SIFAT FISIS, SIFAT MEKANIS, DAN

KEAWETAN KAYU GANITRI

D (Elaeocarpus sphaericus Schum)
H SETELAH PERLAKUAN
H PEMANASAN
by:
Aditia Gustina, Trisna Priadi

INTRODUCTION: Development of plantation forest including social forest become alternative to fulfill wood
demand which tend to increase nowadays. However, the use of low quality woods from social forest should be
improved with proper technology. Ganitri wood (Elaeoarpus sphaericus Scum) is a kind of fast growing species
which has been planted in social forest. However, this wood has a low durability class that can be easily attacked
by wood destroying organisms. So that needs improvement techniques to increase service life and the wood
quality. Heating treatment is expected can increase properties of wood such as reducing the hygroscopicity and
improving wood durability and dimensional stability. This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties,
mechanical properties, and durability properties of ganitri wood after heating treatment.
METHODS: The materials used are 8 years ganitri wood (Elaecocarpus sphaericus Schum.) obtained from
Sukabumi, West Java. The tree had ± 21 cm diameter at breast height. Cooking oil waste, subterranean termites
(Coptotermes curvignatus) and dry wood termites (Cryptotermes Cynocephalus) were used in this research.
Wood samples were heated in cooking oil and oven at temperature of 150 °C for 1, 3, and 5 hours. Then the
physical properties (density, moisture content, and dimension stability) and mechanical properties (MOE, MOR,
and hardness) were tested based on BS standard : 373 – 1957. The durability test from dry wood termites based
on SNI 7207-2006. The durability from subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus) based on JIS K 1571-
2004 and tested in the field based on graveyard test method (ASTM D 1758-2002).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The results showed that the heating wood in various conditions increased the
physical properties of ganitri wood, wood hygroscopicity were decreased, while its dimensional stability in both
tangensial and radial directions were increased. The moisture content, density, and dimensional stability of wood
heated in oil at 150 °C for 5 hours were better than the others treatment. Generally the mechanical properties of
wood were not significantly influenced by this heating treatment. The durability of woods against subterranean
termites and dry wood termites increased after oil heat treatment. So that to improve the quality of ganitri wood,
suggested to be heated in cooking oil waste at temperature of 150 °C for 5 hours.
Keywords: ganitri wood, heat treatment, mechanical properties, physical properties, wood durability.

Tahun masuk 2012; Ayah: Eso Somantri; Ibu: Ida Ahdiati; Alamat rumah: Dusun Kaliaren RT 02 / RW 02 Desa
Banjarangsana Kecamatan Panumbangan Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat.