Me59 01 00 00 00

2018 Mobility Outlook
Global Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook, 2019

Shared Mobility Market Outlined by Electro Mobility, Billion Dollar Investments, IPO’s,
and Autonomous Mobility
Global Automotive and Transportation Research Team at Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18
April 2019
Contents
Section Slide Number

Executive Summary 8
 Key Findings—2018 Highlights 9
 Key Findings—Outlook 2019 10
 Significant Growth Expected in the Mobility Market 11
 Key Trends for 2019 13
 Year of IPOs 15
 Mobility-as-a-Service Offerings will Take Centre-stage 16
 Increasing Partnerships for Autonomous Shuttle and Robotaxi Pilots 17
 Spurt in Growth of e-scooters 18
 Flying Taxis Uptake 19
 Rise of Mobility Subscription Services by OEMs 20
 Blockchain in New Mobility 21
 Shared Mobility Operators Move into Financial Services 22
 Enterprise Ridesharing Services to Grow in 2019 23
 Tailored Solutions Offered by Ridehailing and Ridesharing Operators 24
 Autonomous Shared Mobility 25
ME59-18 2
Contents (continued)

 Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Shared Mobility Value Chain 26
Research Scope, Objectives, Background, and Methodology 27
 Research Scope 28
 Key Questions this Study will Answer 29
 Research Background 30
 Research Methodology 31
Carsharing 32
 Traditional Carsharing 33
 Traditional Carsharing Market—Overview 34
 Traditional Carsharing—Key 2018 Highlights 35
 P2P Carsharing 36
 P2P Carsharing Market—Overview 37
 P2P Carsharing—Key 2018 Highlights 38
 Corporate Carsharing 39
 Carsharing—2019 Outlook 41
ME59-18 3

Ridesharing 42
 Definition of Ridesharing Types 43
 Ridesharing Industry Overview—Europe and North America 44
 Ridesharing—Key 2018 Highlights 45
 Ridesharing—2019 Outlook 46
eHailing 47
 Definition of eHailing Business Models 48
 Enhanced User Experience 49
 eHailing—Connected Vehicles and Revenue 50
 eHailing—Key 2018 Highlights 51
 eHailing— 2019 Outlook 53
Dynamic Shuttle/DRT 54
 The Concept of Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) 55
 DRT Market—Overview 56
 Demand Responsive Transit—Key 2018 Highlights 57
 Demand Responsive Transit—2019 Outlook 58
ME59-18 4

Bikesharing 59
 Definition and Key Players 60
 Micro-mobility Revolution—Highlights 61
 Bikesharing—Outlook 62
Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) 63
 Definition of MaaS 64
 MaaS Market Segmentation 65
 Competitive Benchmarking of MaaS Operators 67
 MaaS Market Overview And Key Players 68
 HERE Mobility Marketplace 69
 Trafi Multimodal Solution 70
 Uber in MaaS 71
 Lyft’s Plan for a Multimodal Future 72
 MaaS—2018 Market Highlights 73
 MaaS—2019 Outlook 74
ME59-18 5

Autonomous Shared Mobility 75
 Autonomous Shuttle—Value Chain and Business Models 76
 Initiatives Across the Globe—Public Private Integration 77
 Snapshot of the Key Markets—Feasibility Analysis and Timeline 78
 Autonomous Shuttles—Pricing Models 79
 Expanding Demand—Benefits and Applications of Autonomous Shuttles 80
 Data Analytics—Leveraging Data as well as Providing User Insights 81
 Evolution of Autonomous Shuttles 82
 Robotaxi—Waymo Profile 83
Growth Opportunities and Companies to Action 84
 Growth Opportunity—Mobility Business Models 85
 Strategic Imperatives for Success and Growth 86
Conclusions and Future Outlook 87
 Key Conclusions and Future Outlook 88
 The Last Word—3 Big Predictions 89
 Legal Disclaimer 90
ME59-18 6

Appendix 91
 Abbreviations and Acronyms Used 92
 Market Engineering Methodology 93
 List of Exhibits 94
ME59-18 7
Executive Summary
Return to contents
ME59-18 8
Key Findings—2018 Highlights
Market consolidation, global expansion, and increasing investments among OEMs were the key trends in the
shared mobility market.
• The global car sharing market size was at $3.1 Billion in 2018 and is expected to grow at a
rate 19.5% between 2018 and 2019 with Europe leading the way.
• One-way carsharing accounted for over 60% of the membership share in Europe and
North America and is expected to increase in the coming year. Carsharing operators are
looking to integrate with other mobility services such as public transport and bikesharing
while services.
• Valuations of Ridehailing companies are increasing, with the top 5 e-hailing companies
(Uber, Lyft, Didi, Grab and Go-Jek) valued more than $160 Billion in 2018.
• Spurt in the e-scooter market with 5 new entrants in the e-scooter market in just past one
year. Fundings of more than $4 Bn in the last two years with valuations for players are
touching unicorn figures.
• Increasing interest from the big technology players in the MaaS space, with players like
TomTom and Here recently announcing their entry into the market.
Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 9
Key Findings—Outlook 2019
The public sector has an important role in enabling the mobility shift, in terms of both legislation and actively
engaging and encouraging the growth of these sharing models.
• Ridesharing market in North America is expected to witness high growth of 33% in 2019
with increasing demand while Europe still records the highest market revenues by far of
over $4 Million. Key operators like BlaBlaCar have a user base of over 60 million.
• 3 of the largest Ridehailing companies (Didi, Uber and Lyft) are expected to file for IPO’s in
2019, with Uber’s post IPO valuation expected to hit $120 Bn.
• The revenue to the MaaS operators is expected to increase aggressively to $1 Bn in 2019.

