Gurbani Ucharan Course Module 1 618072011 Part 1 Part 2 With Cover 1

gurbwxI aucwrx (Gurbani Ucharan)
A Comprehensive Course in Understanding
the Principals of Gurbani Reading

A SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
PUBLICATION
Åsiqgur pRswid]
u bwxI ac
gr u wrx
GURBANI UCHARAN
(A Comprehensive Course in Gurbani Pronunciation )
Prepared & Published by:

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO
“Aayoo sunan paren ko Bani”
The mortal has come to this world to hear and utter the Guru’s word.
In 1708, our beloved 10th Master Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, blessed us with an everlasting gift of
life - DHAN SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI.
The alphabet, content and the message of the one Almighty was presented to us directly by our
Gurus. Sikhs are truly blessed with an original and authentic source.
Gurbani is our Guru. Reading and understanding His message is our first step towards knowing
our Guru.
The Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Trust was specifically set-up to address this need - to
develop a systematic modular method for Gurmat Studies that helps bring Gurbani to everyone.
Today, the Academy brings to you a systematic and comprehensive Gurmat education syllabus
organized in a modular format, tailored to today’s lifestyle.
The Academy’s programs are designed with the aim of developing learned Sikhs who will be able
to read and understand Gurbani, have pride in their rich heritage and celebrate the greatness of
the Sikh religion.
The Academy currently offers the following courses:
• Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course

• Gurmukhi Reading Course
• Gurbani Foundation Course
• Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course
• Advance diploma in Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course
Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course

This course is designed for adults. Using speed learning techniques and the phonics method, a
beginner with no previous knowledge of the Gurmukhi alphabet is taught to read Sri Japji Sahib
over a period of 12 hours. The course is conducted over a period of 12 weekends. This method has
been tried and tested and over 1,100 students, with little or no knowledge of Gurmukhi, were able
to read Sri Japji Sahib in front of the entire congregation. !!!
Gurmukhi Reading Course

This course is presented to students who have successfully completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3-
months and for those who wish to improve their fluency reading in Gurmukhi.
Gurbani Foundation Course

Designed for individuals with basic and intermediate knowledge of Gurmukhi, this course is to
introduce foundation knowledge for the reading of Gurbani. This is an interactive course that
works on developing confidence and interest of the participant. The focus will be on the
pronunciation of alphabets, practice of muharni and understanding Gurmukhi phonics.
With only 12 hours of investment over 6 weeks, the student will be able to read fluently Sri Japji
Sahib, Anand Sahib, Kirten Sohila, Dekhni Ongkaar, Vaar (Majh & Ramkali), Bhagat Bani,
Sehaskriti and Gatha. In addition, short sakhis from the live of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji will be
shared with the students.
Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course
This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge on the reading and deeper
understanding of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji as well as an in-depth history of the Bhagats and Gurus.
• SGGS reading – provide the essential techniques and knowledge in reading Gurbani with
proper pronunciations and punctuations. The subject is delivered over 8-volumes which
covers Ang 1 to Ang 1430 of Sri Guru Granth Granth Sahib Ji, with guided notes on
pronounciation and punctuations. The delivery adopts a collective interactive method to
encourage students to read in a group and thereby improve by listening. Includes a line-by-
line English Translation based on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji translation with added information
in simple day to day English language
• Understanding Gurbani – uses a contemplative learning method to enhance the understanding

by describing the word, adding on the line-by-line approach and the entire shabad’s
conceptual meaning. Includes learning the historical facts to when Gurbani was recited.
• Sikh History – adopts inventive (resourceful) method which emphasises the learning of Sikh
history including major milestones that helped shape the course of the Sikh religion. The
syllabus contains various authentic historical references
Advance Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course

This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge in relation to the following:
• Gurbani Pronounciation
• Gurbani Kav
• Gurbani Viakaran
• Gurbani Raag
The above is delivered over 2 years, through 4 semesters.
The course is conducted over 4 years, divided into 8 semesters (17 weeks per semester) = 48
months = 128 weeks = 256 hours only
All these courses provide a means for Sikhs to understand their religion, learn about their heritage
and most importantly, connect us with the Almighty
Currently, over 1,000 students are pursuing this course at our Academy Centers
A must for every Sikh who wants to know his Guru and HIS divine philosophy that today stands
as an example before the world.
The syllabus is prepared by Sikh Scholars based on universally accepted references within the Sikh
Diaspora.
To-date the Academy has received the following accrediation:
Nov 2006 -Singh Sahib Giani Jaswinder Singh Ji - Head Granthi of Sri Harminder Sahib,
Amritsar, approves & releases the Academy’s syllabus.
Mar 2007 -Takht Sri Harminder, Patna Sahib gives official recognition (Perman Petar) to the
Academy, endorses Academy’s materials and appoints Bhai Paramjit Singh Ji as
Jatherdar.
Dec 2008 -Singh Sahib Bhai Gurbachan Singh Ji, Jatherdar of Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, grants
Akal Takhat Sahib’s official recognition (Perman Petar) to the Academy
Dec 2010 -Singh Sahib Giani Balwant Singh, Nandgarh - Jatherdar, Takhat Damdama Sahib,
Sabo Ki Talwandi, endorses Academy's work and materials.
Dec 2010 -Singh Sahib Giani Kulwant Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib,
Nanded.
Jun 2011 -Singh Sahib Giani Tarlochan Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sri Keshgarh Sahib, Sri
Anandpur Sahib (Ropar), endorses Academy's work and materials.
These courses are now offered in Malaysia, Thailand and Australia with ongoing deliberations for
set in India, Indonesia, New Zealand and United Kingdom, in collaboration with local Gurdwaras
and Sikh Societies.
Join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to read Gurbani, understand Gurbani and learn the
History of our Gurus. It is the divine route towards a spiritual enlightened life which gives a
precise meaning to life by which the reality of truth is understood through our eternal Guru. This
will lead us to a blissful, contented, merciful, faithful and meaningful life.
The entire syllabus is prepared based on globally accepted references within Sikh communities
across the globe.
Academy Centres
Malaysia
Currently, over 800 students are attending these courses at the Academy’s headquarters in Wisma
Tatt Khalsa, Kuala Lumpur and 28 centres all over Malaysia. The age group of the students ranges
from as young as 5 to 70-years old. Here you will see families coming together once a week to
attend classes, thus encouraging family bonding in accordance to the famous phrase - “A family
that prays together stays together” (in this case learns Gurbani together).
Bangkok, Thailand
December, 2008 saw the Academy branching out to Bangkok, Thailand. We currently have close
to 150 students who are currently undertaking the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months, Gurbani
Foundation Course and the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Diploma course.
Australia
In April 2009, His Excellency Singh Sahib Gyani Gurbachan Singh Ji, the Jathedar of Sri Akaal
Takhat Sahib, Amritsar launched the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy centres in Melbourne,
Sydney, Brisbane and Adelaide.
In September 2009, Mr John Brumby, the Victorian Premier launched the commencement of
classes in Blackburn Gurdwara, Melbourne.
We currently have four centers with active classes in Melbourne, Brisbane, Gold Coast,
Woolgoolga and Murwillumbah. The other centers are expected to commence classes soon once
the logistic matters are sorted.
Do join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to develop your spiritual interest. Learn to read
Gurbani and relate it with the history of our Gurus, in order to have a better understanding of
Gurbani. It is through Gurbani that we learn to live a more virtuous life. It is the divine route
towards a spiritually enlightened life by which the reality of truth is realized through our eternal
Guru. This is the true path to a blissful, contented, merciful and meaningful life.
All you need to bring along is the thirst for knowledge and your commitment to achieve your
goal, for Bhai Gurdass Ji says in his Kabit 111:
Charan saran gur aek paindaa jaa-i chal

Satgur kot paindaa aagay ho-i layt hai
Walk even one step towards the Feet of the Guru;
And the True Guru will walk millions of steps to welcome you.
To Know Your Guru, Is To Love Your Guru

PREFACE
The Gurmukhi Ucharan course aims to provide basic information on the rules of
pronounciation for Gurbani reading and the composition structure of Sri Guru Granth
Sahib Ji.
The Course is delivered in two (2) parts which is to prepare the students for Gurbani
Foundation course and Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course. The first part consist of three
(3) module is delivered in three (3) consecutive weeks over 4.5 hours after the
succussful completion of Gurmukhi Reading Course. The second part is delivered in
five (5) consecutive weeks over 7.5 hours lecture time after the successful completion
of Gurbani Foundation Course. At the end of the course, you will gain a thorough
appreciation of the pronounciation rules that are applicable in reading Gurbani in the
most simple and effective way. This effectively changes the way Gurbani reading was
traditionally thought. In the past, the method was rote learning whereby you will
need to memorize each and every pronounciation. With the knowledge obtain from
this course, you will be able to understand and appreciate the rules and the rationale
behind the pronounciation. The focus is on the application of the rules, rather than
pronouncitation by memory. The entire syllabus is prepared based on the reading
guide recommended by Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, Amritsar and as practiced in Sri
Harmandhir Sahib, Amritsar. This book marks the first ever such course presented in
modular form.
Ideally, the course is for those who have completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months
course and Gurmukhi reading or individuals who have basic Gurbani reading literacy.
We would like to stress that this is a modest attempt to contribute to the Sikh
community and whilst every effort has been taken to ensure that the quality and
accuracy of the information is of the highest standards, there is still room for
improvements.
We also look forward to your valuable feedback so that we can improve this 1st
edition. We are a very young group and thus have a lot to learn and improve. It is
only with the Blessings of our beloved Guruji and HIS beloved Gursikhs that we will
be able to improvise the current work in the service of Khalsa Panth.
In the service of Khalsa Panth
Editorial Board
Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Malaysia

SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 1

GURBANI UCHARAN
COURSE- PART 1
A Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Publication

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 1-1
Content
1.0 gurbwxI dw Adb
2.0 Respect of Gurbani
3.0 Introduction of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s

Structure
4.0 Need for the knowledge of Pronunciation.
5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters
6.0 suAr (Vowels)
7.0 ivAMjn (Consonant)
8.0 lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)
9.0 suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 8

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1
Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable
1.0. gurbwxI dw Adb

dsW hI srUpW ivc siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw bhuq Adb, siqkwr qy BY rìKAw
[ ijvyN siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw siqkwr kIqw hY iqvyN swƒ vI krnw cwhIdw
hY [ gurbwxI dw siqkwr qy Adb leI kuJ ku hyT ilKy inXm jrUrI hn:-
1. ieSnwn kry qoN ibnW, joVy vwly pYr Doqy qoN ibnW Aqy jurwbW qy dsqwny
pihx ky kdy vI siqgurU jI dI qwibAw nhIN bYTxw cwhIdw [
2. mMUh, pYr, kCihrw Awid ƒ h`Q lwky KwrS krky Awky ig`ly, mYly qy
QMdy h`Q gurU mhwrwj jI dy srUp, poQI gutky Awid ƒU nhIN lwauxy [
3. qwibAw bYiTAW ielwiecI, imsrI jW koeI hor vsqU Awid nhIN KwxI[
qwibAw bYTw isMG Awpxy Q`ly g`dI nw ivCwey [
4. cOkVI mwr ky is`Dw bYTy, mMjI swihb qy kUhxIAW nw r`Ky [ ipCwhW h`t
ky sdw Awpxy shwry bYTxw hY[
5. dsW hI pwqSwhIAW dI Awqimk joiq ‘sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI’ pRq`K
ibrwj rhy hn ieauN Bwvnw krky gurbwxI dI AwigAw mMnxI hY [
<> qoN lYky ‘ATwrh ds bIs’ qk gurbwxI qy gurU BwvnI krnI hY[
6. gurU mhwrwj swihb AlmwrI iv`c nhIN sgoN sw& suQry hvwdwr kmry
ivc plMG qy ibrwjmwn krny cwhIdy hn [
7. ijs pwlkI ivc scy pwqSwh jI dw pRkwS hovy iek cMdoAw (cwnxI)
aus dy ivc Aqy iek vfw cMdoAw (cwnxI) aupr hoxw AiqAMq jrUrI hY
[ ikauNik siqgurU jI cvr CRq qKq dy mwlk jo hoey [
“qKiq bYTw Arjn gurU siqgur kw iKvY cMdoAw”
(sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 968)
8. ijs kmry ivc pRkwS jW suK Awsx hovy auQy jW bwhr mhwrwj jI dy
swhmxy mMjw Awid kdy nhI fwhuxw, kyvl BUmAwsx krnw hY [ AQvw
sPW ivCw ky bYTxw hY [
“hir nwmY ky hovhu joVI gurmuiK bYshu sPw ivCwie ]”
(sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 1185)

9. jdoN vI siqgurU jI dI svwrI Awvy jW gurU sMgq Dur kI bwxI dw

kIrqn krdI Awvy ausy vyly pYroN joVw auqwr ky dovyN h`Q joV ky, auT ky
siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY [
10. siqgurU jI dI svwrI nwl pMj isMG nMgy crxIN hox[ iek isMG cOr
kry Aqy iek isMG A`gy jl iCVkdw jwvy [
11. poQI jW gutky qoN pwT kridAW DrqI qy kpVw ivCw ky aupr bYTxw
cwhIdw hY [ dUijAW dy mMijAW qy bYiTAW qoN aunW dy ipCy, nIvyN QW jW
Q`ly bih ky kdy vI pwT nhIN krnw [
12. ividAwrQIAW ƒU sMiQAw krwaux vwlw srHwxy v`l jW aucI QW qy nW
bYTy [
13. gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky, dsm dI bwxI, BweI gurdws jI dI
bwxI, dw v`D qoN v`D siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy gurmiq bwry hor
ijMny vI gRMQ hox sB dw siqkwr krnw hY[ Awm pusqkW ivc jW aunHW
dy Q`ly nhIN rKxw [
14. aupr suMdr colIAW (kpVw) cVHw ky ivc plkW r`K ky, qxIAW vwly jW
hor qrIky nwl pUrn qOr qy swP suQry rumwilAW ivc sMqoK ky au~cI
Aqy piv`qr jgHw qy r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [
15. pYrIN juqI pwky, nMgy ipMfy Aqy nMgy isr kdy vI poQI gutky Awid nhIN
pVHny [
16. ijs bksy ivc poQIAW hox aus ivc mYlw bsqr, kCihrw, KVwvW
Awidk nhIN pwauxIAW [
17. GrW ivc gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky Awid srHwxy vwly pwsy, aupr
swP suQrI QW rKxy cwhIdy hn [
18. siqgurU jI dy srUp, poQIAW gutky Awid ivc kwgz, Dwgy jW AMg ƒ
mroVn dI inSwnI nhI rKxIN [
19. pwT kridAW AMg hmySW auprly pwisEN s`jy h`Q nwl pltxw cwhIdw
hY[
20. sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI auqy kImqI, suMdr, swP suQry rumwly Bytw krny
cwhIdy hn [
21. siqgurU jI auqy cOr krnw, Aqr iCVkxw, Pu`l cVOHxy, Awid syvw
krnI cwhIdI hY [
22. ijnHW AKbwrW, rswilAW, ikqwbW Awid gurbwxI dy Sbd ilKy hox
iqnW ƒ lPwPy, r`dI Awid dI vrqoN ivc nhIN ilAwauxw Aqy pYrW ivc
nhIN rulx dyxw cwhIdw [
23. jMgl mYdwn vwly bsqR mhwrwj jI dI qwibAw nhI ljwxy, dUjy bdl
ky jW Do ky, sukw ky pihn ky jwxw hY [
aupRokq siqkwr pMjwb dy pMjy qKqW qy, sRI hrimMdr swihb Aqy hor
ieqhwsk AsQwnW qy A`j vI kIqw jWdw hY[
siqkwr Xog swD sMgq jIE, siqgurU jI dI bwxI dw ies qoN v`D ijMnw vI ho
sky Adb qy siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY[ ijs krky mhwrwj jI dI swfy qy
Apwr ikRpw hovygI Aqy swfy qy byAMq bKiSsW krngy [

2.0. Respecting Gurbani
bwxI gurU gurU hY bwxI ivic bwxI AimRqu swry ]

guru bwxI khY syvku jnu mwnY prqiK gurU insqwry ]
"The Word, the Bani is Guru, and Guru is the Bani. Within the Bani, the Ambrosial
Nectar is contained. If His humble servant believes, and acts according to the Words
of the Guru's Bani, then the Guru, in person, emancipates him." (SGGSJ Ang 982)
ijn BY Adb n bwnI Dwrw ] jwnhu so isK nhI hmwrw ]20]

