manual optimization
Alternatively, the speed controller can be manually optimized according to the
symmetrical optimum in the following steps:
1. Increase the P gain factor Kp (P1460) until the speed actual value overshoots
the setpoint step by 4.3%. Set Tn to zero or the maximum value.
2. Then reduce integration time Tn (integral time P1462) from approx. 120 ms
until the speed actual value overshoots the setpoint step by 43%.
The system is optimized based on the step response using the control panel. Trace
the speed setpoint (r62) and the speed actual value (r61[0]). Fig. 5-35 shows the
resulting step response of the speed controller according to the symmetrical
optimum.
Fig. 5-35: Step response for various speed controller settings
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Note During the step, ensure that the drive current, torque, voltage or power is not
limited (see the next Chapter 5.3.2).
Torque precontrol
The acceleration required is obtained based on the setpoint change. The drive can
calculate the torque required from the mass moment of inertia and the acceleration.
The torque precontrol controls the torque without involving the speed controller. As
a consequence, the speed controller only has to compensate disturbing quantities,
such as oscillations caused by the belt.
As the turning measurement can usually not be carried out for the lift, the torque
precontrol must be manually parameterized. If you do not have a more precise
value, for the ratio between the total moment of inertia and the motor moment of
inertia, enter the value calculated by SIZER into P342; in this case the ratio of 3.2
(see Fig. 5-36).
Fig. 5-36: SIZER project documentation – moment of inertia ratio
Increase the scaling (P1496) of the precontrol from 50% step-by-step up to 100%.
Fig. 5-37: Torque precontrol in the speed controller
Ideally, trace the torque setpoint (r79) in a current controller clock cycle of 0.5 ms.
If, as a result of increasing the torque precontrol, the torque setpoint starts to
oscillate, increase the smoothing time constant of the torque setpoint in parameter
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P1517, e.g. to 10 ms. Fig. 5-38 shows the influence of the precontrol and the
setpoint smoothing on the torque setpoint and the speed actual value.
Fig. 5-38: Torque setpoint and speed actual value with precontrol
During optimization the power, current or torque should not reach their limits, as
indicated by r56[13]. The limiting can be deactivated under "Control_Unit > Open-
loop/closed-loop control > Torque limiting". Set the power limit motor mode in
P1530 to three times the motor power, in this case 16.5 kW. For power modules
with energy recovery, the power limit generator mode can at maximum be set to
the negative rated power of the power module, in this case -15 kW.
Fig. 5-39: Increasing the power limit
NOTICE In operation, the motor must be able to thermally withstand this load.
The setting of the position controller under "Control_Unit > Technology > Position
control > Position controller" also defines the dynamic response. An optimized
position controller quickly reaches the setpoint position without any overshoot.
Change the P gain (Kv factor [servo gain factor] P2538) from one to approx. 0.3
and keep the integral time (P2539) at zero.
Fig. 5-40: Setting the position controller
Trace the speed setpoint (EPos velocity setpoint r2666), the speed actual value
(r61.0), the torque setpoint (r79), the position actual value (r2521.0) and the
following error (r2563) analogous to Fig. 5-41. Observe as to whether the position
actual value is free of any overshoot, and whether the following error goes to zero
adequately fast.
Fig. 5-41: Position controller trace
Smooth the position setpoint by increasing the time constant of the position
setpoint filter (P2533) e.g. up to 20 – 50 ms. Increase the speed precontrol factor
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(P2534) starting at 50%, as long as the speed setpoint does not start to oscillate.
Fig. 5-42: Optimizing the position controller setpoints
Jogging
Fig. 6-2: Signal flow chart, FC201 jog mode
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Homing
Fig. 6-3: Signal flow chart, FC201 homing
Positioning
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Note Alternatively, the SICAR standard can be used, which among other things,
supplies technology blocks for the lift or roller conveyors and the associated
visualization and diagnostics.
Automatic mode
Fig. 6-5 shows the signal flow chart for lowering operation only. For lifting only
applications "SKID_IN_POSITION" signal initiates the lifting and "NO_SKID" the
lowering.
Fig. 6-5: Signal flow chart FB201 for lowering
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Fig. 6-6 shows the signal flow chart when a skid is lifted as well as lowered.
Fig. 6-6: Signal flow chart FB201 for lifting and lowering
The lift control of the FB201 is not active in the status, diagnostic and control
screens. Instead of this, the HMI variables are written or read.
Status screen
The status screen provides information about control variables (input signals of the
FC201) and state variables (output signals of the FC201). The positions are
specified in meters and the velocities in meters per minute. Acceleration and
deceleration are specified as a percentage of parameter P2572 or P2573. The
current actual value is displayed as a percentage of the reference current in
parameter P2002.