Globally there are more than 20 MaaS players and this is expected to increase in 2019.
• Demand Responsive Transit market is expected to witness high growth of more than
300% between 2018 and 2019. NA and EU with a number of key players recording more
than 50,000 rides per month.
• Demand Responsive Transit will be one of the first markets to see commercialization of
autonomous technologies. More than 10-15 cities can be expected to trial autonomous
shuttles on public roads in 2019.
ME59-18 10
Significant Growth Expected in the Mobility Market
While overall steady growth is expected in 2018, the carsharing sector is projected to witness significant
growth, especially from corporate carsharing segment.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Fleet Size and Revenue, Global, 2018-2019
Fleet Size Growth Rate Revenue
31.1 Mn 3.7 Bn
26.8 Mn
16% 3.1 Bn
20%
Members Vehicles
288 K 346 K
Traditional
Carsharing 2018 2019 2018 2019
29.4 Mn
25.6 Mn
2.3 Bn
15% 18% 1.9 Bn
Members Vehicles
P2P 1.1 Mn 1.3 Mn
Carsharing
2018 2019 2018 2019
925.5 Mn
194 K
126% 392.5 Mn
86 K
Vehicles
Corporate
Carsharing
2018 2019 2018 2019
6.3 Bn
75 Mn 5.1 Bn
67 Mn 10%
Members
Ridesharing*
(EU & NA) 2018 2019 2018 2019
ME59-18 11
Significant Growth Expected in the Mobility Market (continued)
Bikesharing and Demand Responsive transit market are expected to be high growth markets, with operators
expanding and launching pilots aggressively.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Fleet Size and Revenue, Global, 2018-2019
Fleet Size Growth Rate Revenue

11.7 Mn
10.2 Mn 605.4 Bn
14%
505.3 Bn
Vehicles
eHailing
2018 2019 2018 2019
103 K 4.2 Bn
25 K 334% 1 Bn
Vehicles
DRT 2018 2019 2018 2019
4.7 Bn
194 K
86 K 4.4 Bn
126%
Bike Vehicles
Sharing 2018 2019 2018 2019
1 Bn
672%
140 Mn
Revenue
Mobility as
a Service 2018 2019
Revenue Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 12
Key Trends for 2019
The shared mobility market is buzzing globally with the rise of recent e-scooter start-ups, ehailing participants
going for IPOs and new offerings such as mobility subscriptions and MaaS penetrating the market.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Key Trends, Global, 2019
Spurt in Growth of Year of Flying Taxis Rise of Mobility Mobility-as-a-Service

e-scooters IPOs Uptake Subscription Services Offerings will take
by OEMs Center Stage
• Shared e-scooter • Valuations of shared • Companies such as • North America remains • Increasing partnerships
service providers have mobility participants Volocopter and Uber are the main market to test between cities and white
received more than $4 are touching unicorn working on their flying and launch vehicle label solution providers in
Bn over the 2 years and figures by the day and taxis, companies such as subscription services but the next 2-3 years
valuations for players investments are TransitX’s are working on Europe also offers a lot of
are touching unicorn getting more pricey flying pods for micro growth potential • Mobile phone companies,
figures transit public sector transit
• Uber, Lyft and Didi • Vehicle subscription will systems, private
• ehailing giants such as have also filed for • Audi and Airbus are increasingly become part transportation companies
Uber and Taxify and IPOs which are working in collaboration to of the mobility services like Uber, and Internet
even OEMs such as expected to be valued build a flying taxi which is once mainstream OEMs giants are jockeying for
Ford are expanding into over $200 bn post a combination of a and leasing companies position within the
this micro mobility their IPO’s passenger drone and self- start pushing affordable consumer MaaS
market segment driving car called Pop.Up monthly variants suitable marketplace
Next for the mass market
ME59-18 13
Key Trends for 2019 (continued)
Partnerships and deployment new technologies such as autonomous shuttles, blockchain and artificial
intelligence are also expected to witness high traction leading to new experiences and improved operations.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Key Trends, Global, 2019
Blockchain in Shared Mobility Enterprise Increasing Tailored Solutions

Mobility Operators Move Ridesharing Services Partnerships for Offered by Ridehailing
into Financial to Grow in 2019 Autonomous and Ridesharing
Services Shuttles Operators
• Blockchain expected to • Shared mobility • Enterprise ridesharing • Number of cities globally • Ridehailing and ridesharing
have a significant impact operators such as Didi solutions for corporate are such as Tokyo, Dubai, operators are focusing on
on P2P sharing and Grab have stepped gaining traction with London, Las Vegas offering dedicated services
platforms into the financial organizations looking for among others are for specific segments like
• Blockchain is entering services market sustainable mobility witnessing autonomous kids/senior citizens
the carsharing market - solutions for employees taxis moving closer
• More operators are • The global market will see
start-ups like ShareRing while reducing their cost towards real time
expected to follow this the rise of more customized
and Keaz platform work overheads
trend to widen their • Increasing partnerships solutions in the future with
with a number of • Players from other
revenue streams between OEM’s, shared integration of shared
carsharing operators markets like MaaS,
mobility and autonomous mobility services and large
such as Toyota, Yoogo ridehailing are entering
technology companies to scale deployment of
and Envoy among this space
succeed in autonomous autonomous vehicles
others shared transportation
ME59-18 14
Year of IPOs
Ridehailing giants today have enormous valuations and 2019 will witness some of the largest players in the
global shared mobility space going public which will provide them a greater financial backing for the future.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Year of IPOs, Global, 2019
Shared Mobility Giants Planning for IPO in 2019
Valuations in $Billion • Uber’s annual revenues are estimated

to be around $12 billion.
120 • Uber’s has filed for its IPO
Uber
72
in December 2018
80
• Post acquisition of Uber China in a $35 billion
Didi Chuxing deal in 2016, Didi’s current revenue multiple is
56 7.5x as compared to Uber which is 5x.
20
Lyft
• Lyft has filed for its IPO in just ahead Uber, in
15 order to gain first-mover advantage.
• Lyft’s estimated revenue in FY2017 was
~1.5 billion, an increase of 168% over
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 FY2016.
Expected Valuation Post IPO Current Valuation
ME59-18 15
Mobility-as-a-Service Offerings will Take Centre-stage
With a range of shared mobility models up and running, the market is moving towards collaborative multi-
modal frameworks offering greater transportation flexibility and increased understanding of travel patterns.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Mobility-as-a-Service Offerings will Take
Centre-stage, Global, 2019
Global shared mobility market to witness significant growth in multi-modal mobility offerings
Multi-modal platforms being

designed in partnership with public
transit authorities
White label solutions being offered

by journey planning apps for B2B
and B2C market
Market to witness significant boost in

mobility partnerships
– Whim
Analytics and application of big data

to be a key focus area to enable
development and refine operations
Government bodies to introduce new

policies for regulation of flexible
on-demand transportation
ME59-18 16
Increasing Partnerships for Autonomous Shuttle and Robotaxi Pilots
Automotive manufacturers, mobility service providers and autonomous technology companies are working in
multiple collaborations with the aim to succeed in autonomous shared transportation.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Increasing Partnerships for Autonomous Shuttle
and Robotaxi Pilots, Global, 2019
Web of Partnerships between OEM, Mobility and Technology Companies for Autonomous Shuttle and Robotaxis
Hinomaru
Volvo Uber Baidu Nvidia ZMP
Kotsu
2020 Robotaxi launch - Japan
Volkswagen Aurora - Moia
Transdev Torc Robotics

Hyundai Aurora - Moia
Autonomous Electric Shuttles
Ford (2021
Lyft Argo AI
Launch)
Google Lyft
General Motors Lyft
(Cruise) Lyft Led $1bn Investment
Renault Nissan
Transdev Waymo Delphi Nutonomy
Mitsubishi
Acquired for $400 Mn

Daimler Bosch
Nvidia Baidu
FCA Intel Mobileye
Launch Autonomous Vehicle
BMW Intel Mobileye

Muji Sensible 4
Tesla – 2020 Robotaxi launch in UAE Autonomous Shuttles - Gacha
ME59-18 17
Spurt in Growth of e-scooters
Shared e-scooter service providers have received more than $4 Bn over the last two years and valuations for
players are touching unicorn figures while this trend is expected to continue in 2019.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Spurt in Growth of e-scooters, Global, 2019
Company Total Funding
Lime and Bird have witnessed high
Lime $455 Mn ridership with more than 6 million and 11
$1.1 Bn $2 Bn million rides respectively in 2018.
Bird $415 Mn Valuation Valuation
Acquired by Meituan Dianping - $2.7

Mobike
Bn Mobility services such as Daimler’s Mytaxi and Taxify are
Ofo $2.2 Bn also planning to launch e-scooters in Europe in 2019
Skip $131 Mn E-scooter manufacturers are turning out as big winners in
$133 Mn ($125 Mn Blockchain based the rapidly growing shared mobility segment
Spin
funding)
Yellow $75.3 Mn Supplies e-scooters and parts to
Lime, Bird, Motivate and Jump
Motivate Acquired by Lyft - Undisclosed
Jump Bikes Acquired by Uber - $200 Mn
Grin Scooter $72.7 Mn
Felyx $4.7 Mn Supplies e-scooters to Bird and
Tier Mobility $3.1 Mn Spin
Dott $2.3 Mn
Scoo $1 Mn
Scoot Undisclosed
Plans to launch e-scooter sharing
services of their own
Scuter $560 K
ME59-18 18
Flying Taxis Uptake
Mobility operators and OEMs are working on developing and piloting VTOL capable flying taxis which are
expected to be offered as a new shared mobility service over the next 2 to 4 years.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Flying Taxis Uptake, Global, 2019
Bell Aerospace & Uber Elevate’s Air Taxi Dubai – Key city for flying taxi testing
Uber plans to launch operations by
2023 in Dallas and Los Angeles The German drone company
conducted the first trial of its flying
Hybrid Electric taxi in 2017
6500 lbs 6 ducted fans

overall weight Conducted trial of its prototype VTOL
autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV)
Bell Nexus in 2018
aircraft
VTOL
150 miles capability in a Chinese firm Ehang tested its Ehang
total range 40 sq.ft space 184 autonomous flying
vehicle in 2018
Other aerospace partners for Uber Air OEMs venturing into the flying taxi market
• Audi, Airbus and Italdesign have developed

a new transportation concept called Pop.Up
Next
Air taxi concepts for micro-transit
Transit X passenger pods powered by 100% solar
energy can lift up/land and run under thin rails along city • The test concept is a combination of a
roads. driverless car with a detachable pod which can
Operational by: 2020 be coupled to a drone
Pilot Tests: 2019
ME59-18 19
Rise of Mobility Subscription Services by OEMs
OEMs are offering vehicle subscriptions which provide greater flexibility to customers, reduces ownership
liability and further entices the current-gen population to upgrade or experience different vehicle types.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Rise of Mobility Subscription Services by OEMs,
Global, 2019
Short-term vehicle rental
(hourly basis) platform for
ehailing drivers
App based Includes fuel, $1.50
reservation and Insurance, excluding
vehicle access Maintenance mileage Currently includes 120+ customers
Starts from $2000 >80% New
8 Porsche model
Partnership per month customers
variants
$575
membership fee
Launch Mobility – Offers Toyota & Lexus
white-label mobility dealers to provide
solutions vehicles
Three tier model– Includes $1Mn liability
Starts from $1,099
Online/ App-based Icon, Legend, insurance, maintenance,
per month
BMW M roadside assistance and taxes
reservation
Flat rate monthly fee Vehicle prices from

15,000 miles/year $329/month +
Insurance from subscription prices from
Liberty Mutual Vehicle upgrade in $50/month
Flexible Monthly (12 months) + mileage
12-24 months subscription period
Service and mileage packs pack
maintenance included >= 4 months
ME59-18 20
Blockchain in New Mobility
Blockchain will become a key toolkit for shared mobility offerings providing a decentralized architecture for
more efficient operations with increased security while enabling greater transparency and trust.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Blockchain in New Mobility, Global, 2019
Smart Contracts Interoperable
connected mobility
Fractional vehicle ownership ecosystem
Peer-to-peer
Instant shared vehicle payments made
insurance and agreements seamless
Blockchain
Simplified payments Blockchain for
based keyless
vehicle access smart city mobility
Blockchain for
MaaS
Trusted Ledger Decentralized
Peer-to-Peer
insurance Blockchain in
Increased transparency traditional
and P2P
Improved security and carsharing
accuracy of data
Data logging with Blockchain based mobility projects
autonomous fleets
Crypto-Assets MOBI Initiative – 80+ Members
New dimensions for value

creation
Cryptocurrency based reward
programs
MobiCoin
Building trusted communities
ME59-18 21
Shared Mobility Operators Move into Financial Services
While in 2018 companies like Grab and Didi Chuxing have expanded to financial services, this trend is
expected to be adopted by other shared mobility operators as well in the near future.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Shared Mobility Operators Move into Financial Services, Global, 2019
Didi’s Services Didi invested a whopping $1

Ehailing Billion in Financial Services
Rides per day
Ridesharing (2018): 30 Million Expansion to Financial Services Enables:
• Insurance services
Bus & Shuttles • Vehicle leasing
Total Users: • Flexible financing
Carsharing 550 Million • Shared ownership of vehicles
• Wealth management
Bikesharing Total Drivers:
31 Million Key Advantages for Didi:
Corporate Mobility • More connected eco-system
• Increased profitability for business
Vehicle Maintenance Presence in • Easy return of old vehicles for new ones
China: • Reduced transaction costs
Last Mile Delivery 800+ locations
Southeast Asia’s Grab and Credit Saison entered into a JV for Financial Services
• Benefits Grab’s consumers, micro entrepreneurs and small