"That person who does not respect and fear Gurbani cannot be my Sikh."
(Gurpartap Suraj Granth)
At Sri Anandpur Sahib, a Singh read a verse of Gurbani wrongly. Guru Gobind Singh
Sahib Ji remark to him was, "0 Singh! You are breaking my limbs." This is why Guru
Sahib Ji taught and explained the meanings and correct discourses of Gurbani to a number
of Singhs. The chosen Singhs then passed on this knowledge, understanding and correct
pronunciation of Gurbani subsequently to fellow Sikhs. The tradition of disseminating
knowledge from Sikhs to Sikhs continues till today .
is~Khu sunhu sIK iehu myrI [ bwnI pVhu Su~D gur kyrI [
pFY mhwqm lhY ibswl [ hliq pliq mih hoie inhwl [28[
"Oh Sikhs, listen to this teaching - recite Gurbani correctly (i.e. pronounce it correctly).
Read it and obtain many pleasures, here and in the hereafter." (Gurpartap Suraj Granth)
Satguruji gave the utmost respect to Gurbani in all his ten forms. Similarly, we should
also show the same respect.
The following are some pointers to practice when handling this Santhia Pothee or any
other form containing Gurbani:
a) Clean ourselves (take a bath, wash hands & feet, etc) before handling the Pothee
(volumes of the Granth) or Gutka sahibs (collections of banis).
b) When seated to recite Gurbani take notice not to touch any part of your body (mouth,
face, nose, ears, feet, etc.) with bare hands if need arise a towel or handkerchief shall
be used. Avoid using wet, dirty or oily hands.
c) Whilst seating to recite Gurbani, refrain from eating or drinking. Avoid using any

extra cushion while sitting to recite Gurbani on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji palanquin.
d) While sitting on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin one should refrain from
placing elbows or rest any part of the body on Manji Sahib.
e) To follow all the teaching of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji from the begining till the end.
f) Do not rest Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji in a closed cupboard but on a comfortable bed
in a clean room in comfortable room with appropriate atmosphere.
g) In which palanquin (Palki) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji sits, a canopy (Chandoa) shall
be fixed above and an extra clean cloth shall be lay underneath the palanquin only.
h) Upon arrival and departure of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, everyone should remove
their footwares, arise from their seats and stand, while placing thier hands together.
i) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin should be accompanied by five (5) Gursikhs
whereby one of them shall do the Chaur and another sparkling clean water in front of
Guru Ji’s palanquin.
j) When doing Paath from a Pothi or Gutka, sit on a clean place. When you recite the
bani at home, in the presence of another person or persons, who are sitting on a chair
or sofa, then you should proceed to sit on a chair or sofa as well. This is because no
one should sit at a level higher than the Gurbani Pothi.
k) Whilst reciting Gurbani, do not sit directly behind anybody (i.e. with their back to
you).
l) Place all Gutkas and Pothis of Gurbani on a higher, clean and proper place as these
Pothis contain divine knowledge. If you need to place the volumes of the SGGS
Pothia with other non-Gurbani books, then, ensure that the Gurbani pothia are placed
on the upper shelves followed by other books in the lower shelves of a cupboard.
m) When not in use, wrap the Gurbani Pothies in a clean piece of cloth.
n) Cover your head and remove your shoes before you start reciting Gurbani from a
Gutka or Pothi.
o) Do not place dirty clothes, undergarments and footwears in the same bag as the
Gurbani Pothis or Gutka.
p) Avoid folding any page of the gutka or Gurbani Pothi (Sanchi) or the ang of Sri Guru
Granth Sahib Ji or placing a bookmark.

q) Always flip the Ang (page) of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Gutka and Pothi fron the top
right hand cornerusing the right hand.
r) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji should be offered with clean, beautiful rumalas as well as
with non-alcohol and perfume.
s) All printed materials which consist Gurbani or Gurmukhi shall be handle with
respect.
t) Please ensure, bags that have pothees in it should not be kept on the ground.
u) When doing revision from this pothee, place a clean cloth on the ground before
placing the “reel” for the pothee to be placed.
v) When seated to recite bani, take notice not to touch your feet with your bare hands
instead a clean cloth or handkerchief should be used.

3.0. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Basic Structure
3.1. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji with customary format has a total of
1430 Ang (pages).
3.2. The format is written with a landscape orientation.
3.3. Gurbani is written 31 Ragas.
3.4. There are 19 lines of text per Ang (page). However, many ang
(pages) with headlines (starting with new raag) have less than
19 lines per ang (page).
3.5. Total number of lines are 26,852.
3.6. Total number of words are 398,697.
3.7. Total dictionary words are 29445 (these are the words that
have been used again and again to make the whole text).
Many of these words have been used only once.
3.8. The word that has been repeated most often is ‘hir’. It has
been repeated for 9,288 times.
3.9. No punctuation marks like comma, semicolon or colon have
been used. The mark that has been used is ‘]’ which means
full stop.
3.10. No 'Adhak' charcated have been used.
3.11. No 'Paireen Bindi' character (dot at the bottom of character)
have been used.
3.12. A number of half characters (that fall at the bottom of other
characters) that are not used in modern Punjabi have been
used { @ (1188), † (10), ˜ (11), ´ (268), œ (13), ç (5) }.
3.13. Aounkarh and Dulainkarh { ü (169), ¨ (20) } characters
have also been used under half characters. This is normally
not done in the present day Punjabi.
3.14. The 'Ik Oang Kaar' (<>) character have been repeated for
568 times.
3.15. A unique and detailed numbering system has been adopted
for each Raag.
4.0 ivSyS kwrn (Need for the knowledge of

Pronunciation)
1. gurmuKI il`pI dy A`KrW, lgW, lgwKrW dw aucwrx auhnW dI

insicq DunI Anuswr hovy, ^ws krky SbdWiqk lgW dw
aucwrx Su`D rUp ivc auTwieAw jwvy[
2. SbdW dy ipCyqr-sÍrW dw gurbwxI dy lg-mwqRI nymW ADIn
nwiskqw dy p~KoN aucwrx Su`D hovy[
3. pwT krn smyN juVq-pdW dy inKVvyN Sbd-joV TIk bxwey
jwx[
4. lMmIAW qukW dw aucwrx kridAW, auhnW ƒ soRiqAW dy sihly
smJ gocry krn leI Aqy ArQ-Bwv inKyVn leI kuJ BwgW
ivc vMf ky Aqy Xog QwvyN Alp Aqy ArD-ibsRwm dy ky kIqw
jwvy[
1. The pronunciation of Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants and

Syllables must in its original sound especially for the
words with consonants and syllables.
2. The exact pronunciation of the Vowels at the end of a
word together with the associated syllable.
3. To break a long word into its appropriate division for
perfect pronunciation with the reflection of its exact
meaning.
4. To punctuate correctly while reading the long sentenances
with comma (alap) and semi-colan (aradh) with the guide
of the hymn language, poetry, tune and meanings.

5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters
a A e s h
k K g G |
c C j J \
t T f F x
q Q d D n
p P b B m
X r l v V
A`Kr dy AsQwn :
A`Kr AsQwn
k, K , g , G koml qwlU - gly AsQwn iv`coN
| auprly A`KrW dI Avwz nwlo QoVHI ijhI koml qwlU Aqy

gLy dy QilE ilAw ky is`DI n`k rwhI ilAw ky bolxI hY[
c,C,j,J zbwn qwlU-bUt nwl lgdI hY [ C~Cw = mUMh dI hvw
bwhr ƒ k~FxI hY [
t , T , f , F, aultwvIN jIB
V
p,P,b,B bulW qoN
s, n, r. l bu`t qy jIB nwl
m bul qy n`k
h kMT-duAwrw (surXMqr)
H glw
q , Q , d , D, dMdw qy jIB
S , ^ , & , z , ieh A`Kr poly ijhy bolxy hn [ zbwn qwlU nwl nhIN
Z,L, l`gx dyxI [ iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy dI
Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[
S,z bolx lìgAW mgroN AYVy dI Avwz boldI hY [ SA sAw
(sX sXw) zA jAw (jX jXw)

A`Kr AsQwn
^,Z iehnW dI Avwz gly iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY [ bu`l
nhI juVHn dyxy iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy
dI Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[
& bu`lW iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY[ bu`l nhI juVHn dyxy
L polw ijhw bolxw hY zbwn qwlU nwl nhI lwaxI
X bolx lìgAW vI zbwn qwlU nwl nhI l`gx dyxI [ zbwn

QlVy pwsy hI rihx dyxI hY[

6.0. suAr (Vowels)

il`pI dy auh icMnH jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx ivc
koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn[ gurmuKI vrnmwlw dy
a, A Aqy e ieh iqMn A`Kr hn[ jd ik suAr-DunIAW dy
aucwrx ivc swh iksy rukwvt bgYr hI mUMh ivcly koeI do AMg
Awps ivc sprs nhIN krdy hn[
A speech sound, such as ( ) or ( ), created by the
relatively free passage of breath through the larynx and
oral cavity, usually forming the most prominent and
central sound of a syllable.A letter, such as a, A and e
in the Gurmukhi alphabet, that represents a vowel.
7.0. ivAMjn (Consonant)

DunIAW swh dy rsqy ivc jIB jW mUMh dy iksy hor AMg duAwrw
auqpMn huMdIAW hn Aqy ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl
huMdw hY[
A speech sound produced by a partial or complete
obstruction of the air stream by any of various
constrictions of the speech organs. In Gurmukhi such
consonant are s to r .
8.0. lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)

mukqw w kMnw
i ishwrI I ibhwrI
u AONkV U dulYNkV
y lW Y dulwvW
o hoVw O knOVw
aupRokq icMnW ƒ ies leI lgW AwKdy hn ik ieh suAr nwl

l`gdy hn Aqy mwqRW ies leI ik ieh suArW dy aucwrx ivc
l`gx vwly smyN dw nwp d`sdy hn[
A unit of spoken language consisting of a single
uninterrupted sound formed by a vowel, diphthong 1, or
syllabic consonant alone, or by any of these sounds
preceded, followed, or surrounded by one or more
consonants.
One or more letters or phonetic symbols written or
printed to approximate a spoken syllable. In Gurmukhi,
each syllable represents one and only one sound
whereas in English a single or a cluster syllable
generally represents more than one sound.
9.0. suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)

suArI A`KrW (a, A, e) nwl iehnW dIAW AnuswrI lgW imlw
ky hyT il`Ky ds suAr bxdy hn;
A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO
aupoRkq dsW ivc nON suArW dy do-do imlvyN icMnH hn ( iek-iek
A`Kr Aqy iek-iek lg)[ SbdW dI bxqr ivc jdoN ieh
suAr iek`ly; Bwv iksy ivAMjn dI shwieqw qoN bgYr AwauNdy
hn qW iehnW dw aupRokq sgvW (original) rUp hI kwiem
rihMdw hY, pr jdoN ieh ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdy hn qW suArI
A`KrW (a, A, e) dw ABwv ho jWdw hY Aqy kyvl lgW hI
ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdIAW hn, ijvyN;
1
A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel and gradually changes to another vowel
within the same syllable, as (oi) in boil or ( ) in fine.

9.1 sgvyN rUp ivc: Aws, ieSt, eISr, aupmw, aUNG, eykl,
AYb, Et, AOK[
9.2 ivAMjnW nwl sMimlq rUp ivc: pws, ipqr, KIr, hukm,
qUr, kysr, mYgl, lok, DOl[
ncoV (Summary) :
1. suAr A`Kr (Vowels)- jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx

a, A, e ivc koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw
krn
(eg of independent letters )
2. ArD-suAr (Semi- jo ArD-suArI DunIAW leI vrqy jWdy
Vowels)- X, v hn[
3. ivAMjn A`Kr ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl
(Consonant)- s qo r huMdw hY[
q`k
4. kMT-duAwrI ivAMjn A`Kr ijs dy aucwrx ivc koeI do mUMh ivcly
(Consonant)- h AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn, sgoN
iek-dUjy dy eyny nyVy Aw jWdy hn ik
auhnW ivcwly qMg ijhI JIq hI rih
jWdI hY qy swh ies JIq ivc rgV Kw
ky lMGdw hY[ ies leI ivAMjn huMidAW
‘h’ ivc suArI gux vI mOjUd hn[
5. Anunwsk (nwskI ) A`Kr ijs dw aucwrx smyN Awvwz n`k QwxIN

(Nasal-Consonant) J , vI inkldI hY[
\, x , n , m
6. dyhlI dIpk A`Kr A`Kr jo donw pwsy mqlb / ArQ dyvy[

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 1-2
Content
1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW (Long & Short Syllable)
2.0 ADIn lgW (Depandant Syallable)
3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi

Pronunciation)
4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)
5.0 lgW dw aucwrx (Syllable Pronunciations)
5.1 dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[

5.2 ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[
5.3 dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[
5.4 lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[
5.5 kMnw dw aucwrx
MODULE 1-3
1.0 gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1
Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants
1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW

dsW lgW mwqrW ivcoN s`q lgW lMmIAW (dIrG) hn, ijhw ik kMnw (
w) , ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o)
qy knOVw ( O) qy iqMn CotIAW (lgU), ijhw ik mukqw, ishrI ( i ) qy
AONkV ( u) [
There are ten (10) syllables in Gurmukhi script which are
divided in two (2) categories depanding on the time taken
to pronounce. The two categories knowns as Dhirag (long)
and Lagu (short) are as follows;
1. dIrG (lMmIAW, kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW

Long) ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o) qy knOVw (
O)
2. lgU (CotIAW, mukqw, ishwrI ( i ) qy AONkV ( u)
Short)
dIrG lgW dw aucwrx dw smW lgU lgW nwloN dugxw hY[
The difference between the Dhirag and Lagu syllable is

the time consume in pronuncing the consonant on
which the syllable is written. Normally the Dhirag
(long) would consume twice the time compared to Lagu
(short).
Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3 Page 24

2.0 ADIn lgW (Dependent Syllable)
it`pI ( M ), ibMdI ( N ) qy A`Dk ( ` ) ieh iek qrHW dIAW

shwiek jW ADIn lgW hn[ies qrHW qyrW lgW ivcoN ds lgW mu`K
hn qy iqMn shwiek jW ADIn[
The dependent syllables are used to enhance and
emphasise the sound of a particular consonent or word.
The dependent syllables are ‘Bindhi’, ‘Tippi’ and
‘Adhak’.
a. ibMdI (Bindhi)
lgU (CotIAW) lgW iv`coN isrP AONkV ( u) ƒ ibMdI ( N ) l`gdI hY Aqy

dIrG (lMimAW) lgW iv`coN dulYNkV ( U) qoN ibnW sB ƒ ibMdI ( N )
l`gdI hY[ ies qrHW CyAW dIrG lgW ƒ ibMdI lgdI hY (w, I, y, Y, o,
O) [
b. it`pI (Tippi)
iqMn lgW lgU (CotIAW) hn ijhw ik mukqw, ishwrI qy AONkV[ iehnW

sB ƒ it`pI lgdI hY[ dIrG lgW iv`coN isrP dulYNkV vwly A`Kr ƒ
hI it`pI ( M ) l`gdI hY, ijvyN ‘rMU, ƒ, hMU’, bwkI hor iksy dIrG lgW
ƒ it`pI nhIN lgdI[ ies qrHW ieh iqMn CotIAW hn-mukqw, ishwrI
qy AONkV qy cOQI dulYNkV ƒ hI it`pI lgdI hY[
c. A`Dk (Adhak)
A`Dk hmySW CotI lg ƒ lgdw hY[ A`Dk krky A`Kr dI Avwz

dUhrI (du`gxI) ho jWdI hY qy ieh dUhrI Avwz vwlw A`Kr hmySW

lgU (CotI) lg qoN ip`Cy AwauNdw hY, ijvyN ie`t, au~T, A`k Awid
ivc[ lMmI lg qoN ip`Cy A`Dk nhIN lgdw[ huxy huxy AMgryzI dy
A`Kr e dw aucwrn get qy set ivc hY ies aucwrn ƒ
A`Dk lw ky ilK lYNdy hn, ijvyN g`t, s`t ivc[
d. sMKyp (Summary)
The depandant syllables are only applicable exclusively
with selected long and short syllables as shown on the
table below;
ADIn lgW lgW mwqrW

lgU (CotIAW) dIrG (lMmIAW)
it`pI ( M ) mukqw, ishwrI ( i ) dulYNkV ( U)
qy AONkV ( u)
ibMdI ( N ) AONkV ( u) kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I
), lW ( y), dulWeIAW
( Y), hoVw ( o) qy
knOVw ( O)
A`Dk ( ` ) mukqw, ishwrI ( i )
qy AONkV ( u)
3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi

Pronunciation)
ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx iqMn pRkwr dw hMdw hY[ ies dw aucwrx
dUsry A`Kr dy ADwr qy huMdw hY[ sMKyp rUp ivc ies pRkwr hY
Bindhi and Tippi are pronounced in three different sounds.
The sound is depandant on the second letter which appears
after the letter with Bindhi or Tippi.

i. A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The ‘AN’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy nMny dI Avwz idMdI hY[
When the following letter appears after the letter with
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AN’ sound
s q Q d
D n t T
f F x c
C j J \
ii. A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The ‘AM’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj idMdI hY[
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AM’ sound
p P b
B m
iii. A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The ‘NG’ Sound)
iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj idMdI hY[
Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘NG’ sound.
A k K g
G |

iv. sMKyp (Summary)
it`pI qy ibMdI dI Avwj gurbwxI dy sbd (The

(The sound of Bindhi & words from
Tippi) Gurbani)
1 A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The sMq, kMn@, bMiD,
‘AN’ Sound) blvMf, sMjmu, AMqu,
inMdw, AMDwru, kuMfw,
DMnu, pMcwiexu, cMdoAw,
hMiF, gMiT, kuMt, pMQu,
2 A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The KsMm, AMimRq, suAMbr,
‘AM’ Sound) gMBIru, sMpY,
3 A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The AMgd, lMgr, gMg,
‘NG’ Sound) sMgqI, mqMg, sMg,
auqMg, AklMk,
EAMkwir, sMGwrY,
AhMkwr, pMK,
4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)
id`qIAW geIAW qyrW lgW dI vrqoN jo aupr d`sI hY, auh ivAMjnW
bwry sI[ iksy vI sÍr ƒ ieh qyrW dIAW qyrW lgW nhIN lgdIAW[
sÍr iqMn hn: a, A, e[ ienHW leI lgW dI vrqoN ies qrHW hY:-
The given thirteen (13) syllables is applicable to the use
on consonants but all these syllables are not used for the
vowels. As we know that there are three vowels ‘a’,
‘A’, ‘e’. The use of syllable on vowel are as shown in
the table below;
pihlIAW ds lgW ivcoN ‘a’ ƒ AOkV, dulYNkV qy hoVw lgdw

hY[‘A’ ƒ kMnw, dulweIAW qy knOVw lgdw hY[
‘e’ ƒ ishwrI, ibhwrI qy lW lgdI hY[ ies qrHW nwl ‘a’ ƒ iqMn
lgW iek CotI qy do v`fIAW, ‘e’ ƒ iqMn, iek CotI do v`fIAW[
‘A’ ƒ ‘A’ mukqw smyq cwr iek CotI qy iqMn v`fIAW lgdIAW
hn[ swrIAW ƒ rlw ky ilKIey qW ieh sWJI sqr ies qrHW ilKI
jWdI hY:-
A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO
suAr lg lgU / dIrG lg

1 a AONkV, dulYNkV qy iek CotI ( u) qy do
hoVw v`fIAW ( UAqy o)
2 A mukqw, kMnw, iek CotI (mukqw) qy
dulweIAW qy knOVw iqMn v`fIAW ( w , Y
Aqy O )
3 e ishwrI, ibhwrI qy iek CotI ( i ) qy do
lW v`fIAW ( I Aqy y)
sÍrW ƒ A`Dk lwaux dy nym auho hI hn, ijhVy ivAMjnW leI[

jwxI ik CotIAW lgW qoN ip`CoN hI dUhry aucwrn vwlw A`Kr Aw
skdw hY[ sÍrW ƒ it`pI qy ibMdI lwaux vyly ieh nym p`kI qrHW
lwgU huMdw hY, ik CotIAW lgW leI it`pI qy v`fIAW lgW leI
ibMdI dI vrqoN hMudI hY[ jwxI ik eyQy aU ƒ BI ibMdI lgdI hY
it`pI nhIN[

The rules of using ‘Adhak’ on vowel is the same as on

the consonant. The use of long syllable is always after
the use of short syllable on the consonant in a word.
The rule of using ‘Tippi’ and ‘Bindhi’ on vowels are as
follows;
a. Tippi - is always is used on Lagu (short) syllables.
b. Bindhi – is always used on Dhirag (Long) syllables.
5.0 lgW dw aucwrn (Syllable Pronunciation)
lgW mwqrW dw SuD aucwrx iDAwn nwl krnw cwhIdw hY[ AxgihlI kwrn
ieh ZlqIAW ho skdIAW hn[ ijvyN:
The pronunciation of the syllable must be done correctly, the
common mistake made are as follows;
1. dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[

SuD aucwrx ASuD (glq) aucwrx
socY socy
cupY cupy
hoeIAY hoeIey
hukmY hukmy

2. ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[

suixAY suxIAY
boilAY bolIAY
vwirAw vwrIAw
BrIAY BirAY
qIrQu iqrQu
kIVI ikVI
3. dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[

swbUxu swbuxu
aUcy aucy
aupir aUpir
mUrK murK

4. lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[

cupY cupy
hoeIAY hoeIey
hukmY hukmy
iqQY iqQy
5. kMnw dw aucwrx
pwqwl pqwl
Awdys iqsY Awdys Adys iqsy Adys
vwpwr vpwr

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan
Module 1-3: Punctuation in Gurbani
1.0 gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)
sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dy pwT ivc ibsRwm dw pUrn AsQwn hY[ iesy
leI hryk pMgqI dy AMq ivc ibsRwm-icMnH idqw hoieAw hY Aqy ijQy
iek pdy dw Bwv sMpUrn huMdw hY, EQy AMk id`qw hoieAw hY[
a. ibsrwm dI loV
ibsrwm qoN Bwv hY, Atkxw jW Tihrnw[ hr iek sUJvwn ieh
jwxdw hY, ik iksy ilKq ƒ TIk smJx smJwaux vwsqy
ibsrwm icMnHW dI vrqoN krnI zrUrI huMdI hY[ iesy pRkwr
gurbwxI dy TIk AwSy ƒ smJx AQvw dUjy qweIN smJwaux ihq
TIk QwvW qy ibsrwm lw ky aucwrxW Aqy ArQ boD krnw hI
SoBw idMdw hY[ ibsrwm icMnHW dI AXog vrqoN nwl ArQ dw
AnrQ ho jWdw hY[
Visram (punctuation/pause) means to stop or to

pause. We would agree that in order to understand
any written script, pause signs are important in
understanding the correct meaning of the script. In
the same manner, to understand Gurbani it is vital to
pause correctly when reading, singing, and preaching
Gurbani.
b. iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm
gurbwxI dy SuD aucwrx vwsqy iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm dw pRXog
kIqw jWdw hY[
Gurbani Path Senthia provides guidance for reading
each line in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, by introducing
three (3) types of visrams: -
Module 1-3: Punctuations in Gurbani
1) Alp ibsRwm (QoVy mwqr rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (,)

id`qw jw skdw hY[ Alap Visram (a short pause). This
is marked in this Guide with a coma ( , )
2) ArD ibsRwm (A~Dw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (;) id`qw

jw skdw hY[ Ardh Visram ( a slightly longer pause
than alap visram). This is marked in the Guide
with a semicolon ( ; )
3) pUrn ibsRwm (pUrw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (]) do
fMfIAW hn[ Puran Visram (a full stop). This is
marked in the Guide with a sign (])
gurbwxI ivc pUrn ibsRwm dy icMn do fMfIAW dy rUp ivc siqgurW

ny idqy hoey hn, pr Alp ibsRwm qy ArD ibsRwm dy icMn
(inSwn) nhIN idqy [ so jy ibsRwm lw ky pwT nw krIey qW ArQ
ivc bhuq Prk pY jWdw hY [ aultw ArQ ho jWdw hY[
In Gurbani, Guru Arjan Dev ji has clearly placed the
Puran Visram by using the sign (ll). However, Alap
Visram and Ardh Visram are not marked.
Nonetheless, this does not mean that one should read
a sentence of Gurbani without an appropriate pause.
If we do not apply the correct visram while reading
Gurbani, the meanings meant by Satguru Ji will be
lost and Gurbani can be interpreted inaccurately.
Like for instance, there is a Gurbani verse that goes

like this;

c. audwhrx
ijvyN ik:- “guru Arjunu Gir gur rwmdws Bgq auqir AwXau
]”
jy ies pMgqI dw ibsRwm ‘Gir’ auqy krIey qw ArQ bxygw ik
gurU Arjn dyv jI dy Gr, gurU rwmdws jI Bgq auqr ky
Awey[ qW kI pu`qr dy Gr ipqw ny Avqwr lieAw? ikqnw
Prk pY igAw ArQ ivc[ ies pMgqI dw SuD aucwrx ies
pRkwr hY;
“guru Arjunu , Gir gur rwmdws ; Bgq auqir AwXau ]”
pr jy ibsRwm ‘Arjunu’ qy krIey qW TIk ArQ bx jwvygw [
ik gurU Arjn dyv jI, gurU rwmdws dy Gr Bgq auqr ky Awey
[ so pwT Su~D krn vwsqy TIk QW qy ibsRwm hoxw AqI jrUrI hY
[ so ies sMiQAw poQI ivc ijQy ibsRwmW dI loV hY auQy auQy lw
id`qy hn [
ijvyN ik:
socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]
If we apply the visram in the above verse at “ghar”

(Gir), the meaning will be, “In Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s
house, Guru Ramdas ji has been born” But this
meaning is flawed as everyone knows that Guru
Arjan Dev Ji is the son of Guru Ramdas Ji and the
actual meaning should be “In the house of Guru
Ramdas ji, Guru Arjan has been born.”.
Hence, the verse should be read with a pause at

(Arjun), and the meaning will correctly flow - “Guru
Arjan, was born in the house of Guru Ramdas ji”.

So to ensure our Gurbani reading is accurately paused

and pronounced, the placing of the visram is crucial.
For example,
socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]
The Alap Visram ( , ) is placed after the word socY i.e a

short pause is needed here.
An Ardh Visram ( ; ) is placed after hoveI i.e a mid

SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY
gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 2

GURBANI UCHARAN
COURSE- PART 2

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2
Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable
gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-1
Content
1.0 dùq A`Kr (Subscript Consonants)
2.0 dùq A`KrW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of

Subscript Consonants)
a) hlMq
b) pYrIN ‘h’
c) pYrIN ‘X’
d) pYrIN ‘t’
e) pYrIN ‘n’
f) pYrIN ‘q’
g) pYrIN ‘v’
h) pYrIN ‘c’
i) pYrIN ‘ u’
j) pYrIN ‘ U’
3.0 do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)

1.0 du`q A`Kr (Subscript Consonants)
pMjwbI bolI ivc du`q A`Kr bhuq G`t vrqy jWdy hn[ Awm qOr qy auh
Sbd ijhVy ihMdI sMsikRq ivcoN pMjwbI ivc Awey qy lgBg auh AslI
rUp ivc rhy qW jy auhnW ivc du`q A`Kr sn qW auh pMjwbI ivc du`q
A`Kr dy rUp ivc hI ilKy jWdy hn[
jdoN do A`KrW dy ivckwr ivc koeI lg nw hovy qW dUjy A`Kr ƒ A`Kr

dy pYrIN ilKdy hn[ Aijhy A`Kr du`q AKvwauNdy hn[ pMjwbI ivc
jVu`q ho ky ilKy jwx vwly Sbd bhuqy nhIN hn[
Awm qOr qy r, h, v hI pYrW ivc pY ky du`q rUp Dwrdy hn[ keIAW

sMsikRq SbdW ivc Q, q, n, X A`Kr vI du`q rUp ivc AwauNdy hn
pr bhuq G`t[ r, h, qy v dI du`q rUp vrqoN Awm hY[ ijvyN pRB,
kRoD, pVH cVH qy sÍYrwj Awid ivc[
The subscript consonants are not widely used in Punjabi

language. Normally it is used in Sanskrit language.
Therefore the words adopted directly from Sanskrit
language written in Gurmukhi would contain the
subscript consonants.
It is usually written in between two consonants where
there is no syllable in between e.g. there should not be any
sihari or bihari.
Commonly r, h, v are used as the subcript consonants,
however in Sanskrit language q, n, X is also used as
subsript consonants.

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2
2.0 du`q A`KrW dw aucwrx

a. hlMq
{ @ } The ‘Halant’ or also known as 'Udaat' character that
is something like quarter (Paireen) Haahaa, have been
used 1188 times. ‘Halant’ is pronounced by stressing on
the on letter with a slight tone of ‘h’. This character
makes the word more speechable. The words with
‘Halant’ or 'Udaat' are as follows:
aucwiein@ aun@ aun@w aulwm@y En@w En@I Elwm@y El@gI El@gIAw El@w
El@Y AMn@w AMn@y An@yrw Awn@yru AwpIn@Y Awvn@I iekn@w iekn@I ien@
ien@I iein@ eyn@w eyn@I sMin@ sMn@I sMm@lw sMm@ilAw sMm@wrw sMm@wil
sMm@wlµin@ sMm@wilEie sMm@wilAw sMm@wly sMm@wlyhW shMin@ sm@wir sm@wrau
sm@wirAw sm@wrI sm@wry sm@wrY sm@wl sm@wil sm@wlu sm@wlis sm@wlih
sm@wlxo sm@wlw sm@wilAw sm@wilh sm@wlI sm@wlIAY sm@wly sm@wlY
svMin@ svin@ swm@xy swm@wrih swm@Y sWin@hw suAwil@au syvin@ syvn@I
sRvnn@ hMin@ hm@w hm@wrI hm@wry hir@Awau hV@vwxIAY hovin@ kMin@ kMn@
kMn@Y khMin@ khIAin@ kn@weI kmln@ krMin@ kil@ kwn@ kwn@Au kwil@
kwl@I kwl@Y kwV@w ikn@ ikin@ kIn@ kIn@is kIn@w kIn@I kIn@y kIn@Y kIn@o
kuim@Awr kuim@Awir kum@wrw kum@wrY Kwvn@y Kuil@E Kuly@ Kul@eIAw Kul@Vy
Kul@I Kul@IAw Kul@y Kul@Y KUil@ KUl@y KUl@Y Kolin@ KolweIAin@ Koil@ Koil@E
Kol@ Kol@au Kol@w Kol@y Kol@Y gl@w giV@ gV@ gwil@ gwl@I gwvin@ gUV@
gUV@au gUV@I Gurin@ crnn@ clµin@ ciV@E cV@xw cV@wvih cV@y cIin@
cIin@Aw cInY@ cIn@ cIn@sI cIn@hI cIn@w cIn@W cIn@I cIn@y cIn@Y cul@Y
cUly@ col@w jgwiein@ jlµin@ jwgMin@ jwxMin@ jwxin@ jwxn@I jwxIAin@
jwpin@ jwpn@I jwlyin@ ijMn@ ijMn@w ijMn@I ijn@ ijn@w ijn@I ijin@ jIvin@
Tgin@ iqMn@ iqMn@w iqn@ iqn@w iqn@I iqVMn@ iqin@ qutin@ qumy@ qum@
qum@ih qum@rw qum@rI qum@ry qum@rY qum@ro qum@w qum@wr qum@wrih qum@wrw
qum@wrI qum@wry qum@wrY qum@wro QMim@ QMim@E QMim@Aw QMm@ QMm@Au QMm@nu QMm@w
QMm@IAY Qwim@Aw idsMin@ idsin@ idcMin@ idRiV@E idRV@Au idRV@wieAw idRV@wey
idRV@wXau idRV@wXw idRV@I idRV@IAw dIn@ dIn@w dIn@I dIn@y dyKn@y dyin@
iDAwiein@ iDAwvin@ nwn@ nwn@w nwn@I nwn@y nIim@ nIm@I n@waugo n@wieAw
n@weI n@weIAY n@wey n@wqy n@wvau n@wvxu n@wvY pauV@y pn@IAw pl@ir
pl@rin piV@ piV@Aw pV@Mqw pV@ih pV@n pV@wieAw pV@wvis pV@IAY

