Experiment 10

Calibration of proving ring

Aim
 Calibration of proving ring by applying compressive force by a manually operated screw jack.

Apparatus required

 Proving Ring
 Dial Gauge / Dial Indicator / Micrometer
 Loading Device (Manually operated Screw Jack)
 S-type load cell with digital display
 Vernier Calliper

Theory

The proving ring is a device used to measure force. It consists of an elastic ring of known diameter with a measuring
device located in the centre of the ring. Proving rings come in a variety of sizes. They are made of a steel alloy.

Proving rings are steel rings used for calibration of material testing machines in situations where, due to their
bulkiness, dead weight standards cannot be used. To get precise measurements, one edge of the Micrometer is
mounted on a vibrating reed which is plucked to obtain a vibratory motion. The Micrometer contact is then moved
forward until a noticeable damping of the vibration is observed.
Calculations and observations

Least Count=0.001 mm

E=220 GPa

G=77.28 GPa

Outer diameter=179 mm

Inner diameter=161 mm

width=28.5 mm

R (mean radius) = (179+161)/4 = 85 mm

A (area of cross-section) = (width)*(outer radius-inner radius)

= 256.5 mm2

I (moment of inertia of cross-sectional area) = ((width)*(outer radius-inner radius) ^3)/12

= 1731.375 mm4

S.no Load(2P)(N) Deflection(div) Deflection(m) Theoretical

Loading Unloading Loading Unloading deflection(m)
1 0 0 -4 0 -4x10-6 0
-6 -6
2 5 10 6 10x10 6x10 12.32x10-6
3 10 22 17 22x10-6 17x10-6 24.64x10-6
4 15 33 29 33x10-6 29x10-6 36.96x10-6
5 20 43.5 42 43.5x10-6 42x10-6 49.28x10-6
6 25 55 55 55x10-6 55x10-6 61.6x10-6

For p=15/2 N =7.5N

ẟ = 7.5*85*3.14/(2*220*256.5) + 7.5*85*3.14/(2*77.2*256.5) + 0.3*7.5*85^3/(220*1731.375) μm

ẟ = 36.96 μm

ẟ = 0.03696 mm (Calculated) ẟ = 0.033 mm (observed)

 Load vs Deflection
70

60

50
Deflection (in µm)

40

30

20

10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Load (2P) (in N)

Observed Theoretical

Conclusion
 The observed graph is almost linear in nature.
 The experimental slope is a little deviated from theoretical slope due to experimental errors.