Lending Services
businesses
and Loans – Grab
• Reliable alternative to conventional credit ratings using Grab’s
Financial
extensive datasets
ME59-18 22
Enterprise Ridesharing Services to Grow in 2019
Corporate ridesharing services are picking up with more organizations seeking sustainable mobility options for
employees while effectively managing office parking spaces especially in central business districts.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Enterprise Ridesharing Services to Grow,
Global, 2019
Key Enterprise Key Reasons organizations are increasingly
Operational
Ridesharing leveraging enterprise rideshare services
Countries
Operators
Reduced overheads
CarpoolWorld 45 Countries
• Reduces need for office parking spaces
Rideamigos United States • Reduced costs of employee mobility
• Services can be deployed as part of employee
Faxi United Kingdom mobility budgets provided by the organization
Liftshare United Kingdom
The Rideshare Company United States Greater flexibility

• Offers greater convenience to employees who are
QuickRide India
guaranteed to get a ride to work or home
SPLT United States • Can be integrated with other mobility modes such
as public transit and ridehailing services
Klaxit France • Also capable of integrating with Mobility-as-a-
Service solutions
Carma United States
Mobeelity France
Improved organizational benefits
Scoop United States • Allows companies to contribute towards reducing
emissions and traffic congestion
Bynd Brazil
ME59-18 23
Tailored Solutions Offered by Ridehailing and Ridesharing Operators
Ridehailing and ridesharing companies are offering custom solutions by identifying and targeting the needs of
various customer demographics while also collaborating with other sectors such as healthcare.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Tailored Solutions by Ridehailing and Ridesharing
Operators, Global, 2019
Cross-sector collaboration and customized services are being offered to specific target communities
Ridehailing for Ridehailing Ehailing services for

healthcare: personalized: senior citizens:
Uber’s B2B service Ehailing operators such Tools such as
– Uber Health as Mondo based in Grandpad which has
offers rides for Africa not only offer a Uber integrated in the
patients which are mix of vehicles such as third party app and
booked by 100+ Ridesharing for a standard car, van, tuk- Ridesharing for Lyft Concierge which
healthcare kids: tuk or motorcycles but events: allows senior citizens
organizations in the Ridesharing also allow customers to Operators are to hail a vehicle
United States operators like GoKid choose the driver of their offering dedicated without the need of a
through a allow customers to choice which improves ridesharing services smartphone.
centralized set-up rideshare both driver and for public events
dashboard. journeys with other customer satisfaction. such as TripSpark,
families on an invite- Ridevu and V3cube.
only basis.
The global market will see the rise of more customized solutions in the future with integration of shared mobility
services and large scale deployment of autonomous vehicles for shared ecosystems.
ME59-18 24
Autonomous Shared Mobility
2018 has been the year of autonomous shuttles with local transport operators across Australia, California,
China, Japan, Sweden and Switzerland are making a move from the test track to the city streets.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Autonomous Shared Mobiltiy, Global, 2019
Robo-Taxi Initiatives Autonomous Shuttle OEM’s
Launched its Robo-Taxi service Waymo One in Sold 50 Autonom shuttles in till Q3,
Arizona 2018, 250 collaborators across France
and USA
Launching a driverless taxi Raises $22 million to deploy

service in San Jose, California. autonomous shuttles in cities across the
U.S.
Plans to test its own driverless taxis in
Washington, D.C., starting early 2019.
Partnership with a consortium of
companies like IVECO/ Michelin to
Tech startup, aims to put out its own fully electric develop autonomous shuttle technology
self-driving taxis next year as well.
City Initiatives
Plans to run a robo taxi pilot in 2021 in Korea • San Francisco : EasyMile Shuttle Service
• Sweden: EasyMile’s EZ10 electric pods was trialled in
Stockholm
Volvo unveiled its fully electric Robo-Taxi 360c, • Texas: City council conceptualized, funded and
travelling as far as 300 kms implemented the pilot, leasing two EasyMile shuttles.
• Canada: Navya and keolis launched a 12 month autonomous

shuttle pilot project on public roads in Canada.
Cruise Anywhere ride-hailing app and fleet-
management system • Norway : Plans for testing autonomous buses, plans to
expand to 50 buses by 2010
ME59-18 25
Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Shared Mobility Value Chain
Value chain segments like technology and charging are expected to get disrupted with the penetration of
electric vehicle, while Fuel and Gas would completely cease to exist.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Shared Mobility
Value Chain, Global, 2019
Traditional Shared Mobility Value Chain
Fleet Technology Fleet Roadside Accident

Maintenance Cleaning
Providers Providers Management Assistance Handling
Services Services
Systems
Fuel and
Payment Insurance
Gas
Providers Providers
Partners
Disruptive Will Not Exist
How the Value Chain will Change with the penetration of Autonomous Vehicles
Fleet Roadside
Fleet Technology Maintenance Cleaning Accident Insurance Fleet
Providers Management Services Assistanc Handling Providers
Providers Services Financing
Systems e
Charging Parking
Data Service Fuel and Gas Payment Advertisin eCommer Vehicle Design
Infrastructure Infrastructure
Providers Partners Providers g ce Services
Providers Providers
ME59-18 26
Research Scope, Objectives, Background, and
Methodology
Return to contents
ME59-18 27
Research Scope
Base Year 2018
Study Period 2018 and 2019
Forecast Year 2019
Vehicle Type Passenger vehicles (includes passenger cars and light utility vehicles)
Internal combustion engines (ICEs), including diesel and gas; electric vehicles
Powertrain Type (EVs); range-extenders; hybrids
Traditional carsharing, P2P carsharing, Corporate Carsharing, eHailing, demand

