Section 2.1 TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF Section 2.

WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND

REVEALING HUMANITY CROSS
 Martin Hiedegger Human rights are critical factors in one’s journey
toward Eudaimonia or the good life
THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY
CORE
Instrumental Definition
 Protecting the well- being
Technology as a means to an end
 upholding the dignity
 Viewed as a tool  focus of a human rights-based approach
 Omnipresent to science, technology, and
 An instrument development.

Anthropological Definition S. Romi Mukherjee

Technology is a human activity explained human rights-based approach to

science, technology, and development:
 To achieve an end, we must
use and produce thus it
becomes an activity
Techne : Greek term for technology
 Human ability
 Encompasses knowledge and
understanding
“Technology was a way of revealing- a mode of
bringing forth”
 Universal Declaration of Human
Rights(Article 27)
 UNESCO Recommendation on the Status
of Scientific Researches- 1974
(Article 4)
 UNESCO Declaration on the Use of
Scientific Knowledge-1999 (Article 33)
William Nelson Joy

Poesis- explains the concept of bringing forth, an Why the future doesn’t need us?
act of bringing something out of concealment
Section 3: GOOD LIFE
Aletheia- explains the truth through disclosure
Nichomachean Ethics-the nature of moral life
thus, Technology is a form of poesis that reveals
and human happiness based on the unique
the truth
essence of human nature.

TWO TYPES OF GOOD

TECHNOLOGY AS POESIS
1. Instrumental Good
Modern Technology challenges forth nature, as
 You value most things instrumentally,
it uses its resources
that is, as a means of to some end.
ENFRAMING
2. Intrinsic Good
Way of manipulating or framing nature to better
 It is the first sense; this means the
make use of it
universe is somehow a better place for
Calculative Thinking that thing existing or accusing.
Desire to put an order to nature TWO NOTIONS OF INTRINSIC VALUE
Mediative Thinking 1. Value in itself
Allows nature to reveal without force or violence 2. Valued by someone for its own sake
DANGERS OF TECHNOLOGY EUDAIMONIA: THE ULTIMATE GOOD
Critical Thinking  happiness is the ultimate good in the
Aristotelian sense, happiness is “living
Reflective Thinking
well and doing well”, among the Greeks,
this is known Hallmarks of Eudaimonia,
(Virtue and Excellence)
 to more appropriate levels of development.

HUMAN FLOURISHING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE

PROGRESS IN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
ARETE AND HUMAN HAPPINESS
 Developments in science and technology
Arete- “excellence of any kind” and can also
are fundamentally altering the way
“moral virtue”
people live, connect, communicate and
TYPES OF VIRTUE transact, with profound effects on
economic development.
1. Intellectual Virtue
 Science and technology are key drivers
 Achieved through education, time, and,
to development, because technological
experience.
and scientific revolutions underpin
 wisdom which guides ethical behavior,
economic advances, improvements in
and understanding, which is gained from
health systems, education and
scientific endeavors and contemplation
infrastructure.

2. Moral Virtue DE-DEVELOPMENT AS A PROGRESS AND

 Achieved through habitual practice. DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK
 Examples are: Generosity, Temperance,
*“De-development” does not tell us to
and Courage.
give things up. It is simply about
reducing consumption while
Section HUMAN FLOURISHING IN maintaining happiness and achieving
PROGRESS AND DE-DEVELOPMENT long life expectancy. It may also be
viewed as “slowing down”. Rapid growth
JASON HICKEL’S DEVELOPMENT
is partly bad because we tend to ignore
FRAMEWORK
the laws of nature. This framework also
Human Development-introduced a new allows us to get a better understanding
approach for advancing of human of our existence – of what we are doing
flourishing. it’s a concept of development in earth and why.
that has to do the creation of improving of
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL
living conditions where people can develop
FRAMEWORK OF PROGRESS AND
their full potential. DEVELOPMENT AND HICKEL’S CONCEPT OF DE-
DEVELOPMENT.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROGRESS AND
DEVELOPMENT  the difference of traditional framework
of progress is the long process of
PROGRESS
development.
 more focus on the expansion of  Does not tell us to give things up. It is
all aspects and directions. simply about reducing consumption
 a linear or upward pattern while maintaining happiness and
achieving long life expectancy. It may
DEVELOPMENT
also be viewed as “slowing down”. Rapid
 indicates movement and growth growth is partly bad because we tend to
 on the scope of the movement ignore the laws of nature. This
framework also allows us to get a better
HICKEL ON THE CONCEPT OF DE-
understanding of our existence – of
DEVELOPMENT:
what we are doing in earth and why.
“growth isn’t an option any more we’ve already 2.5
grown too much scientists are now telling us that
we’re blowing past planetary boundaries at Johannes Gutenberg
breakneck seed. Was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, inventor,
the truth is that this global crisIs is due almost printer, publisher who introduced printing to
entirely to overconsumption in rich countries Europe with printing press
must “catch down” Printing Press
Is a device that applies pressure to an inked is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
surface lying on a print medium, such as cloth Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation
lying on print medium, such as cloth or paper,to at thr genetoc species, ecosystem level.
transfer ink Terrestrial biodiversity, is usually greater near
the equator, which is the result of the warm
Allan Turing
climate and high primary productivity.
*An English mathematician, was hired in 1936
Three different types of biodiversity
by the British top-secre Government code and
cipher School at Bletchley Parkto break the Genetic biodiversity
Enigma Code.
* refers to the variations among organism of
*His code-breakin method s became and the same species
individual processhaving 12,000 people
Species diversity
working 24/7.
*is influenced by the environment conditions in
Bombe
the region.
Turing working on the sideof the Allies,invented
Ecological diversity
Bombe and electromechanical machine that
enabled the British to decipher enrypted *refers to the network of different species in an
messages of theGerman Enigma Machine. This ecosystem and the interaction of these species .
contribution of turing along with other
Society benefits greatly from the richness of
cryptogists, shortened the war by two years.
biodiversity since humans can source from
Turing Machine nature biological resources such as food, also
regulate climate, flood, pollution, water and air
In hispaper in computable number with an
quality, water storage, decomposition of
application to the entscheidungproblem, first
wastes, among others. However, these
published in 1937, Turing presented a
numerous benefits of biodiversity are
theoretical machine called the Turing machine
vulnerable to exploitation. Human need to ne
that can solve any demonstrated the simulation
responsible in optimizing the benefits of
of the turing machine to constuct a single
biodiversity through the proper utilizing of
Unviversal Machine. This became the
science and technology.
foundation of computer science solve any
problemby performing any task from a written
program. In the 1970’s the generation who
witnessed the dawnof the computer age was
described as the generation with “electronic
brains” Thepeopleof this generation were the
forst to be introduced to personal personal
computer hobbyists group, gathered regularly
to trade parts of computer hardware and talked
about how to mkae computers more accessible
to everyone. Many memebers of the club ended
up being-profile entrepreneurs, including
founders of Apple Inc.

Steve Wozniak

Co-founder of Apple I. Wozniak designed the

operating system, hardware, and circuit board
of the computer all by himself.

Steve Jobs

Wozniak’s friend, suggested to sell the Apple Ias

fully assembled printed circuit board.

Biodiversity