Form 4: Chapter 19 (Probability Distributions)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions

Paper 1

1 4 1
  5  = 625
n 0
1 X – Volume, in m, n
Cn
X ~ N(650, 252) 5
1 1
(1)  (1) =
n
2 5 625
(a) Z=
5 1 1
  =  
n 4
X – 650 2 5 5
=
25 5 n=4
X – 650 = 10
X = 660 X–µ
4 (a)
Z=
Hence, the volume which is equivalent to σ
2 70 – 65
the standard score of is 660 m,. =
5 8
= 0.625
(b) P(X > 620)
620 – 650 (b)
 
0.8643 0.1357
= Z>
25
= P(Z > – 1.2)
= 1 – 0.1151 1.1
= 0.8849 0.1151
P(Z < k) = 0.8643
By reading the standard normal distribution
1.2 table, k = 1.1.

Hence, the percentage of bottles of soy sauce 5 X – Body mass of a student, in kg

that have volumes of more than 620 m, X ~ N(55, 52)
= (0.8849 × 100)%
(a) P(X > 65)
= 88.49%
65 – 55
2 P(Z > m) = 0.5 – 0.1985
=P Z>  5 
P(Z > m) = 0.3015 = P(Z > 2)
0.3015
= 0.0228
0.1985
(b) P(45 < X < 62.5)
45 – 55 62.5 – 55
0.52
=P  5
<Z<
5 
= P(–2 < Z < 1.5)
∴ m = 0.52

3 X – Number of shots that strike the bull’s-eye 0.0228 0.0668

1

X ~ B 10,
5 
1 2 4 8
(a) P(X = 2) = 10C2   
5 5
–2 1.5

= 0.3020
1 = 1 – 0.0228 – 0.0668
(b) P(X = n) = = 0.9104
625
ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM
© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 75
 6 X – Number of students who passed 7 (a) For a standard normal distribution,
X ~ B(10, 0.7) (i) µ = 0
P(X > 8) (ii) σ = 1
= P(X = 9) + P(X = 10)
(b)
=10C9 (0.7)9(0.3)1 + 10C10(0.7)10(0.3)0
f(z)
= 0.1493

0.1587 0.1587

z
–1 O 1

Area of the shaded region

= P(–1  Z  1)
= 1 – 0.1587 – 0.1587
= 0.6826

ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM

76 © Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018
 Paper 2

1 (a) X – Number of students who scored a (b) P(grade B)

distinction in Mathematics = P(1.2 < X < 1.4)
1.2 – 1.3 1.4 – 1.3


X~ B(n, p)
X ~ B(8, 0.7)
=P  0.2
<Z<
0.2 
(i) P(X = 3) = 8C3(0.7)3 (0.3)5 = P(– 0.5 < Z < 0.5)
= 1 – 0.3085 – 0.3085
= 0.04668
= 0.383 0.3085 0.3085
(ii) P(X < 3)
= P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) – 0.5 0.5
8 0 8 8 1 7
= C0(0.7) (0.3) + C1(0.7) (0.3)
Hence, the number of grade B pineapples
  + 8C2(0.7)2 (0.3)6 = 0.383 × 1000 = 383
= 0.0113 (c) P(X > m) = 93.32%
m – 1.3
(b) X – Volume of milk, in m,
X ~ N(µ, s 2)

P Z >
0.2 
= 0.9332
0.9332
X ~ N(1000, 202) 0.0668
(i) P(X < 1050)
1050 – 1000
=P Z< 20  1.5
= P(Z < 2.5)
= 1 – 0.00621 m – 1.3
= – 1.5
= 0.9938 0.2
0.00621
m = 1.0

2.5 3 (a) X – Number of teachers having high blood

pressure
(ii) P(X > v) = 0.7
1

P Z>
v – 1000
20 
= 0.7
X ~ B 9,  
5
1 3 4 6
0.3
(i) P(X = 3) = 9C3   
5 5
= 0.1762

(ii) P(X > 2)