Business Scope
responsive transit (DRT), Ridesharing**, Bikesharing and Mobility-as-a-Service
Geographic Scope* Global
*Data from Asia has been included, where relevant, as approximate values and for comparative purposes; however, Asia is not covered in detail in this analysis.
** Ridesharing market coverage is limited to EU and NA regions Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 28
Key Questions this Study will Answer
• What is the market size of the various shared mobility business models: traditional carsharing, P2P
carsharing, eHailing, dynamic shuttles, ridesharing, bikesharing, corporate carsharing, and integrated
mobility?
• What are the key trends in the various shared mobility markets?
• Which OEMs are partnered with key global mobility service providers? Will the entry of more OEMs affect
the growth of existing market participants?
• What will be the impact of autonomous technology on the shared mobility market?
• Future trends in the shared mobility business models ?
• Overview of Autonomous shuttle and Taxi market ?
ME59-18 29
Research Background
This research service is a summary of content from various recently published and
ongoing Frost & Sullivan studies in the connected vehicles, infotainment, and telematics
markets, including the following:
• NB00-18: Business Models and Opportunities in the North American Traditional and
Peer-to-Peer Carsharing Market
• M813-18: Business Models and Opportunities in the European Traditional and Peer-
to-Peer Carsharing Market
• M9D5-18: Car Sharing End-user Analysis in Selected European Cities
• M8AD-18: Competitive Benchmarking and Comparative Analysis of the Mobility

Strategies of Key Global OEMs
• MA3C-01: 2014 Outlook of the Global Automotive Industry
• M8D3-18: Future of New Car e-Retailing in the Automotive Industry
The study is also supplemented by ongoing interactions with vehicle manufacturers,

suppliers, service providers, and software providers in the area of connected vehicle
services.
ME59-18 30
Research Methodology
Research Methodology: Frost & Sullivan’s research services are based on secondary
and primary research data.
Secondary Research: Information is extracted from existing studies and project
material within the Frost & Sullivan database, including data and information gathered
from technical papers, specialized magazines, seminars, and Internet research.
Primary Research: Over 15 telephonic interviews were conducted by senior
consultants/industry analysts with OEMs, regulation authorities, and distributors.
Primary research accounts for 80% of the total research.
Mobility Outlook: Key Participants, Global, 2019
Moovit Co-wheels
Moovel E-Car Club
iCabbi Local Motors
GetSpiffy Aptiv
Klaxit Easymile
ME59-18 31
Carsharing
Return to contents
ME59-18 32
Traditional Carsharing
Free-floating carsharing has gained greater user adoption over the last few years, however customers still
have a wide range of services for one-way, free-floating and station based carsharing to choose from.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019
One-way Free Station

Traditional Carsharing
Fixed Floating Based
General Features
• Flexible, very short to short time rental of a vehicle,

often by the hour Carsharing Carsharing where Carsharing with a
between two fixed there are no fixed fixed station for
• Drivers have a registered membership points A&B (One- stations (free-floating) pick-up and drop of
way). User picks for vehicle pick-up or vehicles. User
• Can use the cars parked at designated spots of travel the vehicle at point drop. User can returns the vehicle
A and drops post access vehicles to the same station
• Dominant powertrain are gasoline or diesel, but usage at point B. located at various from where the
increasingly fleets are being electrified (E.g., AAA’s Gig parking spots or vehicle was initially
Carsharing) specified locations reserved
• Cars owned/leased by the carsharing operators (CSOs) around the from.(E.g.,
operational area and Enterprise
• Complete revenue taken by CSOs
leave them at the Carshare)
• E.g., Zipcar, car2go, DriveNow, emov closest available drop
spot. (E.g., car2Go)
ME59-18 33
Traditional Carsharing Market—Overview
While established markets for carsharing continue to have a high user base, emerging markets such as Africa
will witness high growth for carsharing in 2019.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Market – Overview,
Global, 2018-2019
Revenue Members Fleet Size

3.7 bn 31.1 Mn
346k
288k
$ Billion
Million
‘000
26.8 Mn
3.1 bn
2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019
• Europe is expected to witness a growth in carshare fleet size by 16.7% while APAC is expected to see an even higher growth in its
fleet by 19.5% in 2019 with key operators expanding and integrating their services with other shared mobility platforms while electric
car share fleets are also expected to grow.
• APAC region continues to have the highest membership rates recording upwards of 14.6 Million members.
• North American market is also expected to continue on its growth path with OEMs partnering with rental companies such as FCA and
Avis which plan to launch carsharing services in the US market in 2019.
• Major global players such as ZipCar have grown their fleet to over 12,000 vehicles where an average trip per vehicle in North
America is 47 miles.
• Emerging markets in the African region such as Ethiopia, Rwanda, Egypt, Kenya and Nigeria are expected to witness the entry of
new carsharing schemes from existing global shared mobility participants and OEMs.
ME59-18 34
Traditional Carsharing—Key 2018 Highlights
Electrification of existing carsharing fleets, launch of new pure EV carshare programs, and increasing focus on
APAC and Eastern European countries will be the key trends in 2019.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Highlights and Outlook,
Global, 2019
Key Highlights of 2018

New Players Entering the Market
• Automakers are actively exploring carsharing space - Volvo –Stockholm (M Mobility), VW-Berlin (We share), Audi
On Demand( UK), PSA in China and Paris (Free2Move), Toyota , Honolulu (Hui Car sharing)
• Many players have debuted with car sharing services globally SoCar (Malaysia), GoGet (Sydney), Didi (China),
GoTo Malta (Malta), Electrip (Turkey)
Expansion of existing car sharing services
• Emov gained 200,000+ users in Spain and plans to expand to Portugal.
• UK’s Zipcar expanded its free floating service Zipcar Flex
• Toyota’s Yuko that launched in Dublin, Forli & are expanding their service to Venice. The service can be combined
with the city's public transport pass.
• Communauto and GM’s car sharing service Maven have expanded their services to Toronto, Canada
Expanding Business Models

