Lanao del Sur

Lanao del Sur (Maranao and Iranun: Pagabagatan Ranao), officially

the Province of Lanao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines
located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (BARMM). The capital is the city of Marawi, and it borders
Lanao del Norte to the north, Bukidnon to the east, and
Maguindanao and Cotabato to the south. To the southwest lies
Illana Bay, an arm of the Moro Gulf.

Situated in the interior of Lanao del Sur is Lanao Lake, the largest in
Mindanao. The Darangen Epic Chants of the Maranao of Lanao del
Sur is inscribed as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage since
2008. The town of Tugaya is also recognized as a UNESCO Home
for Culture and Heritage. The Craftsmanship of the people of Tugaya
was formally requested by UNESCO to be included in the UNESCO
Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2014 once proper
documentation from the Philippine government has been
completed. Furthermore, scholars have been pushing for the
inclusion of the Torogans of Lanao in the UNESCO World Heritage
List. Two torogans are currently being
Lanao del Sur
campaigned to be put back in Lanao del Sur
Province
as they have been moved to Bataan, 1,644.1
Province of Lanao del
km away via land-sea transport, by the
Sur
controversial Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar
company.[3]
Flag Seal

Etymology
"Lanao" means "lake", derived from ranao. The
province, situated at basin of Lake Lanao, is
known as the land of the "Maranaos" (which
means "the "people of the lake").[4]

History Location in the

Philippines
Pre-Islamic Era Coordinates: 7°55′N
124°20′E
Prior to the arrival of Islam, the region already
Country Philippines
had a sophisticated culture, as embodied in
Region Bangsamoro
various Maranao epics, chants, and recorded
Autonomous
history. The people of Lanao used to adhere
Region in
to Hinduism, polytheist animism, and Muslim
Buddhism. During this era, various cultural Mindanao
icons developed, such as the torogan, the (BARMM)
singkil dance, the darangen epic, the unique Founded 1959
Capital Marawi
Maranao gong and metal craft culture, the
Government
sarimanok, the okir motif, and an indigenous
 • Type Sangguniang
suyat script.[5][6]
Panlalawigan

 • Governor Mamintal
Sultanate of Lanao Alonto
Adiong,
Lanao was first explored by the Spaniards in Jr.
1689, upon which they discovered a well- (Liberal

settled community named Dansalan at the Party)

lake's northern end. Lanao was the seat of the  • Vice Mamintal
Governor Alonto
Sultanate of Lanao.[4]
Adiong Jr.
(Liberal
During the Pre-Spanish time, there are 4
Party)
important boundaries hold the power of
Area[1]
appointing a new sultan namely: Bakayawan,
 • Total 3,872.89 km2
Dalama, Madamba and Sawer. In appointing a
(1,495.33 sq m
new sultan the permission of these four
Area rank 33rd out
boundaries are needed to validate the new
of 81
sultan appointed to his position.
Highest elevation 2,815
(Mount Ragang) (9,23
World War II Population (2015
census)[2]

 • Total 1,045,429
In 1942, it was occupied by the Japanese  • Rank 24th out
of 81
Imperial Forces who landed in Southern
 • Density 270/km2
Lanao. On May 2, 1942, the former Chief
(700/sq mi)
Justice of the Supreme Court of the
 • Density rank 32nd
Philippines Jose Abad Santos was killed by
out of
the Japanese Imperial forces in a firing squad 81
at Malabang, Lanao del Sur. In 1945, the first Divisions
of the liberation forces landed in Southern
 • Independent cities 0
Lanao and liberated the area with United
 • Component 1
States, Philippine Commonwealth troops cities Maraw
together with the Maranao guerrilla units.
They used infantry weapons, the Maranao  • Municipalities 39
Kris, Barong and Kampilan swords against the Bac
Japanese forces in the Battle of Lanao. Kala
Bala
In 1956, Republic Act No. 1552 changed the Bali
name Dansalan to Marawi, taken from the Bay