pwien@I pwiein@ pweIAin@ pwn@o ipKMin@ pYnY@ pYn@au pYn@xu pYn@xhwru
pYn@xw pYn@wieAw pYn@Y iPrMin@ iPrin@ Pyrin@ bMin@ bMn@Y bn@wieAw blµin@
bwm@xu bwm@n bwm@nu buJin@ byiV@E bYhin@ boVin@ BivEim@ Bwvin@ Bulµin@
Buln@I mrMin@ mrin@ mwxin@ imlµin@ imlin@ muMnIAin@ muhin@ mUV@ mUV@w
mUV@y moVMin@ rhMin@ rhin@ rcMin@ rlin@ irMin@ ruV@weI rUV@I rUV@y leyin@
lhMin@ lhin@ lhn@I lgMin@ lBMin@ lvMin@ lwiein@ lIn@ lIn@w lIn@I
lIn@y luV@MdVI lYin@ vM\in@ vsMin@ vhMin@ vir@Aw vyV@I
b. pYrIN ‘h’
{ H } The 'Paireen Haahaa' (or half Haahaa) characters
have been used only 38 times. The words with 'Paireen
Haahaa' are as follows:
ElHg ElHgxI sMmHilAw sMmHwir sMmHwly smHwir smHwrn smHwry
smHwly isM|Hwry krHY kwrHw kyrHy koVHy gVHx gVHxhwry gwrH gulHw
crHwvau crHY cVHweIAY cwirHE idRVHwieAw pxHIAw pVHAu pVHih
pVHq byrHy virHAw virHAY vrHy
pYrIN l`gy A`Dy ‘h’ l`gx nwl aus ivAMjn dI DunI BwrI ho jWdI hY
Aqy poly ijhy ‘h’ dI DunI vI kIqI jWdI hY[ keI SbdW dy ArQ
Bwv ƒ inKyVn vwsqy pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ boilAw jWdw hy, ijvyN
gurbwxI Sbd SuD aucwrx ArQ
1. nwvw nHwvw ieSnwn
2. nwie nHwie ieSnwn
3. pV pVH pVHnw
4. kwn kwnH ikRSnw
5. jV jVH muF

jy auprokq Sbd pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ qoN ibnW boly jwx qW iPr ArQ
Bwv vI bdl jWdy hn, ijvyN;
gurbwxI Sbd SuD aucwrx ArQ
1. nwvw nwvw nwm
2. nwie nwie nwm
3. pV pV pYxw
4. kwn kwn kMn
5. jV jV joVnw
c. pYrIN ‘X’
{ ´ } This character is like half 'Yayaa', has been used 268
times. This character is never used in modern Punjabi.
The words with 'Yayaa' are as follows:
auj´wrw auDráu aupjó AMD´wr AMD´wru AMD´wrw Aswj´M AKwid´
AKÉ Ag´wn Ag´wnu Ag´wnxo Aq´Mq ADwK´ru Ainq´ Apáu
Avqiráu Avlok´w AwK´r Awig´ AwiQq´ Awrog´M ieq´Mq sMswrs´
sMcráu shwráu sgl´M siq´M smibÁM smwcirÉ srbg´ sl´
isMmRqb´ isK´w isD´M isD´qy ismrqb´ isrijáu suK´M suDwK´r hq´M
hráu ihq´Mq hIxs´ ktwK´ kráu kl´ klÁucrY kl´wnu kl´wnw
ik´hu kutMb´qy k®qg´ Kwd´M K´qRI gMm´M ig´wn guxg´ guxg´M gung´
g´wn g´win g´wnu g´wnµ g´wnIAhu Cwifáu Cutk´w Cyd´qy js´
jiK´ jK´ jg´ jnms´ jpáu jl´ jlń jwg´w jwnáu joiq´M
JwVáu fráu fubMq´h qs´ qwráu iqAwig´ iq´wig iqRp´qy qIK´x
Qpáu Qwin´M idb´ duK´M durlB´ dydIp´ Dráu Dwiráu iD´wvY D´wie

D´wieAau D´wieAE D´wieAw D´wieXau D´weI D´weIAY D´wn D´wnu

D´wnµ D´wvxh nK´qR nK´qRw nl´ inrq´M invwráu pCwVáu
pq´wie prisáu prkws´w prqK´ piráu prIK´qu bMmÁu bis´Mq
bK´wxI bK´wn bK´wnu bl´ bwsudyvis´ bwsÍdyvs´ ibK´wqw ibK´wdM
ibgsIiD´ ibg´wipœ ibd´mwn ibD´M buD´M bYd´M b´wsu b´wkrx b´wiD
b´wpqu b´wpwru b´wipqM Bgq´M Bb´M Bl´ BlÁu iBK´w mDM´q mD´
mnuK´ mwináu mwnuK´ mwnuK´M imqRs´ imQ´Mq imQ´w imiláu imiló
im´wny imRqÁu muKbwk´ rMgÓ rsáu rh´w rK´w rog´M liK´x lK´
lK´x lK´w lbiD´M lbD´M lB´qy lwgÓ ilKáu ilK´xa: ilp´qy
vs´M vK´wnw vráu
SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI
dIrG suAr nw l`gw hovy;
Sbd lgmwqRI dw bdlxw SuD aucwrx
1. sMswrs´ sMswrisA sMswr~isA
2. hIxs´ hIxisA hIx~isA
3. kl´ kilA k~ilA
4. Ainq´ AiniqA Ain~iqA
5. jnms´ jnmisA jnm~isA
6. bwsudyvis´ bwsudyvisA bwsudyv~isA
7. prqK´ prqiKA prq~iKA
8. nl´ nilA n~ilA
9. mwnuK´M mwnuiKAM mwnu~iKAM
10. lbD´M lbiDAM lb~iDAM

SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI
dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;
1. ktwK´ ktwiKA ktwiKA
2. Awrog´M AwroigAM AwroigAM
3. lK´w liKAw liKAW
4. Cutk´w CutikAw CutikAw
SbdW dy ivckwrly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ

koeI dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;
1. auj´wrw auijAwrw auijAwrw
2. Avqiráu AvqirAau AvqirAau
3. AMD´wrw AMiDAwrw AMiDAwrw
4. Ag´wnu AigAwnu AigAwnu
5. sMcráu sMcirAau sMcirAau
6. iD´wvY iDAwvY iDAwvY
7. nK´qR niKAqR niKAqR

d. pYrIN ‘t’
{ † } The half (Paireen) 'Tainkaa' character has been used
10 times. The 'Paireen Tainkaa' character is never used
in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Tainkaa' are as follows:
1. isRis† sirsit
2. girs† girst
3. idRis† dirsit
4. ibs†w ibstw
5. ims† imst

e. pYrIN ‘n’
{ ˜ } The half (Paireen) 'Nannaa' character has been used
11 times. . The 'Paireen Nannaa' character is never used
'Nannaa' are as follows:
1. ies˜wnu iesnwnu
2. s˜yh snyh
3. s˜yhM snyhM
4. ik®s˜ kirsn
5. ik®s˜M kirsnM
6. ik®s˜w kirsnw
7. bYs˜vh bYsnvh

f. pYrIN ‘q’
{ œ } The half (Paireen) 'Tataa' character has been used
13 times. The 'Paireen Tataaaa' character is never used
'Tataa' are as follows:
1. ausœiq ausqiq
2. Asœ Asq
3. hsœ hsq
4. dsœgIrI dsqgIrI
5. nwisœ nwsiq
6. insœwrhu insqwrhu
7. pusœk pusqk
8. ibsœrIXw ibsqrIXw
9. ibsœIrnh ibsqIrnh
10. ibg´wipœ ibigAwpiq
11. Bigœ Bgiq
12. msœk msqk

g. pYrIN ‘v’
{ Í } The half (Paireen) 'Vavaa' character has been used
73 times. The 'Paireen Vavaa' character is rarely used in
modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Vavaa'
are as follows:
AsÍ sÍsiq sÍsQ sÍC sÍjnh sÍrg sÍrUpM sÍrUpI sÍwsw sÍwig
sÍwgI sÍwd sÍwdu sÍwn sÍwmI sÍWg sÍWgu sÍWgI jgdIsÍrh dÍwir
dÍwirkw prmysÍr prmysÍrh bwsÍdyvs´ ibsÍ ibsÍMBr ibsÍws
ibsÍwsu ibsÍwsw ibsÍwn bysÍw bYsÍWqrh
1. AsÍ AsuA
2. sÍsiq suAsiq
3. sÍrUpI suArUpI
4. sÍwmI suAwmI
5. sÍwd suAwd
6. sÍWg suAWg
7. prmysÍrh prmysuArh
8. bwsÍdyvs´ bwsuAdyvìsA
9. ibsÍMBr ibsuAMBr
10. ibsÍwn ibsuAwn

11. bYsÍWqrh bYsuAWqrh
12. jgdIsÍrh jgdIsuArh
h. pYrIN ‘c’
{ ç } The half (Paireen) 'Chachaa' have been used 5
times. The 'Paireen Chachaa' character is never used in
modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen)
'Chachaa' are as follows:
1. Asçrj Ascrj
2. insçl inscl
3. psçim pscim

i. pYrIN ‘ u’
{ ü } A special 'Aunkarh' character that is placed under a
"Paireen" charcater (character at the bottom of another
charcater) has been used 169 times. This situation does
not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as
follows:
ADRüv ApivqRü ieMdRü sqRü smudRü suimqRü sRüiq klqRü kl´ücrY kwn@ü ck®ü
CqRü iCdRü qMqRü QMm@ü dirdRü dwirdRü idRV@ü dRüst dRüstweI dRüstW dRügMDq
dRügMDw dRügm dRüm dRülB DRüik DRüv pivqRü pVHü pwqRü puqRü bMm´ü blBdRü
Bl´ü mMqRü imqRü imRq´ü rudRü
1. ADRüv ADruv
2. kl´ücrY klaucrY k`laucrY
3. dRüstweI drustweI
4. DRüik Druik
5. pVHü prVhu
6. bMm´ü bMimau
7. Bl´ü Bilau
8. imRq´ü miriqau

j. pYrIN ‘ U’
{ ¨ } A special 'dulainkarh' character that is placed under
a "Paireen" character (charcater at the bottom of another
charcater) has been used 20 times. This situation does
not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as follows:
1. Ak®¨ru AkrUru
2. k®¨r krUr
3. QRïtit QrUitit
4. DR¨ DrU
5. DRÄ DrUA

3.0 do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)

A combination of 'Aunkarh' & "Haurhaa' is not used in
modern Punjabi, but has been used in Siri Guru Granth
Sahib text. Such words are as follows:
AMcluo AMimRquo Anidnuo Amuolu eykuo srbsuo swgruo suo suoien suoeI
suohMdw suohMdI suohwgix suohwgxI suohwgin suohwvY suohylw suojwxw
huoeI huoqy kuotvwrI gnuo guoAwlw guosweI guosweIAw guopwl guopwlw
guoibMd guoibMdu guoibMdy guoivMd guoivMdu cuorwey jhwnuo jgdIsuorw jwluo juo
juoAwnI juonIAY juolwhw fuolwieAw fuolweI quoih quohI quolwiesI
quolwhw quolwvY duoAwlY duohwgix Dnuo nwmuo inrmluo pCuoqwvY prvwnuo
ibbykuo buolweIAw buolwn BXuo Buogvq BuogvY BuolwieAw Buolwey
mwnorQuo imAwnuo mukquo muoih muohwrw muoin muonI muoil luokweI luokwnI
luocwnI luoBwie luoBweIAw luoBwnu luoBwnw luoBwvih luoVydw luoVydw
ieHnW SbdW dw aucwrx { uo } donW lgW dI imlvIN Avwj ivc

krnw hY[

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-2
Content
1.0 gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation)
a) SbdW dw SuD aucwrn

b) ‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx
c) AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx
d) dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn
e) ‘X’ A`Kr
f) ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2 Page 53

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2
Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words
1.0 gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation)

gurbwxI dw Su`D aucwrx ArQW ƒ mu`K rKky ies pRkwr hY;
The correct pronunciations of word in Gurbani in

related to the meanings are as follows;
a) SbdW dw SuD aucwrn
gurbwxI dw hr iek Sbd gurU swihb jI dy aupdyS dw AMg hY[
ies krky gurbwxI aucwrx smyN swfw pUrw iDAwn ies dy TIk Aqy
ivcwr sihq aucwrx v`l hoxw AqI zrUrI hY[
Gurbani’s each word is the sermon of Guru Ji therefore
the pronunciation of each word must be accurate. We
must carefully utter the words so that the meaning is
reflected correctly as well
SuD ArQ ASuD ArQ

aucwrx aucwrx
1 pRhux pRwhuxw pwhun p`Qr
2 bgul bgulw bgl moFy dy Q`ly
dI QW
3 ibrK ru`K ibRK b`ld
4 kuicl mYl kucl kuclnw
5 jau jykr jo jyhVw
6 imlIjY imlnw mlIjY ml dyxw
7 ijh ijs jh ijQy
8 gwvwie gONaudw gvwie gvw dyxw
9 pieAwly pwqwl ipAwly brqn
10 DirjY DIrj kro DrIjY r`K dyvo
11 Aghu A-ghu (pkiVAw AghuN swhmxy v`l
nw jwieN)

swƒ hr mwqrw dw aucwrx ilKy Anuswr hI krnw cwhIdw hY[ (jykr

ieh mwqrw ivAwkwrixk/ArQAwqmk hY qW aucwrx nhIN krdy)[
lGU mwqrw dw dIrG mwqrw Aqy dIrG mwqrw dw lGU mwqrw vWg
aucwrx nhIN kr skdy[ieh ASu`D aucwrx hovygw[ swƒ hr mwqrw dw
TIk aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy AsIN iksy mwqrw dw koloN vDw ky
jW C`f ky aucwrn nhIN kr skdy[
lWvW dw dulWvW, ishwrI dw ibhwrI, hoVy dw knOVw, AONkV dw dulYNkVy
Aqy iesy qrHW aulty rUpW ivc mwqrw dw aucwrxw ASu`D hY[
ijvyN:- rKy dw rKY, Bgiq dw BgqI, duD dw dUD, mol dw mOl
Awid[
b) ‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx

‘Aau’ ijhVy SbdW ivc AwauNdw hYY, auhnW dw aucwrx sUKSm kIqw
jwvygw[ ijvyN:-AauqrY=AOqrY[ pr aucwrx AauqrY qoN bhuq AMqr nw
hovy[ smJwax vwsqy ‘AO’ hI ilKxw pY irhw hY[ iesy qrHW ‘kaun’
dw aucwrx kOn (mukqw dw ‘A’ Aqy au imlwky kO) kIqw jWdw hY[
pr ‘AO’ dI DunI ƒ lmkwA ky nhIN aucwrxw [ iesy qrHW pauVI,
qau, sMBau, swcau, pihsAau Awid dw aucwrx kro[
not:- gurbwxI ivc ‘AO’ dI QW ‘Aau’ ilKq imldI hY[ AOgx
/Aaugx, AauKDu/AOKD, kOVI/kauVI[
c) AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx
AwKrI A`Kr nwl AweI sÍr lMmyrI aucwrdy hW[ jie, Bie, sie,
pie Awid[ Prau, dIau, auie, koie, jIie Awid lMmyrI DunI krky
aucwry jWdy hn[
The last consonant with syllable e, a shall be uttered in
a lengthy manner.

d) dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn
ivAMjn A`KrW ivcoN bhuqy kyvl iek`lI iek`lI DunI dy lKwiek

hn, pr kuJ A`Kr Aijhy vI hn ijnW dIAW do do DunIAW hn,
ijvyN[
Normally each consonant has a dedicated sound except
for the following consonants has dual sound in
pronunciation;
G J F D
B s K g
j P l
i. ‘G’, ‘J’, ‘F’, ‘D’ Aqy ‘B’ dw aucwrx

jykr Sbd dy ArMB ivc hox qW AwpxI DunI dyNdy hn[ ijvyN:-
If any word STARTS with one of these letters above,
then pronounce these letters in its original sound. Eg:
GuimAwr JwVU FolkI Dylw BWfw
jykr ieh A`Kr iksy Sbd dy ivcwly jW AMq ivc Awaux qW

G=gH(in`G),F=fH (gMF), D=dH(du`D),B=bH (jyb)[
If the word ENDS with any of these letters or these
letters appear in the MIDDLE of the word, then
pronounce the letter using the sound of their earlier
letter in the word. Eg m`Gr would be pronounce as
mgr

