Date 04-Feb-19

Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK

Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

1 Introduction

In this project, Rock Anchors used in the abutment retaining wall

as intermediate supports for Bridge number 39 & 43. It was designed by the design

consultant that force on each anchor shall not exceed 100T. This document

provides the design calculation for 100T capcity

Fig 1. General Arrangement of Abutment with Ground Anchors

2 Scope of the Report

This scope of the report limited only to the desing of ground anchor for capacity

of 100T. Design of ground anchors provided in this report.

3 Input Data

Load on each Anchor = 100 T

Spacing in vertical direction = 1m

Spacing in horizontal direction = 2.395 m

Inclination angle = 20 degree

Diameter of Anchor = 130 mm

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 1 of 6

 Date 04-Feb-19
Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK
Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

Nominal dia of strand = 15.2 mm

Number of ply = 7

Cross sectional area of strand = 139 mm2 (BS 8081)

Proof Load of Strands = 23.2 T (BS 8081)

Fig 2. Extract from BS 8081 - Table 4 for PT strands proof load

4 Reference

Borelogs of the project

Permanent drawing KSHMR/H/TB/43/SUB/30 dt. 09.12.2016

BS 8081:1989 British Standard Code of Practice for Ground Anchorages

IS 10270 : 1982 - Guidelines for Design & Construction of Prestressed Rock Anchors

IS 14268 - 1995 - Uncoated Stressed relieved low relaxation seven ply stand

for pre-stressed concrete specification

5 Borelogs

As per borelogs provided, it was found that top 3 to 4m consists of very loose

soil. Followed by the highly and moderately weathere rock. Type of rock reported as

Dolomite rock in borelog. Total 4 nos of borelog considered in the design and the

borelog which has very weak property taken for the conservative design.

Borelogs attached with this document for ready reference.

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 2 of 6

 Date 04-Feb-19
Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK
Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

6 Components of Rock Anchors

The following components were involved in the system of ground anchors.

a) Tendons

b) Grout

c) Sheathing tube

d) Anchor head

e) Determination of free length of anchor

f) Determinationf of fixed length of anchor

g) Borehole diameter

h) Bearing plate

Fig 3. Typical cross section of rock anchor

7 Design of Rock Anchors

Main components like PT strands, free length, fixed length,

bond between grout and tendon and bond between grout and rock provided in this design.

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 3 of 6

 Date 04-Feb-19
Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK
Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

a) Design of PT-strands

Load on Anchor = 100 T

Diameter of PT strands = 15.2 mm

Proof load on each Anchor = 23.2 T (BS 8081)

Prestressing Force = 70 % (Cl 7.3.2.4.1, BS 8081)

Allowable load on each strand = 16.24 T

Number of strands required = 6.16 nos

Lock off forces = 10.00 % (Table 6, BS 8081)

No. of strand incl. lock off forces = 6.77 nos

Minimum no. of strands = 7 nos

Therefore provide 8 nos of 15.2mm Class II strand to achieve 100T capacity

b) Free Length of Anchor

For Bridge 43, based on available soil borelogs, it has been observed that intermediate patches

of hard rock layer occuring at a depth of 15 to 17m in CL & U-1 borelogs.

But hard rock layer is not exceeding 5m in continous depth. So based on above borelog

it is advisable and safer to make 25m as free length of anchor considering the soil borelogs.

For D2 borelogs, hard rock encountering at 10m depth extending upto 16m and followed

by weak weathered rock. For D1 borelog, hard rock encounter at 18m depth ranging upto

26m followed by fractured weathered rocks.

Considering the above uncertainities in soil borelogs, it is advsiable to approach a

conservative method in fixing the free length of anchor. Since the entire bond strength of

anchor depends upon intactness of rock, it is advisable to adopt minimum free length

of 25m minimum in rock anchor

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 4 of 6

 Date 04-Feb-19
Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK
Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

This document shall be treated as single document of anchor capacity calculation for bridge

no.43 & 39. Only 2 parameters has to be checked before colating the design document.

Free length and Fixed length to checked independently for both the location and no of strands

will remain identical since capacity of anchor is same.

For fixed length anchor of Bridge no 39, similar dolomite rock is encountered, so the same

bond value shall be taken for calculating the fixed length of anchor. As capacity of anchors

remains same, fixed length of anchors for both bridge no.39 & 43 remains same only.

For fixing the free length of anchors, both abutment borelogs (A1 & A2) is summarized

below for ready reference. In A1 borelogs, top 1 to 1.5m consists of loose soil followed

by dolomite rock. Dolomite rocks present over here are highly jointed, sheared and crushed.

In some borelogs, sludges been reported, so fixed length should by-pass the sludge portion

In A2 borelogs, top 12 to 15m is of loose soil followed by dolomite rock. Intermediate 15

to 17m hard rock encountered with very high RQD value followed by weak rock only.

In this borelog also dolomite rocks are highly sheared and crushed.

Also, it is been reported that location of bridge 39 is very close to Reasi threat fault zone.

So, it is advisable and recommended to perform anchor load test on test anchors and working

anchors for validating the anchor capacity.

c) Fixed Length of Anchor

Minimum bond length required = 3m (cl 6.2.3.4 BS 8081)

d) Bond between grout and tendon

Theoretical skin friction (Tult) = 2 Mpa (Cl. 6.3.2 BS 8081)

Factor of safety = 2.5

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 5 of 6

 Date 04-Feb-19
Project : KATRA- QUAZIGUND RAIL LINK
Rev C
Designed Approved
Title: Design of Rock Anchor
RR PK

Above factor of safety is adopted only as conservative approach. Since ultimate skin friction

value only provided in the BS code, to arrive at safe skin friction value, above factor of safety

has been taken based on only experience and common design approach.

Load on each strand (Tf) = 31.25 T (incl. factor of safety)

Diameter of strand = 15.20 mm

L=Tf/(πdTult) = 3.27 m

Fixed anchor length for tendon and grout failure is 3.27m

e) Bond between grout and rock

Geotechnical Capacity = τuπLD

Diameter of Anchor = 130 mm

Length of anchor assumed = 10 m

Working bond for dolomite rock = 0.43 Mpa (T-24, F.2 BS 8081)

Ultimate capacity = 1756.15 kN

Factor of safety = 1.5

Though table 24, recommends working bond value the same friction capacity can be taken

as safe capacity, but due to crushed, sheared and jointed rocks present in the borelogs

an additional factor of safety of 1.5 taken on conservative approach considering the safety of

the strucutre.

Safe capacity = 117.1 T

Fixed anchor length for rock and grout failure is 10m

Based on above (c,d & e), fixed length required is 10m

8 Summary of Rock Anchors

Anchor Capacity = 100 T

No. of PT strands = 8 nos

Dia of PT strands = 15.2 mm

Min Free length of Anchor = 25m

Fixed Length of Anchor = 10m

# Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use Page 6 of 6