REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

For us to fully understand the study, the proponents made use of different reading materials
related to the ordering system the proponents proposed. These materials such as books, magazines,
newspapers and web articles are essential in broadening the knowledge of the proponents. These will
also serve as a guide for the proponents to achieve their desired system design, target objectives and
getting ideas to those studies acquired and to determine and make improvements as soon as possible.

The information gathered by the proponents solely focused in the field of order systems and e-
commerce, its advantages to consumers, businesses and economy. In addition to the a fore mentioned
above is the security measurement information in terms of payment and the customer’s privacy to
considered in creating a new kind of ordering system.

Review of Literature

Foreign

The web has become an opportunity for the marketers to add value to products
andservices. The phenomenal growth and rising of the popularity of the internet and the WorldWide
Web have become a key to attract more consumers and businesses to engage the benefitsof Electronic
Commerce (E-commerce). This E-commerce is sited as any form of businesstransaction in which the
parties interact electronically rather than by physical exchanges or
direct physical contact (Aldin, Brehmer & Johansson, 2004). This has transformed the traditionalcommer
ce and enhanced sales and exchanges of merchandise and information. It is not justconsidered as single
entity of technology but a combination of technologies where
applications,processes, business strategies are necessary to do business electronically. The availability of
goods and services with the click of a mouse is changing the global setting.

Consideration of the websites design and operations are dependent upon the nature of
businessactivities and target consumers. According to Burleson (2005), a website must be simple
andfocused site to succeed. One that is easy to build, maintenance-free, low cost, trustworthy, and
a powerful traffic-builder and customer-converter. Having the right tool and the right product
alone doesn’t ensure the success of the website. To be effective, the Website must be designed
with the target audience as foremost consideration. Website designers must balance design
considerations and capabilities with client objectives and the consumer’s level of understanding
in the modern technology (Geissler, 2001).

It is critical for companies to know how do they attract customers to their website, engagethem
to turn into paying customers and also retain them in returning to your website. Onlinecommunications
techniques used to achieve goals of brand awareness, familiarity andfavorability and to influence
purchase intent by encouraging users of digital media to visit a website to engage with the brand or
product and ultimately to purchase online or offline throughtraditional media channels such as by
phone or in-store (Chaffey, 2009).Thomas-Taylor (2015) Traditional to Online commercial director of
Greene King PubPartners, the part of the business that looks after tenanted and leased pubs
– the main advantageof the online ordering service is that it allows licensees to place their orders at a
time that suitsthem. Traditionally, landlords had to order over the phone via telesales operatives who
workedonly in normal office hours. Many found this inconvenient, as it meant they had to take time
outfrom running a busy pub to go through what could sometimes be a lengthy process. With
theintroduction of the new online ordering system, licensees can now complete their order at a time
which suits them, she adds. And if they don’t complete their list in one go, they can save it and return at
a convenient time. “They can also make last-minute additions,” she says. “If, for example, they are
clearing up at the end of the night and they find they are putting the final bottle
of Bells on the optic.” Other functionality offered by the system includes a “favorites list” of
items that are ordered regularly, and the ability to see a running total as items are added, to help with
budgeting.

In the Philippines, e-commerce is mostly being implemented by major retailers and

multinational corporations for bank-to-bank exchange. A number of Business-to-consumer transactions
have emerged through the years such as auctions, online shopping, and
online banking (Lacson, Pasadilla, 2006). This just shows that Filipino businesses welcome this newoppor
tunity in selling goods since 16% of the population is using Internet. This new marketing
strategy will not only benefit those big companies but also the small businesses who cannot afford to
advertise their products. Just by creating a website in a very affordable cost would make the business
grow in terms of sales and enhance the company image as well.

Philippine firms have yet to fully tap the potentials of e-commerce that will help them to
compete in domestic and global markets. In the process of preparing themselves to conduct e-
commerce, these firms will be changing the way they do business. These changes are expected to have
an impact on the welfare of Philippine workers. Most efforts to measure the economic effects of e-
commerce—including those on workers’ welfare— have focused on the U.S. and Europe, who are
considered to be the leaders in e-commerce. (Roberto, 2002) In general, it discuss the changes in the
nature of work from the front to back office is likely within the sectors performing services Employment
demand for these industry, they may be focused away from agents and blue collared workers, toward
higher management and executive staff. As Filipinos entered the 21
1st century, local e-commerce transaction reached Php 1 billion. It shows that there’s at least one billion
transaction sales growth annually. If this trend continues, figures can reach up to Php 20 billion as more
businesses conduct online transactions. If significant economic growth takes place in the next 10 years,
these estimates may even double or triple (Toral, 2004).