• Europcar Group and P2P car sharing operator SnappCar joined to launch Drive & Share
• Other shared mobility operators like Lime, Yandex launched carsharing programs
• Maven expanding to Peer-to-Peer carsharing
Technology providers offering end-to-end solutions for Carsharing Operations
• Carsharing technology providers have gained significant operational expertise and have started playing a bigger role as
partners for carsharing operators. Vulog recently expanded into China and opened an office in Wuhan
• Companies such as Ridecell are offering end-to-end production ready solutions enabling quick launches of customized
carsharing services . They already have partnerships with insurance, maintenance and repair services thereby lowering
cost of collaborations
ME59-18 35
P2P Carsharing
P2P CSO’s initially offered the service as a new concept of sharing cars between vehicle owners and renters,
however even OEMs are now offering P2P carsharing to their respective vehicle owners.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019
• Owns at least one car
P2P Carsharing • Looking out to rent a vehicle
• Volunteers to rent it using a
• Has the funds, but no vehicle
platform
available
• Rentals can be as
• Rent the right car for the
short as 3-4 hours
• Renting an individual’s private occasion/budget
• 6-month rentals via P2P
vehicle into a carsharing fleet carsharing in practice
• Key partners of
P2P CSOs
• Such cars are available usually for
• Provide
short periods of time coverage
Owners Drivers to drivers
• Time of rental ranges from a few • Some
hours to even six months companies also
provide 24/7
• Cars not owned by CSOs roadside
assistance
• There is personal ownership involved
P2P
• There is revenue sharing model CSO
between the individual and CSO
• Insurance • P2P CSO has the platform
• Insurance plays a key role in this providers key to
• Connects the owners with drivers
type of carsharing smooth rentals
• Provide vehicle
Insurance
insurance up to
• E.g., Turo, Getaround, Drivy,
1 million dollars • Provide coverage to both owners and drivers
GoMore, Snappcar, Koolicar for owners
• Key partners of P2P CSOs
ME59-18 36
P2P Carsharing Market—Overview
NA market witnessed the highest growth in terms of P2P carsharing revenues while EU markets now have
established players offering P2P carshare services across many countries.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Market Overview, Global, 2018-2019
Europe P2P Carsharing Market Size

NA P2P Carsharing Market Size
532.7 652.5
APAC P2P Carsharing Market Size
Millions
Millions
709.2 922.3
519.7
Millions
2018 2019 855.2
2018 2019
2018 2019
Africa P2P Carsharing Market Size Region Key Players
Drivy, Snappcar, GoMore,
10.2 Europe
Millions
6.8 Travelercar
North
Turo, Getaround
America
2018 2019
South Africa RentmyRide
AT Zuche, START (Ppzuche),
APAC
Drivezy
• North American market has witnessed high revenue growth, recording an increase of 41.4% between 2017 and 2018. Big operators
such as Turo has grown its fleet size to 230,000 vehicles in 2018 while the company now operates in 56 countries globally
• European markets have established presence of P2P carsharing with key players such as Drivy, GoMore and Snappcar who are
expanding into services like private leasing.
• In the APAC region developing countries such as India are witnessing the rise of new P2P carsharing start-ups.
ME59-18
ME59-18 37
P2P Carsharing—Key 2018 Highlights
With increasing competition and growing market demand, the P2P carsharing market seems to be in an
expansion mode in terms of geographical presence and improved service offerings for users.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Highlights and Outlook,
Global, 2019
Key Highlights of 2018
Investments and Capital Raised
• Getaround raised $300 Million in a series-D funding led by Softbank Vision Fund.
• Turo raised a total of $104 Mn in 2018 from key investors such as Daimler with focus on expanding to Asian countries
such as Japan & launching new programs such as Commercial Host.
• Indian operator Drivezy plans to expand its services to 21 cities in 2019 and raised $20 Mn in a series-B round.
Market Expansion
• OEMs continue to expand their electric vehicle fleet in carsharing operations - Renault added 150 Zoe EVs to Zity’s
carsharing.
• General Motor’s Maven P2P carsharing is expanding to 10 cities in the United States alongside Maven’s existing
traditional carsharing and allowing P2P rentals outside GM’s cars such as cars from other manufacturers, boats and RVs.
Increasing collaboration
• Porsche partnered with Turo to launch a P2P carsharing program called Porsche Host in California.
• Gatwick airport in UK partnered with P2P operator Car & Away - passengers to rent out their vehicles while they are
travelling.
• ARC Europe Group partnered with Drivy for offering roadside assistance to its users in the UK.
Market Competition
• Competition is also growing at a global scale as market leaders such as Turo expanded operations in Germany and in
the United Kingdom in 2018.
• APAC market is turning out to be highly attractive especially in countries such as India, Taiwan, Malaysia and
Singapore where many companies and investors are looking at the high ownership rates of private vehicles which can
propel the P2P market.
ME59-18 38
Corporate Carsharing
Corporate carsharing services are offering increased benefits to organizations with improved solutions to
manage employee mobility budgets and reduce overhead costs and enable effective utilization of fleets.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Corporate Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019
Corporate Carsharing
Scope of research
CSO model Non-CSO model
Traditional CSOs
act as operators
Leasing/ OEM/car
Technology provider
rental companies
(E.g., Fleetster,
(E.g., – AlphaCity,
Convadis, Ubeeqo)
Europcar)
Corporate carsharing is a natural For leasing companies, OEMs have been actively Technology providers offer
extension of services offered by partnering with third-party investing in corporate corporate carsharing
leasing and rental companies technology providers is a quicker carsharing programs with solutions directly to companies.
because they already have route to market rather than going factory-installed technology Companies use their own fleet
access to a wide base of for in-house IT development as the in cars. Opportunities exist and leverage the technology
corporate customers. latter is a very costly option given in aftermarket solutions. solution to offer carsharing
the current small size of this market. to their employees.
ME59-18 39
Corporate Carsharing (continued)
Corporate CSOs are expanding operations through strategic partnerships with technology providers integrating
new capabilities such as telematics to enable better platform experiences for corporate clients.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Corporate Carsharing Market Size, Global, 2018-2019
Fleet Size (in ‘000), Global, 2018-2019 Global Market Size

193.8
85.9 2018 2019
2018 2019 Revenue: 392.5 Million Revenue: 925.5 Million
Partnerships and Holistic Corporate

Expansion Mobility Technologies
• Drivy in partnership with Valeo and Capgemini launched a • Arval introduced new products
Key digital carsharing solution for corporates called Mov’InBlue. integrating telematics which now
• Alphabet developed a mobility ecosystem that goes beyond allows users to replace pool and rental
Highlights “only” Corporate Carsharing - covers business parks, hotels cars where corporates pay for
and residential carsharing. In-addition they have gone carsharing per car on a monthly basis.
2018 multiband to include other brand of cars
Oems To Expand Business