Sbd aucwrx Sbd aucwrx

FwFI FwfHI in`G ingH
gMF gMfH du`D dudH
sB sbH swD swdH
AwDwr AwdHwr buJ bujH
EFwny EfHny AMB AMbH
AMDkwr AMdHkwr BwBI BwbHI
gMDx gMdHx aurJwvih aurjHwvih
ii. ‘s’, ‘K’, ‘g’, ‘j’ Aqy ‘P’ dw aucwrx

ieh AKrW dw aucwrx bdldw jdoN Sbd ArbI, &wrsI, aurdU
dw hovy, ijvyN;
S (sh) ^ (khe) Z (ge) z (z) & (f)
gurbwxI ivc kuJ Sbd &wrsI bolI dy hn ijvyN;

Xk Arj guPqm pyis qo dr gos kun krqwr ]
hkw kbIr krIm qU byAYb prvdgwr ]1]
dunIAw mukwmy PwnI qhkIk idl dwnI ]
mm sr mUie AjrweIl igrPqh idl hyic n dwnI ]1] rhwau ]
jn ipsr pdr ibrwdrW ks nys dsqMgIr ]
AwiKr ibAPqm ks n dwrd cUM svd qkbIr ]2]
sb roj gsqm dr hvw krdym bdI iKAwl ]
gwhy n nykI kwr krdm mm eIN icnI Ahvwl ]3]
bdbKq hm cu bKIl gwiPl bynjr bybwk ]
nwnk bugoXd jnu qurw qyry cwkrW pw Kwk ]4]1]
(721-8, iqlµg, mhlw 1)

Sbd aucwrx Sbd aucwrx

Arj Arz guPqm gu&qm
gos goS PwnI &wnI
igrPqh igr&qh jn zn
ibAPqm ibA&qm svd Sv`d
sb Sb roj roz
gsqm gSqm iKAwl iÂwl
bdbKq bdb^q bKIl bÎl
gwiPl gwi&l bynjr bynzr
Kwk ^wk
iii. Sbd Byd

d Aqy D, f Aqy F DunI spSt aucwrx krnI zrUrI hY
ikayuYNik DunI ivc &rk pYx nwl ArQ bdl jWdy hn[
ijvyN:- gMd (dirt) /gMD (ûSbU), m`D (ivcwly) / md (Srwb),
audwr icq (dwnI) / auDwr dyxw, swfy(Apuny) / swFy (½) cwr
mItr, v`fI BYx/v`FI (irSvq) lYxI, fwhy(thirst) / Fwhy
(demolish) Awid[
iv. ‘l’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

‘l’ A`Kr dIAW do DunIAW hn, iek DunI dw aucwrx bu`t auqy
huMdw hY Aqy dUjI dw kTor qwlU auqy, ijvyN;
iek AwpIn@Y pqlI sh kyry bolw ]

(794-18, sUhI, PrId jI)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

bolw bol bcn ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN

mwieAwDwrI Aiq AMnw bolw ]

(313-17, gauVI kI vwr, mhlw 3)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

bolw bol bcn ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN
ijnw gurisKw kau hir sMqustu hY iqnI siqgur kI gl mMnI ]

(591-1, vfhMsu, mhlw 3)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

gl bwq ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN
duXY Bwie ivgucIAY gil peIsu jm kI Pws ]

(134-7, mWJ, mhlw 5)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

gil grdn ivc ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN
Kl mUrK qy pMifqu kirbo pMifq qy mugDwrI ]3]

(1252-6, swrMg, kbIr jI)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

Kl mUrK ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN
kwcI srsauN pyil kY nw Kil BeI n qylu ]240]

(1377-11, slok, kbIr jIau)
Sbd ArQ SuD aucwrx

Kil PUs, cmVI ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN

e) ‘X’ A`Kr
i. gurbwxI dI ilKq ivc SbdW dw ArMBk ‘X’ ivAMjn
DunI pRgtwauNdw hY[
ii. SbdW dw ivckwrlw Aqy AMqlw ‘X’ suAr dy qOr qy
AwauNdw hY; pUry rUp (X) ivc vI, AD-kty ( Î) ivc vI
Aqy pYr-icMn rUp ( ´ ) ivc vI[
iii. suAr ‘X’ dI DunI swrIAW QWvy iek-swr nhIN huMdI ;
v`K-v`K SbdW ivc &rko-&rkI (vKrw) hY
iv. sAr ‘X’ dy bdl ivc v`K v`K lgmwqRI suArW vrqoN
huMdIAW hn[
f) ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
i. AwrMB ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

‘X’ A`Kr ivAMjn vI hY Aqy A`D-suAr (semi-vowel) vI[
jdoN ‘X’ A`Kr iksy Sbd dy AwrMB ivc Awvy qW qwlU qoN bolI
jwx vwlI ivAMjn DunI dw lKwiek huMdw hY ijvyN;
Xwr Xh Xk XwrW
Xmunw Xog XqIm XkIn
ii. AMq ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx
i. ‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl
1. jX jY X= Y
2. mX mY X= Y
3. BX BY / Bie X = Y (ie)
4. dX d X= Y

ii. ‘X’ mukqw ƒ ‘A’ mukqw dw aucwrx

1. gunIX gunIA X=A
2. rmxIX rmxIA X=A
iii. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ lgU lg-mwqR

1. diX deIie X = eI + ie
2. dXu deIau X = eI + a
3. cwX cwie X = ie
4. quXM quieAM X = ie + A
iv. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR

1. BXw BieAw* X = ie + A
BeIAw X = eI + A
2. pXw pieAw X = ie + A
3. dXY deIAY X = eI + A
4. AXo AieE X = ie + E
5. jXo jieE X = ie + E
6. kwXw kwieAW X = ie + A
7. duXw duieAw X = ie + A
8. duXI duieeI X = ie + e
9. muXy mueIey X = eI + e
10. duXY duieAY X = ie + A
iii. mD ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

pr jdoN ‘X’ iksy Sbd dy ivckwr ivc Awvy jW iksy A`Kr dy
pYr ivc Awvy qW ieh suAr jW lg rUp ivc huMdw hY[
i. ‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd

1. bXx bYx (biex) X = Y (ie)
2. mXh mieAh X = ie + A
3. nXix nYx X= Y
4 bXix bYix X= Y
ii. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR

1. kwXau kwieAau X = ie + A
2. BYXwn BYieAwn X = ie + A
3. DwXMqy DwieAMqy X = ie + A
4. AXwnw AieAwnw X = ie + A
iv. ‘X’ A`Kr dw ArQ Byd

gurbwxI ivc Awey ieko ijhI bxqr vwly SbdW ivc suAr ‘X’ dw
bdlvW lg-mwqRI rUp v`K-v`K QweIN sMbMDq SbdW dy ADwr qy
&rko &rkI bxdw hY[ Aijhy kuJ Sbd qy auhnW dw bdlvW lg-
mwqRI rUp Q`ly id`qw jWdw hY[
sbd AMg aucwrn ArQ

1. BXw 137 BieAw ho igAw
2. BXw 137 BeIAw BweI/Brw

PRONUNCIATIONS OF YEYA LETTER
XXy A`KrW dw aucwrn
pwT aucwrx ArQ

duXw duieAw dUjw
dXu deIau pyRrk, idAwlU
dXY deIAY pyRrk nMU
duXY duieAY dYÍq Bwv
diX deIie pyRrk, idAwlU
duXI duieeI dUjI
BXw BeIAw BweI, Brw
BYXwn BYieAwn BY dwiek
rXiq reIAiq prjw
rmXy rmeIey rimAw hoieAw
rmxIX rmxIA suMdr

pwT aucwrx ArQ

muXy mueIey ipAwrIey
mXh mieAh srUp
mX mY srUp
pwXM pwieAM pwauxw
pXw pieAw peI, ilKq
pXwl pieAwl pqwl
AXo AieE AwieAw
AXwnw AieAwnw bwlk, A\wxw
kwXau kwieAau dyh, srIr
quXM quieAM qyrI, qyry qy
DwXMqy DwieAMqy Dwvw krnw
idRVMqxÚ idRVMqxh idRVH krnw
cwX cwie auqSwh

pwT aucwrx ArQ

nXix nYix nyqR, A~KW
bXix bYix bcn
jXo jieE jY jY kwr
jX jY jY jY kwr

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-3
Content
2.0 ‘h’ dy nym (The principal of consonant ‘h’)
3.0 ‘h’ A`Kr dw SuD aucwrx (Pronunciation of ‘h’)

a) ‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc[
b) ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx[
c) SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[
4.0 ivsrg (Ú)

gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2
Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’
1. ‘h’ A`Kr krky Sbd joVW leI kuJ ku Kws nym hn:-
a. jy ‘h’ Sbd dy ivckwr Awvy qW pihly A`Kr ƒ lW ( y) lwaux dI
QW ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘myhnq’ dI QW ‘imhnq’, ‘syhq’
dI QW ‘ishq’, ‘jyhVw’ dI QW ‘ijhVw’ ilKo [
If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using

a lav ‘ y’ on the first letter, sihari ‘i ’ should be used.
b. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dulweIAW ( Y ) lwaux dI QW ‘h’ ƒ

ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘SYhr’ dI QW ‘Sihr’, ‘dupYhrw’ dI QW
‘duiphrw’ ilKo[
If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using

a lav ‘ Yy’ on the letter before ‘h’ letter, sihari ‘i ’
should be used.
c. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O ) nw lwE, sgoN aus ƒ mukqw

r`Ko qy ‘h’ ƒ AONkV lwE, ijvyN bOhq dI QW bhuq, vOhtI dI QW
vhutI, sONh dI QW shuM ilKo [
Do not use ‘ O’ on any letter which comes before ‘h’

letter keep the letter ‘mukqw’ and use the appropriate
syllable e.g. sihari ‘i ’ or ‘ u’ and ‘ M’ to replace ‘ N ’
instead.
pr kyhr, Ajyhw, jyhw, gOhr, jOhr, AOh hn [ pVnWv ‘ieh’ qy

‘auyh’ dy iek-vcn (singular) qy bhu-vcn (plural) rUp ieko hI
hn[
2. ‘h’ A`Kr dw aucwrx[

aucwrx dy p`KoN ‘h’ A`Kr iDAwn Xog hY ikaNik v`K v`K SbdW ivc
vrqINdw hY Aqy ies dI DunI dy TIk-TIk aucwrx au~qy gurbwxI dw SuD
aucwrx kw&I h`d qk inrBr krdw hY[
While pronouncing the consonant ‘h’ proper attention must

be given to the various sounds produced by ‘h’ in different
words which has different combinations of syllables.
i. ‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc (consonant ‘h’ in the
begining)[
‘h’ A`Kr jdoN iksy Sbd dy ArMB ivc Awvy, BwvyN mukqw jW iksy
lgU jW dIrG lg-mwqR sihq, qW ies dw aucwrx ausy qrW dw hI hY
ijvyN iliKAW hoieAw hY[ If the consonant ‘h’ appears in the
begining of a word then the pronunciation should be in its
original sound.
hau hn hir hmwrw hwlu
hoeIAY hY hoir hoie hMsu
hukmy hsIAY ihkmiq ihku hsny
ii. ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx ( The

pronunciation of consonant ‘h’ in between a word)
a. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
ivckwr ‘h’, mukqw hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
hovy qW ies pihly A`Kr dw aucwrx dulwvW nwl krdy hW[

pr iehnW dulwvW dw aucwrx sUKSm krnw hY[ If the

consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has
no syllable as well then the earlier letter is
pronounced with dulava ‘ Y’.
Sbd SuD aucwrn aucwrx syD
1. mhl mYhl mY-hl
2. kumhl kumYhl ku-mYhl
3. ghxw gYhxw gYh-xw
4. shs sYhs sY-hs
5. thl tYhl tY-hl
6. mhlI mYhlI mYh-lI
7. mhliq mYhlq mYh-lq
8. ghx gYhx gY-hx
b. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ ishwrI hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ ishwrI

( i ) hovy qW aucwrx lwvW ( y ) krdy hW[ If the
consonant before ‘h’ has syllable sihari ‘i ’and
‘h’ has no syllable then the earlier letter is
pronounced with lav ‘ y’.

1. imhr myhr my-hr
2. ikhr kyhr ky-hr
3. ikhVw kyhVw kyh-Vw
4. ichrw cyhrw cyh-rw
5. ishrw syhrw syh-rw
6. ijhVw jyhVw jyh-Vw
7. ivhVw vyhVw vyh-Vw
8. imhnq myhnq myh-nq
9. ishq syhq sy-hq
c. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ AONkV hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ AONkV

( u ) hovy qW ieh hoVw aucwrdy hW[
If the consonant before ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ and ‘h’

has no syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced
with hora ‘ o’.

1. muhxw mohxw moh-xw
2. suhxw sohxw soh-xw
3. duhrw dohrw doh-rw
4. quh&w qoh&w qoh-&w
d. ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI ( i ) pr ies qoN pihlw A`Kr

mukqw hovy qW aucwrx dulwvW ( Y ) dw huMdw hY[ If the
consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has
sihari ‘ i ’syllable then the earlier letter is
pronounced with ‘ Y’.
1. nihr nYhr nY-ihr
2. zihr zYhr zY-ihr
3. kihxw kYhxw kY-ihxw
4. gihxw gYhxw gY-ihxw
auprokq SbdW ivc ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dIrG suAr

dolwvW sUKSm aucwrx kro Aqy ‘h’ A`Kr dI ishwrI vI
bolxI cwhIdI hY[

The above words add-on syllable ‘ Y’ shall be

pronounced in soft tone and the syllable sihari ‘i ’
on the consonant ‘h’ should be pronounced as
well.
e. ‘h’ ƒ AONkV Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[
ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ AONkV ( u ) hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr

mukqw hovy qW ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O )
nwl aucwrdy hW[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no
syllable and ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ syllable then the
earlier letter is pronounced with kenora ‘ O ’.
1. vhutI vOhtI vOh-tI
2. bhuqw bOhqw bOh-qw
3. shurw sOhrw sOh-rw
4. mhurw mOhrw mOh-rw
iii. SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[

a. ‘h’ mukqw
AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw
hovy[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable
and ‘h’ has no syllable as well, then the earlier
letter is pronounced with dulava ‘ Y ’.
1. punh punYh pu-nYh
2. jgdIsurh jgdIsurYh jgdIsurYh
3. AMDh AMDYh AM-DYh
4. dUqh dUqYh dU-qYh
5. lfwvh lfwvYh lfw-vYh
6. pRiqpwlkh pRiqpwlkYh pRiqpwl-kYh
7. aurDh aurDYh aur-DYh
8. kyhrh kyhrYh kyh-rYh
b. AMq vwly ‘h’ qoN pihlW ‘A’ A`Kr[
AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlW ‘A’ hovy:-loAh
Aqy AwroAh - hoVw lmkwA ky aucwro Aqy ‘h’ sUKSm
aucwro[ bfVwgIAh, lwjIAh[ - iesy qrHW ibhwrI lmkwA
ky Aqy h aucwro[
If the consonant before ‘h’ is a vowel ‘A’ then

the big (dIrG) syllable on the earlier consonant is
is pronounced in a lengthy tone.

c. AMq vwly ‘h’ qy kMnw[
AMq ivc h kMny nwl;
Sbd ArQ
gwhw gweIey
jwhw jweIey
pwhw pweIey
lwhw lhIey
Arpwhw ArpIey
smwhw smweIey
d. AMq ivc Awey ‘ih’ dw aucwrx
ieih, Aih dw aucwrx iesy rUp ivc kIqw jWdw hY[

jdoN Sbd dy AMqly ‘ih’ pihly A`Kr ƒ koeI suAr lgw hovy
qW ‘h’ A`Kr dy Awpxy suArI gux dy kwrn AMqly lgU suAr
( i ) dI DunI swDwrn nwloN kuJ vDyry lMmI ho jwieAw krdI
hY[When the consonant ‘h’ appears with an sihari
‘i ’ and the earlier consonant or vowel has a
syllable then the sound of ‘ih’ becomes lengthy
naturally.
ieih Awih kwih Asnyih

moih muih qoih poih

aupRokq SbdW dw aucwrx kridAW AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gy suAr

( i ) dI DunI ƒ k`s ky bolxw cwhIdw hY, qW jo ieh lW ( y)
dI DunI nw bx jwvy[ It should be noted that while
pronouncing the ‘ih’ tone must be precise (by
putting in some stress) so that the sound does not
reflect the sound of lav ‘ y’syllable.
AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gI ishwrI dI DunI G`t lMmI kIqI jw skdI

hY, jy pihly A`Kr ƒ l`gI dIrG lg-mwqR dI DunI ƒ kuJ
hor lmkwA ky ‘h’ dI pRwxqw (aspiration) ƒ k`s ky
CìfAw jwvy[ The pronounciation of the syllable
sihari ‘i ‘on the consonant ‘h’ can be shorten by
stressing on the big ‘dIrG’ syllable on the earlier
consonant or vowel.
e. AMq ivc ‘h’ ƒ AONkV l`gw hovy

Sbd aucwrx
1. ivchu ivchou
2. BMfhu BMfhou
3. AMdrhu AMdrhou
4. Arshu Arshou
5. kurshu kurshuo
6. srIrhu srIrhou
7. suKhu suKhuo
8. ivthu ivthou
9. suxhu suxhou
10. jwghu jwghou
11. bwJhu bwJhuo
12. mMinhu mMinhuo
13. kwblhu kwblhuo

14. muKhu muKhuo
15. hQhu hQhuo
16. dUrhu dUrhuo
isDWq:-‘hu’ jd Sbd dy AMq ivc hovy Aqy ies dw aucwrx

krnw hY qW ‘h’ dy nwl sUKSm hoVw ( o) dw aucwrx
kro[‘ho’ DunI krnI ASu`D hY[ ijvyN:- bhou, khuo ƒ aucwrdy
hW[ In order to pronounce ‘hu’ at the end of a word,
the syllable hora ‘ o’shall be used in a soft tone
which reflects the sound in between of an onkar ‘
u’ and hora ‘ o’.
f. iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI dw prspr &rk[

The difference in sound between a single and a
double ‘h’.
nWv (Noun) Sbd

iek`lw ‘h’ dUhrw ‘h’
1. rwhu rwhhu
2. isAwhu isAwhhu
3. swhu swhhu
iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV krqw (creator) kwrk

(case) Aqy krm (subject) kwrk dw iek-vcnI
(singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskqw
(nasal sound) qoN bgYr hY, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc
AMqlw ‘hu’ Apwdwn kwrk (Ablative*) dw iek-vcnI
(singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskI

hY[*(Ablative :- denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and

adjectives indicating the agent in passive sentences or the
instrument, manner, or place of the action described by the verb)
ikirAw (Verb) Sbd
iek`lw ‘h’ dUhrw ‘h’

1. khu khhu
2. bhu bhhu
3. rhu rhhu
4. shu shhu
iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV hY ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN

hukmI Biv`Kq kwl (future tense), m`Dm purK, iek-
vcn dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy
Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI
Biv`Kq kwl, m`Dm purK, bhu-vcn (plural) dIAW
ikirAW bxIAW hn [
incoV:
‘khu’ Aqy ‘khuh’ iehnW do iksmW dy sbdW dy aucwrx
ivc &rk kyvl iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ A`Kr dy DunI -
bl dw hY[ iekihry ‘h’ dI DunI nwloN dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI
Av`S hI BrvIN, pRbl Aqy lMmyrI hovygI[
Summary: The difference between in
pronunciation of a single and double consonant
‘h’ is that double ‘h’ is pronounced in greater
emphasis which doubles the sound of a single
‘h’.

3. ivsrg (Ú)
gurbwxI AMdr ‘gwQw’ nwm dI bwxI AMdr kuJ SbdW dy AMq ivc au~pr-
Q`ly Coty Coty do c`krW vwly icMn (Ú) ijvyN ‘semi-colon’ dw icMn huMdw hY[
ies icMnH ƒ nwgrI il`pI ivc ‘ivsrg’ khIdw hY Aqy ies dw aucwrx
koml ‘h’ dI DunI smwn huMdw hY[ hyT ilKy kuJ Sbd ijMnHW ivc ies
icMnH dI vrqoN kIqI imldI hY;
Sbd aucwrx
1. idRVMqxÚ idRVMqxh
2. ilKx´Ú ilKixAh
3. sMpUrxÚ sMpUrxh
4. rMgxÚ rMgxh
ivsrg dI vrqoN rwgW ivcwly isrlyKW ivc vI kIqI hY, ijvyN ‘mÚ’ ijs
dw aucwrx ‘mh`lw’ krIdw hY[
Sbd aucwrx
1. mÚ 1 mh`lw pihlw
2. mÚ 2 mh`lw dUjw
3. mÚ 3 mh`lw qIjw
4. mÚ 4 mh`lw cOQw
5. mÚ 5 mh`lw pMjvw

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-4
Content
1.0 gurbwxI dy isrlyK (Pronunciation of Gurbani Titles)
2.0 suD (Sudh)
3.0 SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (Numbers at End of Shabad)

Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers
1. gurbwxI dy isrlyK
a. mhlw dw aucwrn
sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI ivc ij`Qy vI Awvy mhlw ƒ ‘mh`lw’ hI
aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY ikauNik ‘mh`lw’ puilMg Sbd hY Aqy
aucwrx ivc mh`lw pihlw, dUjw, qIjw, cOQw, pMjvW Aqy nwvW
puilMg Sbd[ mh`lw dw ArQ sMsikRq ivc srUp hY Aqy ArbI ivc
bwdSwh hY[ gurbwxI ivc ies Sbd nwl gurU swihbwn ƒ
jxwieAw igAw hY[
Mahla word must be pronounced as Mahla and not

Mehla wherever it appears in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji.
This word denotes the Guru who have uttered the
particular Shabad therefore it refers to a Guru therefore
Mahla word is masculine. In various occasions in Sri
Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Ji wrote in words the
pronounciation of the number in word’s such as Pahla,
Duja, Tija, Choutha, Panjwa and Nava’n.
b. isr-lyK SbdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Titles)
isr-lyK aucwrx ArQ
1 <> siqgur pRswid ] iek E-AM-kwr
2 AwrqI AwrqI AwrqI Sbd
3 AlwhxIAw AlwhxIAW imRqk gIq
4 AnMd AnMd pRsMnqw
5 AMjlI / AMjlIAW AMjlI / AMjlIAW bynqIAW

6 AstpdIAW AstpdIAW A`T pOVIAW
7 iek quky iek quky iek quk vwly

Sbd
8 eyk suAwn ky Gr eyk suAwn ky Gr Sbd dI qwr hY

gwvxw gwvxw
9 sodr sodr auh dr
10 so purK so purK so vwihgurU
11 soihlw soihlw js gwauxw
12 solhy solhy CMd mwqR gIq
12 suD su`D suD kIqI hoeI
14 suD kIcy su`D kIcy suD kIqI hoeI
15 suDMg su-DMg suD krky gwE
16 sucjI suc`jI / su-cjI cMgy Awcrn

vwlI iesqRI
17 sd s`d AKIrI s`dw
18 isD gosit isD gosit isD -is`DIAW

vwly, goSt-
pRSn auqr
crcw
19 sbd sbd Sbd
20 suKmnI suK-mnI su`KW dI mnI

21 slok slok CMd dw nwm
22 slok shsikRqI slok shs-kirqI hjwrW hI js
23 slok vwrW qy vDIk slok vwrW qy vwr ivc iek

vDIk pauVI nwl do
slok
24 svXy / sveIey sveIey
25 sorTy sor-Ty
26 kucjI kuc`jI / ku-cjI BYVI iesqRI
27 kwPI kwPI
28 krhly kr-hly au~dm
29 guxvMqI gux-vMqI guxW vwlI

iesqRI
30 gwQw gwQw CMd dw nwm
31 GoVIAw GoVIAW ivAwh smy dy

gIq
32 Gr Gr sur-qwl
33 cauboly cau-boly 4 pdW dw Sbd
34 iCpdy iC-pdy 4 pdW dw Sbd
35 iCMj iCMj
36 CMq CMnq CMq CMnq js

37 jiq (ibrhVy Gru 4 j~iq CMqW dI Dwrnw

CMqw kI jiq)
38 fKxy fKxy isMDI BwKw

(BwSw) ivc
slok
39 iQqI iQqI iq`QW duAwrw

aucwrI
40 idn rYx idn rYx idn rwq

duAwrw aucwrI
41 dKnI / dKxI EAMkwr dKnI / dKxI 35 A`KrW

EAMkwr duAwrw aucwrI
42 Dunw Dunw Dun
43 pauVI pauVI iek pd dw

nwm
44 phry phry pihrW duAwrw

aucwrI
45 pihirAW ky Gr gwvxw pihirAW ky Gr

gwvxw
46 pVqwl pVqwl gaux dI syD
47 ptI / ptI ilKI p`tI / p`tI ilKI A`KrW duAwrw

aucwrI
48 pdy / pdw pdy / pdw Sbd

49 Punhy Punhy bwrMbwr
50 bwvn AKrI bwvn AKrI A`KrW duAwrw

aucwrI
51 ibrhVy ibrhVy vYrwg vwlI

cwl
52 bwrh mwh bwrw mwh 12 mhIinAW

duAwrw aucwrI
53 mMgl mMgl KuSI
54 mhl mh`l srUp / pwqswh
55 muMdwvxI muMdwvxI bujwrq
56 XwnVIey kY Gr gwvxw XwnVIey kY Gr 3 qwr ivc

gwvxw gwauxw
57 ruqI ruqI 6 ruqW duAwrw

aupdyS
58 rwg rwg rwg
59 rhoey kY CMqw ky Gr rhoey kY CMqw ky

Gr
60 rhwau rhwau iesiQq, Atko
61 Lwvw lwvW ivvwh dy Sbd
62 vwr vwr js
63 vwr 7 / vwr sq vwr 7 / vwr s`q

c. sMDI Sbd (Joint Words)

gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;
The titles in Gurbani which specifies the numbers of

stanza are as follow;
Ssd aucwrx ArQ
1. AstpdIAw Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy
2 dupdy du-pdy 2 pdy
3 iqpdy iq-pdy 3 pdy
4 caupdy cau-pdy 4 pdy
5 pMcpdy pMc-pdy 5 pdy
6 iCpdy iC-pdy 6 pdy
7 iekqukw iek-qukw 1 quk
8 duquky du-quky 2 quky
9 iqquky iq-quky 3 quky
10 cauquky cau-quky 4 quky
d. AMkW dw aucwrn
gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc Awey AMkW dw aucwrx krnw bhuq jrUrI
hY, ikauNik ieh AMk gurbwxI dy krqw ƒ drswauNdy hn, rwg dy
sur-qwl dy Gr drswauNdy hn Aqy swDwrx sMiKAw ivSySx vI
hn[ It is important to read the stated numbers correctly

because the numbers represent the composer and also

the Raga tune and beat in which the shabad is uttered.
i. gurbwxI krqw (Gurbani Composers)
gurU swihbwn ny gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc ieh drswieAw ik
ieh bwxI ikhVy srUp ivc aucwrx kIqI geI hY[ jo AMk
mh`ly nwl ilKy hn, auh gurU swihbwn ƒ jxwaudy hn[ ies
leI iehnW dw aucwrx hyT ilKy Anuswr kIqw jWdw hY;
The numbers written after Mahla denotes the

Guru who have composed the particular shabad,
therefore it should be uttered as follows;
Sbd aucwrx
1. mhlw 1 mh`lw pihlw
2. mhlw 2 mh`lw dUjw
3. mhlw 3 mh`lw qIjw
4. mhlw 4 mh`lw cOQw
5. mhlw 5 mh`lw pMjvw
6. mhlw 9 mh`lw nWvw
7. pauVI nvI mÚ 5 pauVI nvIN mh`lw pMjvW
8. soriT 5 soriT pMjvW
9. mrdwnw 1 mrdwnw pihlw

ii. pYrW vwly AMk (Number written below the Wods)

gurbwxI ivc keI QwvW qy mhly dy pYr ivc AMk ilKy hoey
hn ijvyN[ ienW dw aucwrx nhIN krnw;
In Gurbani there are some titles which has

subscript numbers written below the word but this
numbers should not be read;
Sbd vyrvw
pRBwqI mhlw
5
3 mh`ly hyTlw 5 AMk dw Bwv ieh hY ik
ieh Sbd pMjvyN gurU swihb jI ny vI
aucwirAw hY qy qIjy gurU swihb jI dw vI
pihlW aucwirAw hoieAw sI[ qIjy gurU
swihb jI dw muK rìKAw Aqy pWjw hyT
dy idqw hY[
rwgu1gauVI rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

pUrbI, mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

1
pUrbI, mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI cyqI, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

1
mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI mwlw, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

mhlw
1
5
rwgu gauVI mwJ, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

1
mhlw 5

rwgu gauVI mwJ, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

2
mhlw 5
rwgu gauVI CMq, rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

1
mhlw 5

bYrwgix, kbIr
1
jI

pUrbI, kbIr jI
1
rwgu Awsw Gr 8 rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr
ky kwPI mhlw 4
1
auprokq isr-lyK qoN is`D huMdw hY ky ijQy vI AMk mh`ly dy

Q`ly Awvy auh gurU swihb ƒ jxwaudw hY Aqy jy rwg, rwgnI
Aqy jwqIAW Q`ly Awvy qW auh auhnW dy iksmW ƒ jxwaudy
hn[
Based on the above it can be concluded that if the

subscript number appears below Mahla it refers to
the composer Guru and if it apprears below the
Rag, ragni or its sects then it denotes the respective
types.

iii. rwg dy sur-qwl dy Gr (The Tune and Beat of Rag)

gurbwxI rwgW ivc aucwrx kIqI hY Aqy sur-qwl dy Gr vI
drswey gey hn;
Following are the pronunciation of the tune and

beat denoted in numbers;
Gru aucwrx Gru aucwrx
Gru 1 Gr pihlw Gru 10 Gr dsvW
Gru 2 Gr dUjw Gru 11 Gr igAwrvW
Gru 3 Gr qIjw Gru 12 Gr bwrvW
Gru 4 Gr cOQw Gru 13 Gr qyrvW
Gru 5 Gr pMjvW Gru 14 Gr cOdvW
Gru 6 Gr CyvW Gru 15 Gr pMdrvW
Gru 7 Gr sqvW Gru 16 Gr solvW
Gru 8 Gr ATvW Gru 17 Gr sqwrvW
Gru 9 Gr nwvW

iv. rwg Aqy sur-qwl dw aucwrx (The Pornunciation of

Title)
isr-lyK
1. Awsw , Gru 9 ; mhlw 5
2. Awsw , Gru 11 ; mhlw 5
3. rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 12
4. rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5. ; Gru 13
5. Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 14
6. Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 15 , pVqwl
7. gUjrI , mhlw 3 ; Gru 1
v. AMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (boly jwx vwly) (The
Numbers in Words - which should be read)
keI isrlyKW ivc ‘mhlw’ AQvw Gr nwl id`qw sMkyq
AMkW ivc dy ky nwl SbdW ivc vI aucwrx dI syD dyx leI
idqw hoieAw hY, ijvyN;
In some titles Guru Ji has written the numbers in

words as a guide for the pronunciation and this
words must be read after a short punctuation.