One indisputable benefit of e-commerce is its ability to reduce transaction costs. For consumers
or buyers, this is most likely to take the form of lower search costs and better information on products
and prices. There could be drastic savings in production and delivery costs of electronic or digital goods
as well. (Lee, 2006) Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become and will continue to
be an integral part of the day-to-day life of every Filipino across all levels of our society. The occurrence
of communication technology around the world necessitates that government get on a cohesive and
coordinated strategy on how to prepare its citizens to survive, live and thrive in digital world.(The
Philippine Digital Strategy Transformation 2.0: Digital Empowered Nation2011) The main objective of
the paper is to have a competitive society where everyone has are liable, affordable and secure
information access in the Philippines.
(2014), Ballares and Quioc they implement a system entitled JJ Printing Press Online Ordering System
that gives the company an easier and faster way of offering services through the internet Client would
just simply log-in on a computer connected to the internet in which they can gather all the
information that they need from the company. The website also allows the customer to order
productand transaction business in which they can save the time.(2013)
Camba and Custodio’s Tommy Furniture Online Orderin
g System states that their systemis intended to advertise and promote an assortment of furniture being
offered, allowing the customer topick out which furniture they want to purchase and the ability to
checkout and pay for the items andservices rendered
. The system is comprised of two interface: one is the customer’s portal to all available
items and services offered by the company with the ability to order and conduct online payments,
whilethe other is the portal to the administration site (accessible only by authorized shop personnel).

Development of computerized systems requires analysis of the process to be digitized inorder to enable
a correct system, a system that functions as required and to assist the potentialusers of the system
understand the general functionality of the system. The analysis specifies thesystem's objectives and
constraints to which designers have to comply. The purpose of doing
analysis is to transform the system’s major inputs into structured specification.
5.1

Context diagramThis is a brief structure which depicts the environment in which a software system
exists andhelps in communicating about what lies outside the system boundary.5.2

Data flow diagramIt is a two-dimensional diagram that explains how data is processed and transferred in
asystem. The graphical depiction identifies each source of data and how it interacts with other data
sources to reach a common output.Administrator moduleFunctionalities provided:
Create usernames and passwords

View/ edit / delete user accounts

Manager moduleFunctionalities provided:

Create product categories and functionalities

Edit / delete product categories and descriptions

View and manage orders and sales reportMeal deliver moduleFunctionalities provided:

View pending orders and delivery details

Confirm order deliveries

5.3

User requirementsThe system will be designed to be user friendly. The user friendly and interactive
interfacesdesign helps to achieve this by enabling customers to easily browse through the menus
placeorders with just a few clicks and also allows restaurant employees to quickly go through theorders
as they are placed and produce the necessary items with minimal delay and confusion.The system will
be simple to use.5.3.1

Functional requirementsFunctional requirements define the capabilities and functions that a system
must be ableto perform successfully. The functional requirements of this online ordering system include:

The system shall enable the customer to view the products menu, create anaccount, login to the system
and place an order.

The customer shall specify whether the order is to be picked up or delivered.

The system shall display the food items ordered, the individual food item pricesand the payment
amount calculated.

The system shall prompt customer to confirm the meal order.

The system shall provide visual confirmation of the order placement

The system shall enable the manager to view, create, edit and delete food categoryand descriptions

The system shall allow confirmation of pending orders.

The system shall allow generation of sales report for the orders made.

The system shall allow the manager to update additional information (description, photo, ingredients
etc.) for a given food item.

The system shall allow the manager to update price for a given food item.5.3.2

Non-functional requirementsA non-functional requirement is a requirement that specifies criteria that

can be used to judgethe operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors. Some of the non-
functionalrequirements include:
The should be sufficient network bandwidth

Backup- provision for data backup

Maintainability- easy to maintain

Performance/ response time- fast response

Usability by target user community- easy to use

Expandability- needs to be future proof or upgradable

Safety- should be safe to use5.4

System requirementsThese consist of the hardware and software components of a computer system
that arerequired to install in order to use the software efficiently.5.4.1

Software requirements

Operating system: Windows XP / windows 7

Technology : PHP

Database : MySQL

Tool : Dreamweaver

Antivirus software

Backup & Data Recovery software5.4.2

Hardware requirements

Processor:
Intel dual core or above
Processor Speed:
1.0GHZ or above

RAM:
1 GB RAM or above

Hard Disk:
20 GB hard disk or above

Printer for printing reports

Uninterruptible power supply to ensure a constant access of data.

USB flash disk( At least 2GB)