Fig. 7-2: Status screen
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Diagnose screen
The diagnose screen provides information about active faults and alarms of the
drive connected with FC201. Fault and alarm numbers are output with the
associated text. It is also displayed if STO was initiated. Active faults can be
acknowledged using the "Acknowledge" button.
Fig. 7-3: Diagnostics screen
Control screen
In the control screen, you can directly write to the FC201 interface block, i.e. the
control bypasses the lift control of FB201.
The drive is enabled using the "1" button (ON/OFF1); this is withdrawn using the
"0" button.
The motor can be jogged clockwise and counterclockwise using the "Jog Plus" and
"Jog Minus" buttons.
Homing is started by pressing the "Homing/Referencing" button. The reference
cams can be simulated using the "Cam" button. If homing was successful, then this
is displayed using the green circle next to "Homed".
Positioning is selected using the "Positioning" button. Setpoints can be entered
using the position, velocity, acceleration and deceleration input fields. The
traversing task is started by pressing the "Start" button. The "Stop" button initiates
a fast stop. The position actual value is displayed, and the green circle indicates
that the target position has been reached.
Fig. 7-4: Control screen
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Lift screen
FB201 can be operated in the lift screen. When selecting the lift type, the sequence
control in the automatic mode is defined. The automatic mode is selected using the
"Automatic" button.
"Lowering" waits in the top position for the signal SKID_ IN_POSITION", which can
be simulated using the "Loaded" button, and then starts to descend to the bottom
position. Ascent to the top position is started using the "NO_SKID" signal,
simulated using the "Empty" button.
"Lifting" evaluates the control commands ambivalently; i.e. if the skid is in position,
the lift ascends to the top position – and if the roller conveyor is free, to the bottom
position.
"Lifting and lowering" starts travel to the top or bottom position with the change
from "NO_SKID" to "SKID_IN_POSITION". If the lift is neither at the top or bottom
position after selecting the automatic mode, then "Lifting and lowering" waits for the
"MOVE_DOWN" or "MOVE_UP" signal.
In the manual mode, using the "Manual" button, the lift can be manually traversed
using the arrow buttons to either the top or bottom position. The velocity in the
manual mode is 50% (static variable SpeedFactorManual of FB201) of the velocity
in the automatic mode.
Using the "Slow" button, the velocity in the automatic and manual modes is set to
10% (static variable SpeedFactorSlow of FB201).
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You can access the setting-up screen of the lift using the "Setting up" button.
The lift screen also visualizes the actual position of the lift – whether the lift is
ascending or descending and the signals "IN_POSITION_TOP",
"IN_POSITION_BOTTOM", "LIMIT_SWITCH_TOP" and
"LIMIT_SWITCH_BOTTOM".
If lift block FB201 outputs an error at its "FAILURE" output, the background of the
lift changes to red.
Fig. 7-5: Operation of the lift block
Setting up screen
The lift can be traversed to the actual position for absolute encoder adjustment
using the "Jog Plus" and "Jog Minus" buttons in the setting up screen.
Encoder adjustment via the HMI is realized by directly accessing the drive from the
HMI; i.e. using cyclic communication between the HMI and drive.
Adjustment is still not initiated if the "Adjust" button has an orange background. The
button flashes if adjustment was initiated via the button. The button is green if the
adjustment was successful and red if it was unsuccessful.
After adjustment, the value must be written to the non-volatile memory (EEPROM)
of the drive. Click on the "Save" button. The button flashes, and turns gray as soon
as the data has been copied to the EEPROM.
If the lift is not at its future zero position, but is at a height of 1 m, for example, then
using the home position offset you can define that the actual position is not zero,
but 1,000,000 LU equal to 1 m.
The target positions as well as the associated velocity, acceleration and
deceleration must now be defined. The values are directly written to DB202, which
transfers the traversing blocks to the FB201.
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The mechanical data to convert from LU into a linear dimension include the
gearbox ratio, the length or the height per load or drum revolution and the number
of LU per meter. Fig. 7-6 describes how these values can be determined for a lift.
Fig. 7-6: Mechanical data of the lift
NOTICE After setting up, it is not permissible that data block DB202 is again loaded into
the control system. Otherwise, DB202 would be reinitialized, the data would be
lost and must be written again.
Some customers specify that the motor is operated with a maximum speed
corresponding to a frequency of 70Hz. For the 2KJ3211 motor that we have
selected, from the rated speed at 50Hz of 1465 rpm, a maximum speed of 2051
rpm at 70Hz (1465 * 70 / 50) is obtained. However, with the ratio of the Z129
gearbox, the speed is 2101 rpm. Select another gearbox, for example the D129.
Fig. 8-1: Select the next gearbox type
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Check the maximum speed by clicking on the lightbulb in the motor check step.
Test the other gearbox by clicking on the gearbox plus symbol.