word rawi, referring to the reclining lilies Bini

Bua
abundant in the Agus River.[7]
Bun
Bub
Bum
But
Cala
Lanao province map in 1918 Dits
Ram
Division Gan
Kap
In 1959, Lanao was divided into two Kap
provinces, Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur, Lum
Bay
under Republic Act No. 2228. Marawi was
Lum
designated as the capital of Lanao del Sur.[8]
Una
The city was renamed the "Islamic City of Lum
Marawi" in 1980, and is currently the Lum
Philippines' only city having a predominantly Mad
Muslim population.[4] Mad
Mag
Mal
Proposed Maranaw province
Mar
In 1971, Republic Act No. 6406, which sought Mar

to create a new province out of eastern Lanao Mas

Mul
del Sur (now corresponding to the province's
Pag
first congressional district), was approved on
Piag
October 4, 1971. The province was to consist Pico
of the municipalities of Bubong, Ditsaan- Poo
Ramain (including what is now Buadiposo- Bay

Buntong), Kapai, Lumba-Bayabao (including Pua

Sag
what is now Maguing), Marantao, Masiu,
Sult
Mulondo, Saguiaran, Piagapo, Poona
Dum
Bayabao, Tamparan, Taraka and Wao Tag
(including what is now Bumbaran), with the Tam
chartered city of Marawi serving as the new Tara

provincial capital.[9] The division never took Tub

Tug
place due to the declaration of Martial law in
Wao
the Philippines on September 21, 1972, which
disrupted the elections for 1973.

Joining the ARMM  • Barangays 1,159

 • Districts 1st and

In a 1989 plebiscite, Lanao del Sur voted to 2nd
join the Autonomous Region of Muslim districts
Mindanao (ARMM), but Marawi City elected to of Lanao
del Sur
remain outside ARMM.[4] It later joined ARMM
Time zone UTC+8
in 2001 following the plebiscite that sought to
(PHT)
expand the autonomous region.
ZIP code 9300–
The Battle of Marawi began and ended in 9321,
9700–
2017. The battle was against ISIL-affiliated
9716
militants, a number of which where Malaysian
IDD : area code  +63 
citizens. The battle destroyed most of the
(0)63
cityscape of Marawi City and killed hundreds
ISO 3166 PH
of civilians and Filipino soldiers.
code

A petition was released in support for the Spoken Maranao •

languages Iranun •
usage of the torogan as inspiration for the
rehabilation of Marawi after the Battle of
Marawi. The petition was released in Cebuano •
Income 1st
English
opposition to the possible Manila
classification class
Rehabilation Effect that the government plans
to impose. The Manila-style rehabilation
would establish shanty shouses and buildings without Maranao
architectural styles, thus destroying Marawi's Maranao cultural
skyline. The petition advocates a Warsaw-style Rehabilation Effect,
where the culture and styles of a particular area is used as
foundation for rehabilitation of built heritage and landscape. Among
the local architectural styles that may be used under the Warsaw-
style are the okir, sarimanok, and inspirations from the torogan. The
Warsaw-style is also foreseen to boost tourism in the city in the
long-run due to the cultural aesthetics it would bring.

Governors after People Power Revolution 1986

1986, 1988–1992, Saidamen Balt Pangarungan
1992–1995, Saaduddin Alauya (Acting Governor)
1995–1998, Mahid Mutilan
1998–2001, Mahid Mutilan
2001–2004, Mamintal A. Adiong, Sr.
2004–2007, Mamintal A. Adiong, Sr.
2004–2007, Aleem Basher Dimalaang Manalao
 2007-2016, Mamintal Alonto Adiong Jr.
2016- present, Soraya Alonto Adiong

Geography

Satellite view of Lanao Lake, situated entirely within the province

Lanao del Sur forms the western portion of Northern Mindanao. It is

bounded on the north by Lanao del Norte, on the east by Bukidnon,
on the west by Illana Bay, and on the south by Maguindanao and
Cotabato. The landscape is dominated by rolling hills and valleys,
placid lakes and rivers.

Located within the province is Lanao Lake, the second largest in the
country, its waters drained by the Agus River which eventually
empties into the Iligan Bay.[4]

The climate in the province is characterized by even distribution of

rainfall throughout the year, without a distinct summer season. The
province is located outside the typhoon belt.[4]

Administrative divisions
Lanao del Sur comprises 39 municipalities and 1 city.