Sbd aucwrx AMg
gUjA
1 vi. rI mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr 492
M pVHxw
k
2 DnwsrI mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr 664
A pVHxw
q
3 gauVI guAwryrI mhlw 4 cauQw cauQw do vwr 163
y
pVHxw
4 soriT mhlw 4 cauQw cauQw do vwr 605

vii.
pVHxw
5 viii.
bsMq
A mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr 1168
M pVHxw
k
AMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (nhIN boly jwx vwly) (The
Numbers in Words - which should not be read)
Sbd aucwrx AMg
1 rwgu isrIrwgu , mhlw pihlw 1 ; (mh`lw pihlw 14

Gru 1 ] qoN bwd ‘1’
nhIN bolxw)
2 vfhMsu , mhlw 3; mhlw qIjw mhlw qIjw nhIN 582

bolxw (A`KrW
ivc mhlw qIjw
ilK bolx dI
syD idqI hYY)

3 soriT mhlw 1 duqukI pihlw pihlw nhIN 636

bolxw
4 sveIey mhly pihly ky 1 ‘1’ nhIN bolxw 1389
5 sveIey mhly dUjy ky 2 ‘2’ nhIN bolxw 1391
6 sveIey mhly qIjy ky 3 ‘3’ nhIN bolxw 1392
7 sveIey mhly cauQy ky 4 ‘4’ nhIN bolxw 1396
8 sveIey mhly pMjvyN ky 5 ‘5’ nhIN bolxw 1406
ix. Sbd Anuswr AMkW dw aucwrx (The Pronunciation of

Number in accordance to the Syllable of the Title)
Sbd aucwrx
1. rwgu Awsw Gru 8 ky kwPI rwgu Awsw Gru ATvyN ky kwPI

mhlw 4 mh`lw 4
2. rwgu AwswvrI Gru 16 ky 2 rwgu AwswvrI Gru solHvyN ky do

mhlw 4 suDMg mh`lw 4 suDMg
3. Awsw mhlw 5 duquky 9 Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-quky nON
4. Awsw mhlw 5 dupdw 1 Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-pdw

iek
5. rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mhlw 5 rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mh`lw

Gru 2 dy pMjvW Gru dUjy dy
6. rwg soriT vwr mhly 4 kI rwg soriT vwr mh`ly cauQy

kI

x. sMiKAw ivSySx (The Numbers for Count)
i. SbdW dI igxqI (The Count of Shabad)

keI isr-lyKW ivc Kws krky Bgq bwxI ivc iksy ^ws
kwiv-SryxI jW iksy ivSyS ‘Gr’ dy SbdW dI kul igxqI
dw sMkyq vI SbdW dy isrlyKW ivc imldw hY, ijvyN;
In some Shabads in particular to Bhagat Bani the

count of total shabad is written in the title as
following;
Sbd aucwrx
1 gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky cau-

caupdy 14 pdy cOdW *
2 Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMcpdy Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMc-
9 duquky 5 pdy nON duquky pMj
3 mhlw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru 6 ky mh`lw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru CyvyN

3 ky iqMn
4 Awsw , sRI kbIr jIau ky Awsw, sRI kbIr jIau ky iq-

iqpdy 8 ; duquky 7 ; iek pdy A~T, du-quky s~q qy iek
qukw 1 qukw iek
* Aijhy AMg jy swhmxy hox qW pwT smyN aucwrxy hn, jy

A`KrW dy crnI hox qW nhIN pVHny[

ii. Ckw (Cheka)

ieh Sbd qy iliKAw iCAw SbdW dw AMq iv`c iliKAw hY,
ArQ ienW iCAW dw iek Ckw hY[
The ‘Cheka’ word is written at the end of six

shabads therefore it is named as ‘Cheka’ which
means six.
Sbd aucwrx AMg
Ckw 1 Ckw ie`k 528-10, 541-17,

862-2, 983-19, 986-
6, 1311-19, 1321-6,
1326-19 Aqy 1337-7
iii. SbdW dI igxqI (The count of Shabad)

BgqW dI bwxI ivc keI vwr SbdW dI igxqI AMkw rWhI
drsweI hY, ijvyN;
In Bhagat Bani some of the title carries the count

of the shabad in the particular Rag of Ragni.
Sbd aucwrx AMg
1. gauVI 9 gauVI nwvIN 337-6
2. gauV8I gauVI 336-18

e. sMDI Sbd (Joint Word)

gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;
In Gurbani joint words are used to define the count of

the stanza as following;
Ssd aucwrx ArQ
1 AstpdIAw Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy
2 dupdy du-pdy 2 pdy
3 iqpdy iq-pdy 3 pdy
4 caupdy cau-pdy 4 pdy
5 iekqukw iek-qukw 1 quk
6 duquky du-quky 2 quky
7 iqquky iq-quky 3 quky
8 cauquky cau-quky 4 quky
9 cauqukI cau-qukI 4 qukW
10 duqukIAw du-qukIAw 2 quky
11 dupdw du-pdw 2 pdy

2. suD (Sudh)
ies pd ƒ aucwrx krnw hY[ ies dy do ArQ bxdy hn;
a. sMkyq - ies bwxI dw aucwrx Su`D kro[
b. icqwvnI - ieh bwxI Su`D kIqI hoeI hY, koeI soDx leI klm nw
cùky[
3. SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (The numbers in the end of Shabad)

i. SbdW ivc igxqI
ikqy ikqy gurU swihbwn ny Awp hI iehnW ‘AMkW’ dw mqlb smJw
idqw hY qy, ieh hdwieq AsW hr QW vrq lYxI hY[ imswl dy qOr
qy—
In some places Guru Ji wrote the total number of Shabad
or Stanzas in words as follows;
i. AMg 64, mhly pihly dIAW 17 AStpdIAW mùkx ’qy AMk

17 vrq ky, A`gy iliKAw hY-‘mhly pihly sqwrh
AStpdIAW’[
ii. AMg 96, rwg mwJ, caupdy m: 4 mu`kx ’qy AMk 7 ilK ky
A`gy iliKAw hY-‘sq caupdy mhly cauQy ky[’
iii. AMg 228, rwg gauVI[ 16 AStpdIAW dy AÎr ’qy AMk
16 dy ky iliKAw hY- ‘solh AStpdIAW guAwryrI
gauVI kIAW[’
iv. AMg 330, rwg gauVI[ kbIr jI dy SbdW dy AÎr ’qy
AMk 35 ilK ky-‘gauVI guAwryrI ky pdy pYqIs[’

4. jumlw (Jumlah means Total)

ieh pd ikqy ikqy bwxI dy AMq ivc iliKAw hY[ ijs dw ArQ hY
‘vfw joV’[ ieh lPj PwrsI jubwn dw hY ijs dw Bwv hY ky
auprly sbdW dw joV, jo A`gy AMgW ivc spSt iliKAw hY[ (AMg
242-5)
This is written in Gurbani at the end which means grand

total, this word is originated from a Persian language
which denotes the total number of Shabads.

gurbwxI aucwrx
Gurbani Ucharan
MODULE 2-5
Content
1.0 qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)
2.0 pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)
3.0 juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)
4.0 sMDI Sbd dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Combined Words)
5.0 SbdW dw SuD aucwrx (The Correct Pronunciation of

Words)

Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads
1. qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)

duqukI Aqy cauqukI pidAW dw aucwrx srl huMdw hY ikaNik do-do
pMgqIAW (qukW) dw aucwrx iek`Tw kIqw jw skdw hY, pr iqqukI
pidAW dy aucwrx sur dI qwn qIjI quk qy Aw qoVnI cwhIdI hY[
The reading of two and four lines of a stanza is easy as

two lines can be read in a set but the reading of three
lines is difficult as the reading tune must be continuous
for the three lines.
hukmnwmw lYx lìgAW Awm qOr qy AMqlIAW do pMgqIAW (qukW) dw
dUhrI vwrI aucwrx kIqw jWdw hY[ iqqukI SbdW dw hukmnwmw lYx
lìgAW AMqly pdy dIAW iqMnW hI qukW dw aucwrx dUhrI vwrI kIqw
jwxw cwhIdw hY, nw ik kyvl do qukW dw[
While uttering Hukamnama the practice is to repeat the

last two lines of Gurbani but if the shabad comes with a
stanza with three lines then one must repeat three lines
intead of two lines.
i. duqukI (Two Lines)
qU guxdwqO inrmlo BweI inrmlu nw mnu hoie ]
hm AprwDI inrguxy BweI quJ hI qy guxu soie ]1]
myry pRIqmw qU krqw kir vyKu ]
hau pwpI pwKMfIAw BweI min qin nwm ivsyKu ] rhwau ]
ibKu mwieAw icqu moihAw BweI cqurweI piq Koie ]
icq mih Twkuru sic vsY BweI jy gur igAwnu smoie ]2]
rUVO rUVO AwKIAY BweI rUVO lwl clUlu ]
jy mnu hir isau bYrwgIAY BweI dir Gir swcu ABUlu ]3] (637-2)

ii. iqqukI (Three Lines)

soriT mhlw 1 iqqukI ]
Awsw mnsw bMDnI BweI krm Drm bMDkwrI ]
pwip puMin jgu jwieAw BweI ibnsY nwmu ivswrI ]
ieh mwieAw jig mohxI BweI krm sBy vykwrI ]1]
suix pMifq krmw kwrI ]
ijqu krmu suKu aUpjY BweI su Awqm qqu bIcwrI ] rhwau ]
swsqu bydu bkY KVo BweI krm krhu sMswrI ]
pwKMif mYlu n cUkeI BweI AMqir mYlu ivkwrI ]
ien ibiD fUbI mwkurI BweI aUNfI isr kY BwrI ]2]
durmiq GxI ivgUqI BweI dUjY Bwie KuAweI ]
ibnu siqgur nwmu n pweIAY BweI ibnu nwmY Brmu n jweI ]
siqguru syvy qw suKu pwey BweI Awvxu jwxu rhweI ]3] (635-13)
iii. cauqukI (Four Lines)

soriT mhlw 1 Gru 1 AstpdIAw cauqukI
<> siqgur pRswid ]
duibDw n pVau hir ibnu horu n pUjau mVY mswix n jweI ]
iqRsnw rwic n pr Gir jwvw iqRsnw nwim buJweI ]
Gr BIqir Gru gurU idKwieAw shij rqy mn BweI ]
qU Awpy dwnw Awpy bInw qU dyvih miq sweI ]1]
mnu bYrwig rqau bYrwgI sbid mnu byiDAw myrI mweI ]
AMqir joiq inrMqir bwxI swcy swihb isau ilv lweI ] rhwau ]
AsMK bYrwgI khih bYrwg so bYrwgI ij KsmY BwvY ]
ihrdY sbid sdw BY ricAw gur kI kwr kmwvY ]
eyko cyqY mnUAw n folY Dwvqu vrij rhwvY ]
shjy mwqw sdw rMig rwqw swcy ky gux gwvY ]2] (634-13)

2. pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)

a. dupdy (Two Stanzas)
rwgu iblwvlu mhlw 5 dupdy Gru 8 ](827-15)
<> siqgur pRswid ] mY nwhI pRB sBu ikCu qyrw ]
eIGY inrgun aUGY srgun kyl krq ibic suAwmI myrw ]1] rhwau ]
ngr mih Awip bwhir Puin Awpn pRB myry ko sgl bsyrw ]
Awpy hI rwjnu Awpy hI rwieAw kh kh Twkuru kh kh cyrw ]1]
kw kau durwau kw isau blbMcw jh jh pyKau qh qh nyrw ]
swD mUriq guru ByitE nwnk imil swgr bUMd nhI An hyrw ]2]1]117]
b. iqpdy (Three Stanzas)

rwgu rwmklI mhlw 9 iqpdy ] (901-17)
ry mn Et lyhu hir nwmw ]
jw kY ismrin durmiq nwsY pwvih pdu inrbwnw ]1] rhwau ]
bfBwgI iqh jn kau jwnhu jo hir ky gun gwvY ]
jnm jnm ky pwp Koie kY Puin bYkuMiT isDwvY ]1]
Ajwml kau AMq kwl mih nwrwien suiD AweI ]
jW giq kau jogIsur bwCq so giq iCn mih pweI ]2]
nwihn gunu nwihn kCu ibidAw Drmu kaunu gij kInw ]
nwnk ibrdu rwm kw dyKhu ABY dwnu iqh dInw ]3]1]
c. caupdy (Four Stanzas)

mhlw 3 caupdy ] (157-15)
<> siqgur pRswid ]
guir imilAY hir mylw hoeI ]
Awpy myil imlwvY soeI ]
myrw pRBu sB ibiD Awpy jwxY ]
hukmy myly sbid pCwxY ]1]
siqgur kY Bie BRmu Bau jwie ]
BY rwcY sc rMig smwie ]1] rhwau ]
guir imilAY hir min vsY suBwie ]

myrw pRBu Bwrw kImiq nhI pwie ]

sbid swlwhY AMqu n pwrwvwru ]
myrw pRBu bKsy bKsxhwru ]2]
guir imilAY sB miq buiD hoie ]
min inrmil vsY scu soie ]
swic visAY swcI sB kwr ]
aUqm krxI sbd bIcwr ]3]
gur qy swcI syvw hoie ]
gurmuiK nwmu pCwxY koie ]
jIvY dwqw dyvxhwru ]
nwnk hir nwmy lgY ipAwru ]4]1]21]
d. pMcpdy (Five Stanzas)

gauVI kbIr jI pMcpdy ] (326-7)
ijau jl Coif bwhir BieE mInw ]
pUrb jnm hau qp kw hInw ]1]
Ab khu rwm kvn giq morI ]
qjI ly bnwrs miq BeI QorI ]1] rhwau ]
sgl jnmu isv purI gvwieAw ]
mrqI bwr mghir auiT AwieAw ]2]
bhuqu brs qpu kIAw kwsI ]
mrnu BieAw mghr kI bwsI ]3]
kwsI mghr sm bIcwrI ]
ECI Bgiq kYsy auqris pwrI ]4]
khu gur gj isv sBu ko jwnY ]
muAw kbIru rmq sRI rwmY ]5]15]

e. iekquky caupdy (One Line Four Stanzas)

Awsw mhlw 5 iekquky caupdy ] (374-18)
iek GVI idnsu mo kau bhuqu idhwry ]
mnu n rhY kYsy imlau ipAwry ]1]
ieku plu idnsu mo kau kbhu n ibhwvY ]
drsn kI min Aws GnyrI
koeI AYsw sMqu mo kau iprih imlwvY ]1] rhwau ]
cwir phr chu jugh smwny ]
rYix BeI qb AMqu n jwny ]2]
pMc dUq imil iprhu ivCoVI ]
BRim BRim rovY hwQ pCoVI ]3]
jn nwnk kau hir drsu idKwieAw ]
Awqmu cIin@ prm suKu pwieAw ]4]15]
f. iqpdy cwrquky (Four Line Three Stanzas)

gauVI kbIr jI iqpdy cwrquky ] (326-17)
jm qy aulit Bey hY rwm ]
duK ibnsy suK kIE ibsrwm ]
bYrI aulit Bey hY mIqw ]
swkq aulit sujn Bey cIqw ]1]
Ab moih srb kusl kir mwinAw ]
sWiq BeI jb goibdu jwinAw ]1] rhwau ]
qn mih hoqI koit aupwiD ]
aulit BeI suK shij smwiD ]
Awpu pCwnY AwpY Awp ]
rogu n ibAwpY qInO qwp ]2]
Ab mnu aulit snwqnu hUAw ]
qb jwinAw jb jIvq mUAw ]
khu kbIr suiK shij smwvau ]
Awip n frau n Avr frwvau ]3]17]

3. juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)

gurbwxI juVq SbdW dw aucwrx inKyV ky krnw cwhIdw hY[
The pronunciation of joint words must be uttered separately.
Sbd aucwrx ArQ
1. dyvnhwrw dyvn-hwrw dyx vwlw
2. bilhwrIAY bil-hwrIAY vwrny jwxw
3. swDsMig swD-sMig swDsMgq
4. krxYhwrw krxY-hwrw krx vwlw
5. suigAwnI su-igAwnI syRSt igAwnI
6. dunIAwdwr dunIAw-dwr igRsqI
7. Aihinis Aih-inis idn-rwq
8. bKsxhwrw bKsx-hwrw bKSn vwlw
9. ATsiT AT-siT 68
10. ivswrxhwrw ivswrx-hwrw dUr krn vwlw
11. jmkwlu jm-kwlu mOq dw Pirsqw
12. AauguxvMqI Aaugux-vMqI AOaugxW vwlI
13. Aqolvw A-qolvw nw qoilAw jwx

vwlw
14. Bogxhwru Bogx-hwru Bogx vwlw

15. clxhwru clx-hwru clx vwlw
16. mytxhwru mytx-hwru imtwaux vwlw
17. Anidnu An-idnu idn-rwq
18. minmuiK min-muiK mn Aqy muK
19. imlwvxhwru imlwvx-hwru imlwaux vwlw
20. kwtxhwrw kwtx-hwrw ktx vwlw
21. svwrxhwru svwrx-hwru svwrx vwlw
22. auqwrxhwr auqwrx-hwr mukqI krn vwlw
23. AxpiVAw Ax-piVAw nhI piVHAw
24. AwigAwkwrI AwigAw-kwrI AwigAw ivc

rihx vwlw
4. sMDI Sbd (Pronunciation of Combined Words)

gurbwxI ivc sMDI Sbd hn ijMnHW dw aucwrx ArQW dy Anuswr hI krnw
cwhIdw hY, ijvyN;
In Gurbani there are combined words which must be

pronounced in according to the meaning, as follow;
Sbd Aqy aucwrn sMpurn Sbd ArQ
1. ik®pwl / ikrpwil ikrpw + Awl ikrpw dw Gr
2. dYAwlu / dieAwl dieAw + Awl dieAw dw Gr