Fig. 8-2: Checking the gearbox data
In this case, you must select the D149 gearbox with the lowest ratio.
Fig. 8-3: Displaying the maximum speed
2. Line supply
CU250S-2 PN
Order designation 6SL3246-0BA22-1FA0 For the device configuration
Fail-safe version Yes
Communication system PROFINET IO
Encoder evaluation required HTL/TTL
Digital inputs 11
Digital outputs 3
PTC/KTY inputs 1
Analog Inputs 2
Analog outputs 2
Intelligent Operator Panel 6SL3255-0AA00-4JA1
Shield connection kit 6SL3264-1EA00-0LA0
Brake control module 440V, standard 6SL3252-0BB00-0AA0
Power unit
Order designation 6SL3225-0BE31-1AA0 For the device configuration
Degree of protection IP20
Internal filter A
Power unit/ambient conditions
Installation altitude 1000 m
Ambient temperature 40 °C
Power unit/catalog data
Rated power 15.00 kW
Rated current 32.00 A
Frame size C
Pulse frequency, factory setting 4000 Hz
Energy-efficiency class -
Power unit/data – load specific
Available current 32.00 A
Maximum current available 52.00 A
2.2.2. Motor
2.2.2.2. Characteristic
[Nm] Betrag des
Motormoments
80 Kippmoment
abzüglich
Sicherheitsabstand
60
Drehmoment
Spitzenlast
40
relev . Lastmoment
bei Ef f ektiv strom
20
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 [1/min]
-20 -1000
-40 -2000
-60 -3000
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 [s]
The data in the table do not take into account any rounding off.
Traversing profile data as individual traversing segments:
Type Duration [s] n start n-end M start [Nm] M end [Nm] M start [Nm] M end [Nm] Holding brake
[rpm] [rpm] without J without J with J motor with J motor
motor motor
- 1.12702 0.00 2101.32 -20.41 -20.41 -15.14 -15.14 No
- 7.74597 2101.32 2101.32 -32.89 -32.89 -32.89 -32.89 No
- 1.12702 2101.32 0.00 -45.36 -45.36 -50.63 -50.63 No
- 5.00000 0.00 0.00 -41.86 -41.86 -41.86 -41.86 Yes
- 1.12702 0.00 -2101.32 17.06 17.06 11.78 11.78 No
- 7.74597 -2101.32 -2101.32 32.89 32.89 32.89 32.89 No
- 1.12702 -2101.32 0.00 48.72 48.72 53.99 53.99 No
- 5.00000 0.00 0.00 41.86 41.86 41.86 41.86 Yes
Properties:
Take into account friction using control at standstill Yes
Take into account mechanical limit values No
Take into account rounding No
-Jerk limiting No
--Mech. use limit values as input values No
-Rounding time No
Cycle: 30.00000 s
Traversing profile data as trapezoidal/delta:
Section 1 Section 2
Inputs s,ab,av,t->v s,ab,av,t->v
Direction Forward, up Backward, down
Input values
Traversing distance m 5.000000 5.000000
Traversing time s 10.00000 10.00000
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Accelerating time s
Deceleration time s
Pause time s 5.00000 5.00000
Velocity m/s
Acceleration m/s² 0.50000 0.50000
Deceleration m/s² 0.50000 0.50000
Load values
Additional force N
Additional mass kg 3000.000
Additional only for No No
constant-velocity travel
Brake during pause Yes Yes Brake must be closed
during pauses
Values reached
Max. velocity m/min 33.81 33.81 Setpoint speed for the
control module
Notice: Adapt the jog
and reference
velocities regarding
this
Max. acceleration m/s² 0.50000 0.50000 P2572 in LU/s²
Max.deceleration m/s² 0.50000 0.50000 P2573 in LU/s²
Traversing time s 10.00000 10.00000
~ Acceleration s 1.12702 1.12702
~ Constant velocity travel s 7.74597 7.74597
~ Deceleration s 1.12702 1.12702
Jerk limiting
Max. acceleration jerk m/s³
Max. deceleration jerk m/s³
Max. acceleration m/s²
Max.deceleration m/s²
0,20 0,20
0,00 0,00
-0,20 -0,20
-0,40 -0,40
-0,60 -0,60
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 [s]
[m] [m/s] Wegv erlauf
Geschwindigkeitsv erlauf
5,0 0,40
4,0 0,20
3,0 0,00
2,0 -0,20
1,0 -0,40
0,0 -0,60
[s]
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3000 20
2000 10
1000 0
0 -10
-1000 -20
-2000 -30
-3000 -40
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 [s]
3.1.1. Lowering_2_positions_3000kg
5. Parts list
Item Quantity Order designation Product
• Drive system/line supply
10 1 6SL3203-0BD23-8SA0 Filter Class B
20 1 3RV1031-4HA10 Circuit breaker
30 3 3NA3814 Fuse
40 1 6SL3246-0BA22-1FA0 CU; CU250S-2 PN
50 1 6SL3255-0AA00-4JA1 Intelligent Operator Panel
60 1 6SL3264-1EA00-0LA0 Shield connection kit
70 1 6SL3252-0BB00-0AA0 Brake control module 440V, standard
80 1 6SL3225-0BE31-1AA0 Power unit; PM250; 15.00 kW; 32.00 A; -
90 1 6SL3262-1AC00-0DA0 Screening kit
100 1 6FX5002-2CA12-1BA0 Signal cable; MOTION CONNECT 500 (permanently routed);
10.00 m
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110 1 6FX5008-1BB31-1BA0 Power cable to the motor MOTION CONNECT 500, by the meter
(permanently routed); 10.0 m
120 1 2KJ3111-1HG22-9AX1-Z Induction geared motor (2KJ)
B22 + C06 + C47 + C60 + N6A
+ P91 + C02 + C27 + D01 +
K03 + K06 + L02 + L75 + M16
+ M56 + N06 + N18 + Q47
Legend
► Please note:
The overload capability when dimensioning according to the load characteristic (e.g. load cycle with a
constant switch-on the duration), this refers to the brief overload at the motor that is required.
