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ketone which can be hydrolyzed to produce compounds on the basis of the number of constituent units.
a. Luff Test
The luff test is performed to test the power of reduction by using glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch
solution. Glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch solution are put into different tubes, after which a dilute
luff solution is added to each tube. The function of adding luff as a tester, is in the solution there is sugar.
This aims to determine which solution includes reducing sugar. The solution is then heated for 15
minutes. The function of heating is to speed up the reaction. The results we obtained were first glucose
which produced a colorless solution in this glucose experiment which is a carbohydrate derivative
(monosaccharide) which has a reduction power faster than other solutions, and also has a free reduction
group which can reduce so that it can form Cu2O (deposits red), fructose produces birutoska-colored
solutions and no deposits, ii does not fit the theory that fructose can be formed from hydrolysis of a
disaccharide called sucrose and fructose is one of the reducers (Budhiman, 2009). Furthermore, sucrose
produces turquoise colors that are not much different from the initial color before heating. This
indicates that there is no reaction. This is in accordance with the theory which states that sucrose is a
reducing sugar (Budiman, 2009). The starch solution that produces turquoise colors is not much
different from the color before heating. This indicates that there is no reaction due to the weak
compound kaduanaya which consists of disaccharides and polycaraides which must first become
monosalca which is a saturated hydrocarbon. There are reactions that occur:
b. molisch test
molisch test is qualitative in order to know the effect of acid on carbohydrates. This test is based
on the dehydration record of carbohydrates by dukfat asm which forms a purple furfural ring.
Positive reaction with the appearance of a purple ring on the surface between the acid layer and
the bottom layer.
In this experiment there were 4 tubes and filled with glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch
solution. Then the tube is added to a solution of α-naphthol which functions to form deposits.
and approximately 1 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid serves to hydrolyze the saccharide bonds to
produce furfural which then reacts with the metabolic reagent. Glucose tube, sucrose, fructose
produces a colorless solution and does not form purple rings, while the starch solution produces a
purple solution but does not form a ring. This failure is possible when the addition of H2SO4 has
an acidic reaction with air. This is not in accordance with the theory which states that starch
solutions are carbohydrate compounds which all produce a purple ring on their reaction with the
metabolic reaction. As for the reaction:
c. multi-cell test
seliwanof test is used to distinguish or to test the results of hydrolysis. This experiment was
conducted to test the results of hydrolysis and can also be used to distinguish the presence of
ketoses in the sample, judging by the color change.
First mixing on each tube with HCl which serves to hydrolyze the polysaccharide into its
constituent monosaccharide and change each solution to a colorless solution after it is heated.
The heating function is to dehydrate fructose, starch, sucrose, and glucose into hydroxy methyl
furfural. After that glucose is added resorcinol and produces a colorless solution, starch also
produces a colorless solution while sucrose and fructose produce an orange solution. This
identifies the ketose content in carbohydrates. This thing which is anchored in seliwanof reagent
dehydrates fructose and sucrose to produce hydroxy furfural so that it forms an orange solution.
The reaction :
2. The general reaction of Lipid
In this experiment, a sapling reaction was carried out. The sapling reaction was a reaction
involving fat or oil with an alkali which produced soap and glycerol. This experiment was
carried out by mixing NaOH, coconut oil, ethanol and then heating it to become solid. The
function is as a hydrolysis reagent to form soap, coconut oil serves as a basic ingredient in
making soap, and ethanol functions for fat emulsifiers. The solid formed then clarified with
saturated NaCl aims to separate and glycerol. Glycerol does not experience precipitation due to
its high solution. Then dissolved and filtered and added with water to test the pH using a
universal indicator and produce Ph 12 which means the solution is alkaline. then CaCl2 is added
which serves to determine the effect of water on soap. In the water the soap will produce a little
foam. The reaction :
Pada percobaan ini dilakukan reaksi penyabunan, Reaksi penyabunan adalah suatu rekasi yang
melibatkan lemak atau minyak dengan suatu alkali yang menghasilkan sabun dan gliserol.
Percobaan inni dilakukan dengan mencampurkan NaOH, minyak kelapa, etanol lalu dipanasakan
hingga menjadi padatan. Fungsi naoh sebagai reagen hidrolisis untuk membentuk sabun, minyak
kelapa berfungsi sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan sabun, dan etanol berfungsi utnuk pengemulsi
lemak. Padatan yang terbentuk kemmudian dijernihkan dengan NaCl jenuh bertujuan untuk
memisahakn sabundan gliserolnya. Gliserol tidak mengalami pengendapan karena larutannya
yang tinggi. Kemudian dilarutkan dan dilakukan penyaringan dan ditambahkan dengan air untuk
menguji pH menggunakan indicator universal dan menghasilkan Ph 12 yangberarti larutan
tersebut bersifat basa. kemudian ditambahkan CaCl2 yang berfungsi untuk mengetahui pengaruh
air terhadap sabun. Pada airlemak sabun akan menghasilkan busa yang sedikit. Adapun reaksinya
Protein
Pada percobaan inni putih telur diencerkan dengan aquades, apabila larutan yang diperoleh tidak
berwarna bening maka tambahkan garam lalu masukkan kedalam 4 tabung yang berbeda
a. tabung pertama, reaksi pengendapan : ditambahkan 2 tetes ZnSO4 yang menghasilkan larutan
keruh dan terdapat endapan putih dibawah. Hal ini menandakan adanya protein yang bermuatan
negative dan mengikat logam yang bermuatan positif. Adapun reaksinya
b. tabung kedua, ujibiuret (reaksi warna). Pada tabung ini tambahkan 2 ml naoh dan cuso4
menghasilkan lauran berwarna coklat. Fungsi penambahan naoh sebagao deanaturasi protein. Uji
posisitf dalm percobaan ini ialah menghasilkan perubahan warna menjadi biru, ini menunjukkan
bahwa terdapat peptide pada larutan protein dan ikatan peptide dapat dibilang kuat. Adapun
reaksinya
c. tabung ketiga, uji uap : penambahan 1 ml naoh yang kemudia dipanaskan menghasilkan
larutan berwarna abu – abu dan meghasilkan baru. Reaksi naoh dan asam amino merupaka reaksi
denaturasi protein. Penambahan naoh dan uap larutan yang dipanaskan diuji menggunakan kertas
lakmus yang menghasilkan larutan bersifst asam yang ditandai dengan warna dari kertas lakmus
d. tabung keempat, penambahan pb asetat ; ditambah beberapa tetes pb asetat dan naoh. Fungsi
naoh sebagai deanaturasi protein. Setelah itu dpanaskan menghasilkan larutan berwarna hitam.
Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan teori, dimana larutan seharusnya tidak berwana. Fungsi dari uji pb
asetat untuk mengidentifikasi apakah terdapat unsur belerang atau tidak. Jika terdapat unsur S
maka larutan yang telah ditambah pb asetat akan timbul warna hitam. Jadi dalam percobaan ini
larutan yang telah ditambahkan pb asetat masih mengandung unsur belerang. Adapun reaksinya