Political divisions

 †  Provincial capital and component city

     Municipality
 City or ±%
District[10] Population Area[10
municipality[A] p.a.

(2015)[2] (2010)[11] km2 sq m

Amai
Manabilang 1st 1.0% 10,401 8,734 3.38% 544.10 210.08
(Bumbaran)

Bacolod-
Kalawi 2nd 2.0% 20,841 18,555 2.24% 491.57 189.80
(Bacolod-Grande)

Balabagan 2nd 2.6% 26,819 25,139 1.24% 230.00 88.80

Balindong
2nd 2.8% 29,180 26,007 2.22% 453.94 175.27
(Watu)

Bayang 2nd 2.3% 23,965 21,472 2.11% 230.00 88.80

Binidayan 2nd 2.1% 22,079 19,493 2.40% 280.00 108.1

Buadiposo-
1st 1.5% 16,130 15,662 0.56% 215.00 83.0
Buntong

Bubong 1st 2.1% 22,336 19,455 2.66% 798.50 308.30

Butig 2nd 1.8% 19,302 16,642 2.86% 331.49 127.99

Calanogas 2nd 1.3% 13,750 11,988 2.65% 195.00 75.29

Malabang 2nd 4.2% 43,957 38,724 2.44% 198.10 76.49

Marantao 1st 3.2% 32,974 28,550 2.78% 660.00 254.83

Marawi † 1st 19.3% 201,785 187,106 1.45% 87.55 33.80

Marogong 2nd 2.0% 21,319 18,541 2.69% 365.00 140.93

Masiu 1st 2.8% 29,176 25,181 2.84% 170.00 65.64

Mulondo 1st 1.5% 16,067 14,065 2.57% 458.67 177.09

Pagayawan
2nd 1.3% 13,139 11,349 2.83% 218.00 84.17
(Tatarikan)

Piagapo 1st 2.4% 25,440 21,974 2.83% 340.07 131.30

Picong (Sultan
2nd 1.6% 16,615 14,136 3.12% 280.00 108.1
Gumander)

Poona
1st 2.1% 22,227 19,229 2.80% 242.34 93.57
Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas 2nd 1.2% 12,866 11,163 2.74% 182.89 70.6

Saguiaran 1st 2.4% 24,619 22,673 1.58% 51.35 19.83

Sultan 2nd 1.1% 11,298 10,522 1.36% 275.80 106.49
Dumalondong

Tagoloan II 1st 1.1% 11,169 9,843 2.44% 362.35 139.90

Tamparan 1st 2.5% 25,874 22,367 2.81% 170.00 65.64

Taraka 1st 2.3% 23,644 20,881 2.39% 435.40 168.1

Tubaran 2nd 1.4% 14,749 12,933 2.53% 435.00 167.95

Tugaya 2nd 2.3% 23,814 22,235 1.31% 155.10 59.88

Wao 1st 4.4% 45,862 40,479 2.41% 485.24 187.35

Total 1,045,429 933,260 2.18% 13,494.37 5,210.2

A.
B. ^

(Italicized entries indicate the generic location. Otherwis

Demographics
 Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1990 599,982 —    
1995 686,193 +2.55%
2000 800,162 +3.35%
2007 1,138,544 +4.98%
2010 933,260 −6.98%
2015 1,045,429 +2.18%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[2][11][12]

The population of Lanao del Sur in the 2015 census was 1,045,429
people,[2] with a density of 270 inhabitants per square kilometre or
700 inhabitants per square mile.

The majority of people in the province are Maranaos,[4] with some

and Cebuanos, Zamboangueños, Tausugs, Yakans, and Sama.

Maranao is the most commonly spoken language in the province.[4]

Iranun is the native language of most of the inhabitants of the
municipality of Kapatagan. Hiligaynon is the majority language in
the municipality of Wao. Also spoken are Cebuano, Maguindanao,
and Chavacano, followed by English and Arabic.

Religion
Most of the people of Lanao del Sur are predominantly practitioners
of Islam,[4] majority of them are Sunni.

Schools/universities
Dansalan College
Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College
Gandamatu Private Hospital, located in Macadar (Patka Apo)
Lanao Agricultural College (LAC), located in Lumbatan
Mindanao State University (Main Campus)
Jamiatu Muslim Mindanao (Arabic - English)
Tamparan Populace Islamic College (TPIC)
Philippine Muslim Teachers' College (PMTC)
Philippine Ingerated School Foundation Inc. (PISFI)

UNESCO Designations in Lanao del Sur

UNESCO has inscribed one Maranao element, the Darangen Chants
of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao, in the Representative List of
the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008. The element
was earlier inscribed in the UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of
Humanity Representative List in 2005. The organization has also
designated the Old Town of Tugaya as a UNESCO Home for Culture
and Heritage. UNESCO has recommended for the nomination of
Tugaya and all of Lanao del Sur's traditional crafts heritage in
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,
following reports made in 2014 and 2015. The Philippine
ambassador to UNESCO and France noted that it will be better to
inscribe Maranao's traditional crafts in the List of Intangible Cultural
Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding as they have been
endangered due to the 2017 Battle of Marawi. The nomination is
being finalized by the Philippine government, as announced in 2018.
The torogans of Lanao are also recommended by UNESCO to be
nominated in the World Heritage List once proper documentation
and restoration has been completed. Two torogans have been
bought by a controversial heritage resort company, Las Casas
Filipinas de Acuzar, and were transported to Bataan, sparking a
provincial campaign to get back the two royal houses to their
ancestral homeland.[13]

Hospitals
Amai Pakpak Medical Center
Former Libyan Hospital
Dr. Abdullah Hospital

References
1. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Department of
Agriculture: Lanao del Sur Archived 2015-01-19 at the
Wayback Machine (There are major discrepancies among
authoritative sources: 4121.3 km² (NAMRIA); 1,349,437 ha
(NSCB, this value seems unreasonable and must be assumed
as erroneous, see Talk:Lanao del Sur#Area))
2. Census of Population (2015). Highlights of the Philippine
Population 2015 Census of Population . PSA. Retrieved
20 June 2016.
3. "Darangen Epic of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao" . United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO). 2005. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
4. Lancion, Jr., Conrado M.; cartography by de Guzman, Rey
(1995). "The Provinces; Lanao del Sur". Fast Facts about
Philippine Provinces (The 2000 Millennium ed.). Makati, Metro
Manila, Philippines: Tahanan Books. pp. 94–95. ISBN 971-630-
037-9. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
5. http://ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-
cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/central-
cultural-communities/the-history-of-the-muslim-in-the-
philippines/
6. http://www.choosephilippines.com/go/history-and-
culture/5772/wildflower-maja-salvador-singkil-lanao-del-sur
 7. "Republic Act No. 1552 - An Act to Amend the Charter of the
City of Dansalan So as to Change Its Name to Marawi and
Make Elective Its Mayor, Vice Mayor and Councilors, and for
Other Purposes" . Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved
25 December 2015.
8. "Republic Act No. 2228 - An Act to Create the Provinces of
Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur" . Chan Robles Virtual Law
Library. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
9. "Republic Act No. 6406 - An Act Dividing the Province of Lanao
del Sur into the Province of Maranaw and Lanao del Sur" . Chan
Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
10. "Province: Lanao del Sur" . PSGC Interactive. Quezon City,
Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January
2016.
11. Census of Population and Housing (2010). Population and
Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions,
Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities (PDF). NSO. Retrieved
29 June 2016.
12. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "ARMM –
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao" . Total Population by
Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved
29 June 2016.
 13. https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/105391/art-installations-
inaugurate-art-space-at-controversial-acuzar-heritage-resort-in-
bataan/

External links
Media related to Lanao del Sur at Map all coordinates
Wikimedia Commons using:
OpenStreetMap  
Geographic data related to Lanao del Sur
at OpenStreetMap
Download
Philippine Census Information coordinates as:
Local Governance Performance KML  · GPX

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