Interconnecting B2B and B2C
With Corporate Carsharing
• Automotive giant Toyota plans to launch its Yuko corporate • Europcar’s Ubeeqo offers carsharing for
2019 carsharing service in Spain and Denmark during the first half both B2B and B2C plans to move
of 2019 towards MaaS platform in the future with
Outlook • More OEMs are expected to support corporate carshare integrated payments all in one unified
fleets - BYD is offering EV fleets as part of its corporate app
carsharing program in Brazil.
ME59-18 40
Carsharing—2019 Outlook
The carsharing market across all segments will move towards becoming a key focal point for future connected
and integrated mobility services witnessing greater inflow of investment and service expansion.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Carsharing Outlook, Global, 2019
Electrification of Fleets Business Expansion
Carsharing operators and Cities to focus Post the merger of carsharing entities of
on making their carsharing fleet green by Daimler and BMW, the new JV called
changing over to electric cars Jurbey is expected to launch in Q1 2019
More than 10 new carsharing programs They aim to offer services beyond
launched in 2018 were solely electric carsharing by including ehailing, parking,
carsharing programs. This trend is charging and other on-demand services
expected to continue in 2019 such as Moovel through their partnerships
2019
Outlook
Greater Collaboration for Technology Players to Play
Corporate Carsharing Services a Greater Role
2019 will witness greater demand for Leading carsharing technology and
corporate carsharing as employers want platform providers such as Vulog/Ridecell
to provide more sustainable transport are working with key OEMs in Europe and
options for their employees China
The market segment is also likely to Advanced technologies like predictive

moved towards collaborations with analytics, insurance telematics and
integrated mobility platforms which will intelligent fleet management systems will
allow for greater flexibility and generate become increasingly important for fleet
high interest for organizations utilization and operational efficiency
ME59-18 41
Ridesharing
Return to contents
ME59-18 42
Definition of Ridesharing Types
Ridesharing which broadly covers the concept of carpooling connects travellers going in the same direction
through a mobile app enabling them to share a ride together including the cost of the ride.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Market Definition,

Europe and North America, 2019
A mobile ridesharing application

groups travellers going in the same
direction to share ride costs.
Passengers Search Operator Listed Drivers
Rides Database Routes
Ridesharing Operators Connect Passengers and Drivers.
3 groups have emerged that target types of trips:
Fixed Long Corporate On Demand/

Distance Carpooling Dynamic
Ridematching for potential users travelling Ridesharing that is not pre-arranged well in
Service for people travelling to work advance but is co-ordinated shortly before
to and from similar places with a well together as a driver or a passenger,
planned and fixed destination the trip; instant real-time match between
saving gas and money driver and passenger
Average Distance: 200 miles (~330kms)
Companies: BlaBlaCar, Kangaride, Companies: TwoGo, Liftshare, Companies: Carma, Flinc,
GoCarShare Zimride, Faxi Citygoo, Scoop
ME59-18 43
Ridesharing Industry Overview—Europe and North America
Number of ridesharing companies have recorded high growth in membership with North America likely to lead
the way in 2019.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Market Size,

Europe and North America, 2018–2019
NA Ridesharing Market Europe Ridesharing Market Key Players in
Key Players in NA Europe
4,978.8
Waze Carpool BlaBlaCar(Global)
150,000 members 60 million members
Takescoop GoMore
~1 million members ~1 million members
In $ Million
1,358.0
Faxi
In $ Million
SPLT
141 companies using
140,000 members 1,018.2
4,164.1 Faxi
Carpoolworld.com Wayzup
580,000 members 65,000 members
(60 companies)
Kangaride
Citygoo
450,000 members 220,000 members
GoKid
Scheduled over 55,000 Flinc
2018 2019 2018 2019
carpools on the platform 500,000 members
• Europe and North America continue to remain the largest markets globally for rideshare services however, the NA region is expected
to witness high adoption rates in 2019 with an expected revenue growth of 33%
• BlaBlaCar’s user base touched its 60 million mark and also plans to launch bus routes on its app. Other ridesharing companies such
as Takescoop, GoMore and Liftshare are reaching close to having more than a million members registering on their platform
Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2018. Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18
ME59-18 44
Ridesharing—Key 2018 Highlights
Ridesharing market has witnessed increased inflow of funds, business expansion and acquisitions by market
leaders while business innovation has also been a key focus area for most players globally.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Key Highlights and Outlook,
Europe and North America, 2018
Key Highlights 2018
Investments and Acquisitions
• Market consolidation has been an ongoing trend in 2018 - BlaBlaCar acquired start-up Less based in Paris and
BeepCar based in Belgium.
• BlablaCar also raised €101 Mn through a corporate funding round which was led by SNCF making it the highest
funded ridesharing platform with a total $448.5 Mn.
• Germany’s Wunder mobility raised $30 Mn to strengthen its foothold in ‘developing markets such as India and
Brazil.
• Bosch acquired rideshare service provider SPLT as part of its new focus towards shared mobility services.
Launch / Expansion
• Waze Carpool expanded its services across the United States and recorded over 110 million monthly active users
globally.
• Companies such as Poparide in the NA market recorded 100,000 members in 2018 which was 2x the number of
members they had in 2017. The company also partnered with impak finance for offering reward points to users for
sustainable consumption which can be spent on impak’s marketplace.
Business Innovation
• Waze Carpool has deployed 3,000 Waze Beacons, which enable GPS reception in tunnels.
• California-based Figure8 have a highly innovative approach to rideshare solutions for kids. This includes a
personal digital assistant, communities feature which allows the creation of specific communities within the app,
real-time notifications, a rides calendar and an attendance and dismissal manager.
• Unique insurance products for ridesharing such as AXA which launched a motor insurance policy for BlaBlaCar
called BlaBlaSure where there is no excess charged for damages and has three tiers in the policy which includes
liability protection, coverage for theft or fire and comprehensive insurance with collision damage.
ME59-18 45
Ridesharing—2019 Outlook
The year ahead is expected to be promising for the ridesharing market with greater demand coming from
emerging markets in APAC and Latin America.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Outlook, Europe and North America,
2019
More players to enter Emerging markets to witness
ridesharing space greater adoption of
• Mapping and shared mobility ridesharing services
companies are expected to expand • Emerging markets such as India
their services to include ridesharing will witness greater demand for
as part of their portfolio. ridesharing apps such as sRide
and QuickRide.
• Here Mobility launched its SoMo
• Wunder Mobility reached more
app in 2019 combining maps and
than 2 million users in a dozen
navigation with a social ride share
countries, including France,
concept for one-time events such as
Germany, Spain, Brazil, India,
weddings or parties.
and the Philippines.
2019
Greater partnerships to emerge
Outlook
between ridesharing and other
shared mobility services Urban areas will be key targets
• Corporate ridesharing companies for market capitalization
like Scoop and Klaxit are • Short-distance ridesharing demand
partnering with ridehailing firms is growing especially due to urban
Uber and Lyft respectively to offer commuters seeking economical yet
a guaranteed ride home programs. efficient options for city travel.
• Government bodies are
• As the global mobility market is continuously working on improving
heading towards integrated regulatory frameworks especially in
services, shared mobility operators major business districts and metro
are expected to collaborate areas to combat increasing traffic
services with ridesharing platforms congestion and pollution.
in established markets.
ME59-18 46
eHailing
Return to contents
ME59-18 47
Definition of eHailing Business Models
Taxi business models have changed over the years with advancement in technology and increasing mobile
penetration rates redefining the way people hail a taxi today.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Definition, Global, 2019
Public Taxi Private/Radio Taxi P2P-based Taxi