3. prmwnµd prm + AnMd sRySt krky AnMd
4. dmodr dm + Edr r`sI nwl iFf

bxvaun vwlw
5. AMimRqu AM + imRqu mOq qoN rihq
6. inrMjnu inr + AMjnu ibnw kwly dwg qoN
7. iedwsix ied +Awsix ieMdR dw Awsn
8. duKwlw duK + Awlw duK dw Gr
9. nwrwiex nwr + Awiex nrW dw Gr
5. SbdW dw SuD aucwrx (The Correct Pronunciation of Words)
lK jwx lYxw, to know, to l`K lwK [Lakh (100,000)]

realise
AlK Al`K 1. jo jwixAw nw jw sky, smJ qoN
pry (beyond understanding)[
2. AidRS (unseen)
buJY buJw dyxw, Closing bùJY Solving or resolving e.g.

something. For example – solving a puzzle
putting off fire
gurw Guru - singular gurW Guru - plural
nwvw name n´wvw bathing
nwie name n´wie bathing
nwvxu nwm, name nw´vxu nHwauxw, ieSnwn krnw, to take
bath “nwvhu Dovhu iqlku
cVwvhu]” (rwm AÚ mÚ 1)
AqY or A`qY extreme, atrocity, limit
mskiq ms`kiq qklIP, imhnq, Gwlxw
Hardwork, Strive
mY roop, saroop mYN I, me

mwgY mWgY asking

kusw d`B , kuh su`tW ku`sw Female genetial
suDI inrI , only su`DI purification
rupw name rùpw silver
mqI vote, opinion, religion, m`qI msqI, mwieAw dy nSy ivc msq ho
faith, ky, intoxicated
pq Honour, dignity,good p`q p`qy, leaves
name, reputation, chasity
mx`kVw Bead, jewel , stone mxkVw metal ball on a fish net

ivgsu ivg`su blossom
ivgisAw ivgìsAw ivkws huMdw hY, iKVdw hY, ivkisq
hoieAw[ 2. pRsMn huMdw hY, “kry
Awip Awpy ivgsIqw.” (mÚ 3.
vwr gUj 1) “vyKY ibgsY kir
vIcwru.” (jpu)
ikrKw (vwhux) dI ikRXw, hl nwl ikr`Kw ik-r`Kw, kI riKAw
lkIrW k`FxIAW , vhweI[ 2.
gufweI, KyqI ivc inkMmy Gwh
ƒ iK`cxw
glI narrow road, pathway glIN talk, words,
GrW koiTAW dy ivckwr rsqw, g`lW nwl, bwqoN sy, “glIN su sjx
“isr Dir qlI glI morI vIh” “igAwnu n glIeI FUFIAY.”
Awau.” “myro suMdru khhu imlY 2. g`lW iv`c.
ikqu glI?” phwV iv`c
lMGx dw drw [
mulw mùlW Muslim priest
sdyeI Forever s`dyeI bulwvygw, bulwauNdw hY, s`dygI,
s`ddI hY, “nwnk AwKY gor sdyeI
]” (sRI mÚ 1), call
mhlu mhlw (iesqRI-wife) leI mh`lu sMgÎw- srUp (Almighty’s
mhl Sbd AwieAw hY “mhl form), pwqswh (King), hlUl
kucjI mVvVI kwlI mnhu (dibsœwny mzwhb)- auqwrdw Bwv
ksuD ]” (mÚ 1. vwr mwrU 1) lIn krdw hY jW (auqrn) dI QW
(iesy leI SRI gurU nwnk dyv jI dy
jwnSIn mhl khy jWdy hn ik ie`k
gurU Awpxy qweIN dUjy iv`c hælUl
(auqwrdw) hY, Gr, rhx dw
AsQwn. pwswd[ 5. injpd.

inrvwx. “AMimRqu pIvih, qw suK

lhih mhlu.” (sRI mÚ 3)
APirAw APìrAw Arok, AwPirAw hoieAw, bloat,
flatulence
kuPkVy kuP`kVy Koty kMmW dI pkV ivc, in the
entrapment of evil deeds
mhqu iv- PYilAw hoieAw[ spread mh`q vfw (great)[
over
infirAw in`firAw Without fear
ksvtI ksv`tI ie`k Kws jwiq dy kwly p`Qr dI
qKqI, ijs au~pr sony ƒ Gswky
prKIdw hY[ 2. prIKÎw,
iemqhwn, “rwm ksautI so shY jo
mrjIvw hoie[” (s. kbIr)
klqu kl`qu vhutI, “qnu Dnu klqu sBu dyKu
AiBmwnw” (iblw AÚ mÚ 1) “puqR
klqR mhw ibiKAw mih guir swcY
lwie qrweI.” (rwm AÚ mÚ 5),
kilq hnyrw, darkness kil`q jmw kIqw, sMgRh (ie`kTw) kirAw,
kilq (jmw kIqw) Dn[ 2. gRisAw
hoieAw[ “kilq kRoD” (pwrswv)
3. isMgwirAw hoieAw, sjwieAw
“Awsqrn br imRdul kilq kr.”
(gu.pR.sU) 4. jwixAw hoieAw.
gÎwq[ 5. mnohr, suMdr[
Awvtxu Awv`txu aubwlw, burnt
rqI rq hoeI , rMgI hoeI [ riq, r`qI A`T cwvl Br pRmwx (the weight
pRIiq, love , immersed, equivalent to eight grains of
rice), QoVw (least), qink, r`qI
Br “rqI rqu n inklY” (s.
PrId), sesame seed,
“eyk rqI ibn eyk rqI ky.”
(Akwl)
smDw hvn dI A`g dIAW lkVW, sm`Dw syRSt krky ivcwly, in the center
fire wood used for
sacrificial fire.
“mn qn smDw jy krI anu
idn agin jlwie” (sRI mÚ
1) 3. agin[

krvqu ipT krnI, to turn back krv`qu krpqR, Awrw (saw), lÜkVI cIrn
dw ie`k dMdydwr sMd, “mno rUK kty
krvqRn ky” (ikRsnwv) 2. purwxy
smyN kwSI Aqy pRXwg iv`c ie`k
Awrw sI, ijs hyT AnykW lok
mukiq pwaux leI kt mrdy sn
“ArD srIr ktweIAY isir krvqu
Drwie.” (sRI AÚ mÚ 1)
pVY ifg, pYNdw hY, fall pVHY pVn dI ikirAw, pVHdw hY, “pVY
suxwvY qqu n cInI” (rwm AÚ mÚ
1)
plY B`j jwxw, to run p`lY p`lw pkVxw, to hold the edge
means to to embrace the
sanctuary.
kivq kivqw, poetry kiv`q
Awprsw Awp`rsw jo sprS nhIN krdw, Dwqu Awid ƒ
nw Chux dw ijs ny vRq DwirAw hY
“sompwk Aprs aidAwnI”
(bwvn) 2. jo AwpNy mn ƒ ivkwrW
dy sMg qoN Alg rKdw hY, jo
kukrmW ƒ Cuëhdw nhIN, “nwnk
koit mDy ko AYsw Aprs.”
(suKmnI), one who maintains a
fast of never to touch anything
or the one who is untouchable
by evil desires
iekTIAw iek`TIAw iek`qr, gathered
iekTy iek`Ty iek`qr, gathered
nwgw 1. nWgw pauxw, aupvws, nWgw ijs dy AMg pur vsqR nhIN “bwbw
absence, to miss nWgVw AwieAw jg mih” (vf mÚ
1. AlwhxIAw) “bwhuiV jwsI
nwgw”(sRI mÚ 1. phry) , without
clothes
jsudw nûd gop dI iesqRI, ijs ny jsu`dw
ikRSn jI ƒ pwilAw[
Yasodha, the lady who
took care of Krishan.
aulQVy aul`QVy ivSyS krky Aw auqry

ivsrjI guAwc geI, Bul geI, lost or ivs`rjI ividAw ho geI, clI geI [
forgotten
Bgqw nwm, Name BgqW Bgq dw bhu vcn, devotees,
worshippers, pious persons,
holyman (in plural)
dsIN ds (10), Ten (10) d`sI tell, d~sxw
isKY is`KY learns , is~KNw
ikrKY ikr`KY k`ty
svlI isAwml, sWvlw, grey sv`lI nPy vwlI “ldy Kyp svlI.” (sRI
“Kwie AGweI svlI gorI” CMq mÚ 5), profitable
(nwpR)
srbiq swrIAW g`lW (bwqW), all the srbìq sB QW, sB jgw. “srb mwn
talks srbqR mwn” (jwpu) “AMqir
bwhir srbiq rivAw” (sRI CMq mÚ
5), 2. swry simAW iv`c, srv
kwl my, “jIA jMq srbq nwau
qyrw iDAwvxw” (vwr sor mÚ 4)
“hir BgqW kw mylI srbq” (vwr
iblw mÚ 4) “dXwlM srbqR
jIAw” (shs mÚ 5) 3. sB,
qmwm, “qyry Bwxy srb`q dw
Blw.”
(Ardws)
srbsu swrw Dn pdwrQ, swrI srb`su swrw v`s ivc hoxw, to have
ivBUiq, “kr gih lIny srbsu everything in control
dIny.” (sor mÚ 5) 2. swry
rs “srbsu Coif mhwrs
pIjY.” (gau kbIr)
sweI 1. swrw, srb, vhI, EhI “jo sWeI suAwmI, mwilk “ijQY jweIAY jgq
quD BwvY sweI BlI kwr” mih iqQY hir sweIN.” (vwr iblw
(jpu), all, entire, mÚ 4), Master[
particularly[ 2. iksy sOdy dy &wrsI (Persian) - prmysur
p`kw krn leI pySgI id`qI (God, Almighty)[
rkm- sweI, deposit, down
payment[
gurmqy gurm`qy gurW dy aupdyS, Guru’s
instruction

Bju aucwrx kro, syvn kro[ to B`ju kR. iv-Bjky (to run), n`T, dOV
recite, to utter or to “suix mn myry Bju sqgur srxw
meditate ]” (33-9, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3), to run
“myry mn hir Bju sdw iek
rMig ]” (48-18, isrIrwgu, mhlw
5)
Bjhu Bjn kro, BgqI kro, to sing B`jhu B`j ky jwxw, to run “mn ry sdw
Almighty’s praises Bjhu hir srxweI ]”
“inrBau hoie Bjhu Bgvwn (31-3, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3)
]” (201-8, gauVI, mhlw 5)

Kwiekw KwiekW mUrKW, fools
kusqu &w. (Persian) - mwirAw, kus`qu 1. bdI (false) “muhhu kUV kusqu
kql kIqw[ iqnI FwihAw ]” (vr sRI mÚ 4)
2. nIc pRikRiq (low,
demerit)“kUV kusqu iqRsnw Agin
buJwey ]” (Dnw mÚ 3) 3. Awls
(lazy), au~dm dw ABwv[ 4.
ADrm nwl kmwieAw Dn (illegal
wealth).
vjdy v`jdy vibrates, plays
AwglVY Awgl-VY A`gy, A~gR Bwv swhmxy, in front
(sMpRdweI tIkw ig: Bgvwn isMG jI
ny vI eyho ArQ mMinAw)
bnI bx geI, has happened bMnI wall, bride, young girl
mq nwh (don’t, do not) m`q m`q (intellect), “mY mq jobin
“bwmn kih kih jnmu mq grib gwlI duDw QxI n Awvey ]”
Koey ]1] rhwau ]” (324-17, (242-9, gauVI pUrbI, mhlw 1)
gauVI, kbIr jI)
mwqw mW, mwiqR, mother “gurdyv mw`qw msq hoieAw, engrossed,
mwqw gurdyv ipqw.” (bwvn)[ intoxicated “qyrw jnu rwm
rswieix mwqw ]” (dyv mÚ 5) [
AiBmwnI, AhMkwrI. “mwqw BYsw
Amuhw jwie ]” (gau kbIr) Bwv-
AhMkwrI mn AQvw mwXw md iv`c
msq KorI AwdmI, pride person[
sB-rweI sBnW iv`coN vDky pRkwS krn s-BrweI suB guxW BrwvW dy sihq, one
vwlI, pRDwn rwxI (ptrwxI) with merits[
“sw kulvMqI sw sBrweI jo
ipr kY rMig svwrI jIau]”
(mwJ mÚ 5) [ Queen - the
most influential queen,

born in a royal family.
sumiq nwm, Name sumìq au~qm buìD, pure intellect “dws

kau sumiq dIqI ]” (sor mÚ 5)
2. syRSt buìD vwlw ivvykI purK.
sqir privacy, curtain, ladies’ s`qir 1. s`qr- 70 (seventy 70) [ 2.
apartment dyKo q sqr 5. “sqir kwbw Gt
hI BIqir.” (Awsw kbIr) gupq
kwbw Gt hI BIqir.
rjw 1. mnjUrI, AMgIkwr, r`jw r`jW, iqRpq hoxw, satisfied. “quDu
acceptance[ 2. krqwr dw swlwih n rjw kbhUM ]” (mwJ AÚ
Bwxw, Will of God. “rjw mÚ 3) 2.pRsMnqw. ÞuSnUdI [
mih rihnw rwjI [” (gu.pR.sU)
rq lwhU, blood r`q riqAw, immersed

rwqw rwqW, night rw`qw riqAw, immersed
muslw ieslwm Dwrn vwlw, mus`lw nmwz pVHn dw Awsx, “imhr
muslmwn* (a Muslim)[ msIiq isdku muslw.” (mÚ 1. vwr
* muslw Anwdr boDk Sbd mwJ) “scu invwj XkIn muslw]”
hY. (mwrU solhy mÚ 5), the carpet
used for Muslim prayers.
Avil A`vil A`vl (early, first), Awid
(before time). mu`F. AwrMB
(begining)[ 2. iv- pRQm.
pihlw[
rhsIE 1. eykWq (lonely) 2. Cupwaux rh`sIE Awnûd (bliss) “Aiq hoie rhs
lwiek bwq (to hide), gupq min ]” (svYXy mÚ 4. ky)
Byq (secret)[

SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI
ACADEMY
2ND FLOOR WISMA TATT KHALSA,

NO.24 JALAN RAJA ALANG, 50480
KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA
EMAIL: sggsacademy@gmail.com
WEBSITE: www.sggsacademy.com

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Gurbani Ucharan Course Module 1 618072011 Part 1 Part 2 With Cover 1

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gurbwxI aucwrx (Gurbani Ucharan)

A Comprehensive Course in Understanding

the Principals of Gurbani Reading

Prepared & Published by:

The Academy currently offers the following courses:

• Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course

Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course

Gurmukhi Reading Course

Gurbani Foundation Course

Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course

• Understanding Gurbani – uses a contemplative learning method to enhance the understanding

Advance Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course

The above is delivered over 2 years, through 4 semesters.

Charan saran gur aek paindaa jaa-i chal

To Know Your Guru, Is To Love Your Guru

In the service of Khalsa Panth

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Malaysia

gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 1

A Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Publication

1.0 gurbwxI dw Adb

2.0 Respect of Gurbani

3.0 Introduction of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s

4.0 Need for the knowledge of Pronunciation.

5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters

6.0 suAr (Vowels)

7.0 ivAMjn (Consonant)

8.0 lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)

9.0 suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 8

1.0. gurbwxI dw Adb

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 9

9. jdoN vI siqgurU jI dI svwrI Awvy jW gurU sMgq Dur kI bwxI dw

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 11

2.0. Respecting Gurbani

bwxI gurU gurU hY bwxI ivic bwxI AimRqu swry ]

ijn BY Adb n bwnI Dwrw ] jwnhu so isK nhI hmwrw ]20]

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 12

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 13

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 14

3.0. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Basic Structure

4.0 ivSyS kwrn (Need for the knowledge of

1. gurmuKI il`pI dy A`KrW, lgW, lgwKrW dw aucwrx auhnW dI

1. The pronunciation of Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants and

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 16

5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters

| auprly A`KrW dI Avwz nwlo QoVHI ijhI koml qwlU Aqy

s, n, r. l bu`t qy jIB nwl

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 18

L polw ijhw bolxw hY zbwn qwlU nwl nhI lwaxI

X bolx l`igAW vI zbwn qwlU nwl nhI l`gx dyxI [ zbwn

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 19

6.0. suAr (Vowels)

7.0. ivAMjn (Consonant)

8.0. lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)

aupRokq icMnW ƒ ies leI lgW AwKdy hn ik ieh suAr nwl

9.0. suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 21

1. suAr A`Kr (Vowels)- jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx

5. Anunwsk (nwskI ) A`Kr ijs dw aucwrx smyN Awvwz n`k QwxIN

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 22

1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW (Long & Short Syllable)

2.0 ADIn lgW (Depandant Syallable)

3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi

4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)