0.524 = 1 – P(X = 0) – P(X = 1) – P(X = 2)
1 0 4 9 9 1 1 4 8

v – 1000
20
= – 0.524 = 1 – 9C0   
5 5
– C1
5 5   
1 4
v = 989.52 m,
  
2 7
  – 9C2
= 0.9895 , 5 5
= 0.2618
2 X – Mass of a pineapple, in kg
X ~ N(1.3, 0.22) (b) X – Blood sugar level, in mg/dl
X ~ N(115, 152)
(a) P(grade A) (i) P(100 < X < 136)
= P(X > 1.4) 100 – 115 136 – 115
1.4 – 1.3 =P  <Z< 

=P Z>
0.2  15
= P(–1 < Z < 1.4)
15

= P(Z > 0.5) = 1 – 0.1587 – 0.0808

= 0.3085 0.3085 = 0.7605

0.1587 0.0808

0.5 –1 1.4
ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM
© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 77
 (ii) P(X > 140) 5 (a) X – Number of families who own a national
140 – 115 car
=P Z>  15  X ~ B(8, 0.6)
= P(Z > 1.667) P(X  6) = P(X = 6) + P(X = 7) + P(X = 8)
= 0.0478 = 8C6(0.6)6(0.4)2 + 8C7(0.6)7(0.4)1
+ 8C8(0.6)8(0.4)0
Let the total number of employees = N
= 0.3154
0.0478N = 9
(b) X – Marks in an exam
9
N = X ~ N(60, 102)
0.0478
(i) P(X  40)
N = 188 (correct to the nearest
integer) 
= P Z  40 – 60
10 
= P(Z  –2)
4 (a) X – Mass of an orange, in g = 1 – 0.0228
X ~ N(350, 402) = 0.9772
= P(X > 268) Hence, number of students who passed
268 – 350 = 0.9772 × 200 = 195

=P Z>
40  (ii) P(X  m) = 0.12
= P(Z > –2.05)
= 1 – 0.0202

P Z  m – 60 = 0.12
10 
= 0.9798
0.0202

0.12

–2.05
1.175
      
(b) (i) Number of oranges from this sample m – 60 = 1.175

that have a mass of more than 268 g 10
= 0.9798 × 400 m = 72
= 391.92 6 (a) X – Number of students who are girl guides
= 392 (to the nearest integer) X ~ B(n, p)
348 (i) Mean = 330
(ii) P(X > m) = np = 330 … 1
400
m – 350

P Z >
40 
= 0.87 Variance = 132
npq = 132 … 2
2 npq 132
: =
0.87 1 np 330
0.13
q=2
5
–1.127 p=1–q=1–2=3
5 5
m – 350 (ii) P(X > 4)
= – 1.127 = P(X = 5) + P(X = 6) + P(X = 7)
40
     
5 2 6 1
m = 304.92 = 7C5 3 2 + 7C6 3 2
5 5 5 5

  
7 0
+ 7C7 3 2
5 5
= 0.2613 + 0.1306 + 0.0280
= 0.4199
ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM
78 © Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018
 (b) X – Mass of a girl guide, in kg
2.5 – μ
X ~ N(45, 5.82) = 1.0
(i) P(X < 42) 0.5
2.5 – μ = 0.5

= P Z < 42 – 45
5.8 

μ = 2.5 – 0.5
μ = 2.0
= P(Z < –0.517)
= 0. 3026 (ii) X ~ N(2.0, 0.52)
P(1.0  X  2.5)
(ii) P(Z < m) = 25%


P Z < m – 45 = 0.25

5.8 
(
= P 1.0 – 2  Z  2.5 – 2
0.5 0.5 )
= P(–2  Z  1)

0.25

0.0228 0.1587

          – 0.674

m – 45 = –0.674
–2 1
5.8
m – 45 = –3.9092 = 1 – 0.0228 – 0.1587
m = 41.09 = 0.8185
Number of pineapples that have the
7 (a) X – Number of students who walk to school masses between 1.0 kg and 2.5 kg
X ~ B(8, 0.15) = 0.8185 × 1500
P(X = 3) = 8C3(0.15)3(0.85)5 = 1227.75
= 0.08386 = 1228
(b) X – Mass of a pineapple, in kg
X ~ N(μ, 0.52)

(i) P(X  2.5) = 15.87%
P Z  (
2.5 – μ
0.5 )
= 0.1587

0.1587

        1.0

ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM

© Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd. (008974-T) 2018 79