Configuring/engineering based on the actual application is required for longer or cyclic overload
conditions.
For "basic motor selection without configuring the load", depending on the selected drive and version
(DC link, control mode and modulation depth), the rated data referred to 400/460 V are not reached.
Please take this into account when selecting/using the motor.
6. General notes
The overload capability when dimensioning according to the load characteristic (e.g. load cycle with a
constant switch-on the duration), this refers to the brief overload at the motor that is required.
Configuring/engineering based on the actual application is required for longer or cyclic overload
conditions.
For "basic motor selection without configuring the load", depending on the selected drive and version
(DC link, control mode and modulation depth), the rated data referred to 400/460 V are not reached.
Please take this into account when selecting/using the motor.
If only the type designation of the geared motor is known, using the following table
the main MLFB of the standard induction motor can be determined. This can be
specified in STARTER.
Table 8-1: Converting the type designation of the geared motor (obtained from SIZER) to the main MLFB
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3
Based on Pepperl+Fuchs WCS3B distance-coding system
Fig. 8-4: Position actual value steps (r497[1]) as a result of mechanical play of the read head
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9 Checklist
The checklist serves as basis to pre-clarify the application with the customer or
internally in the relevant project phase.
Table 9-1: Checklist, drive concept
Question Answer
1. Distributed drive system in IP65 or central drive in IP20 for installation in a
cabinet?
2. Drive with energy recovery (regenerative operation) or with braking module
and braking resistor?
3. Positioning using proximity switches with rapid traverse/crawl switchover or
using position control?
3.1 Are the proximity switches evaluated in the drive or in the control system?
3.2 Position control in the drive (EPos) or in the control system (e.g. using a
technology object)?
3.2.2 Interface format of the position encoder? (SSI, EnDat, HTL, TTL, DRIVE
CLiQ, Profinet etc.)
3.2.4 Is the encoder for the position control on the load side – or is it mounted
on the motor shaft?
Table 9-4: Checklist for dimensioning the drive (supplement to the drive concept)
Question Answer
1. With or without line filter, filter Class A, B or C2, C3?
2. Line reactor required and/or permissible?
3. Output reactor or sine-wave filter required?
4. Motor cable length? Shielding? Cable cross-section?
5. Brake control using the drive sequence control – and therefore using a brake
relay with control via the power unit?
6. Required I/O quantity structure?
7. Safety control via PROFIsafe or safety-related digital inputs?
8. Licensing for extended safety or positioning function?
9. With repair switch?
10. Combination encoder with HTL-SSI-Y adapter and combination encoder
cable?
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10 References
Table 10-1
Topic Title
\1\ Siemens Industry http://support.automation.siemens.com
Online Support
\2\ Download page of https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/1029507
the article 03http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/view/en/102950703
characteristic for 3
third-party motors
\10\ Information sheet, http://www.dguv.de/medien/fb-
axes subject to holzundmetall/publikationen/infoblaetter/infobl_deutsch/005_v
the force of ertikalachsen.pdf
gravity DGUV, Edition 09/2012, No. 005
11 Contact person
Siemens AG
Industry Sector
I DT MC PMA APC
Frauenauracher Strasse 80
D - 91056 Erlangen, Germany
E-mail: tech.team.motioncontrol@siemens.com
12 History
Table 12-1
Version Date Revision
V1.0 11/2014 First Edition
V1.1 04/2018 Corrected description of brake control wiring and
parametrization (chapters: 5.1, 5.2.2 )