Taxis can be booked
Taxis can only be Taxis can be booked
How passengers in advance using the
hailed off the street or by sending requests
hail the ride from taxi stands
dispatch service
using the smartphone app
(telephone/mobile)
The passenger will be

The passenger will be
How passengers Once a taxi is located, informed about the
informed through the
accept the ride the passenger hails it acceptance, possibly
smartphone app
through a message
Only licensed drivers; Drivers should have a Works with licensed taxi
Driver Must meet the basic pre- PHV license, and the drivers and private
requirements requisites and complete vehicle should also meet drivers who own a car
training specific age requirements
ME59-18 48
Enhanced User Experience
Leading ehailing companies across global regions are innovating new channels to improve and personalize
individual customer’s experience which will also drive greater customer stickiness to these platforms.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Enhanced User Experience, Global, 2019
• Uber and Lyft has not only started focusing on multi-modal solutions but has also understood key
factors which will enhance personal users experience.
• They offer personalized contextual suggestions which look at customers usage pattern and the
reason for travel recommending travel options based on factors including price, speed, comfort and
NA convenience.
Integrated • In addition to the improved user experience, Uber is also rolling out its new Rewards program which
Multimodal includes powerful perks such as $5 cash rewards, flexible cancellations, price protection for two fixed
Platform destinations and premium support.
• Didi upgraded its services in early 2018 with new features such as virtual pick-up points and public
transport connectivity. They have also partnered with Continental Group to work jointly on developing
Integrated a smart travel service to enhance user experience.
APAC
Platform with • Didi mostly recently also acquired a patent portfolio from France Brevets related to autonomous
Public Transport vehicle technologies. The portfolio includes technologies LiDAR, Radar and Heads Up Display
Connectivity (HUD).
• Luxury ehailing service provider expanded its service portfolio to include Tesla’s Model S and Model
X as part of its fleet through its chauffeured Green Class across 20 cities. This move also supports
Concierge
organizations to help fulfil their CSR goals with these zero-emission vehicles..
EU Services at
Airports • Blacklane also introduced concierge services with Blacklane PASS (Premium Airport Services and
Solutions) which assists travelers with their luggage upon arrival, departure and connections across
500+ airports.
ME59-18 49
eHailing—Connected Vehicles and Revenue
The market has witnessed high consolidation especially in the EU and APAC regions while participants are
now investing in other shared mobility market segments and tweaking their business model.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Definition, Global, 2019
Mobility Outlook: eHailing Connected Vehicles, Mobility Outlook: eHailing Market Revenue,
Global, 2018–2019 Global, 2018-2019
11.7 605.4
In $ Million
Million
505.3
10.2
2018 2019 2018 2019
Total Connected Vehicles Total Connected Vehicle Revenue
• Local players in each region are building strong growth numbers and increasing the share of their market such as Ola in India which
recorded a market share of 56.2% against its closest rival Uber while Lyft in the United States grew its market share from 20% in
2017 to 35% in 2018.
• The APAC region continues to lead in terms of sheer market numbers owing to rapid urbanization and high population while trends
such as reducing vehicle ownership is further expected to drive adoption.
Note: All figures are rounded. The base year is 2018. Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18
ME59-18 50
eHailing—Key 2018 Highlights
While investments for companies like Grab soared to exponential heights, the market has been buzzing with
increased partnerships, greater focus on adoption of latest technologies and user-focused improvements.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Highlights and Outlook,
Global, 2018
Key Highlights 2018
Investments and Partnerships Technology Adoption

• Hyundai and Kia invested $250 Mn in Grab in • Microsoft partnered with Grab to collaborate on
order push for EV adoption while Toyota is areas such as Artificial Intelligence and machine
investing $1Billion which is the largest learning and will use Microsoft’s Azure cloud
investment from an OEM ever in an ehailing computing platform for its operations.
service. • Indonesian ehailing app Anterin adopted APIs
• Daimler partnered with Geely to offer premium from HERE Technologies which also allows
ehailing services as a 50:50 joint venture in drivers to set their own prices making the model
competition to Chinese giant Didi Chuxing. more auction based as compared to fixed
pricing.
• DBS Bank and Go-Jek entered a regional
strategic partnership for the platforms payment • Singapore-based start-up MVL (Mass vehicle
services before launching in Singapore Didi in Ledger) launched a blockchain based ehail
China received a $500 Mn investment from travel service called TADA with digital tokens allowing
company Booking.com for entering new markets all ride data to be gathered in a central database
outside China. and available on-demand for all parties in the
ecosystem.
ME59-18 51
eHailing—Key 2018 Highlights (continued)
eHailing market is evolving to include specific customer segments and integrating their services to other
mobility options to improve their profitability.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Highlights and Outlook,
Global, 2018
Key Highlights 2018
Integration of ehailing services

Growth of specialized ehailing
with other shared mobility
services globally
options
• Ehailing market globally has been • Uber and Lyft apps now also offer shared
focusing more on specific user needs and bikes and e-scooters on their app while
safety concerns such as ehailing services companies such as ReachNow have moved
dedicated for women like Carriage for Her into ride-hailing in Seattle integrating the
in Malaysia, FemiTaxi and LadyDriver in services within its carsharing platform
Brazil, Safr and Carol Drives in the United whereas its drivers are sourced via a third
States, DriveHer in Canada, Shebah and party.
Shesafe in Australia and She Cab and • Chinese ehailing giant Didi Chuxing
TaxShe in India among others. integrated public transport on its app to
• India based Ola acquired ticketing app allow its users to book vehicles including
Ridlr to explore mass transit integration ehailing to virtual meeting points, bus stops
including buses, trains and metro with and also plan their multi-modal journey
real-time tracking capabilities. using private and public transport.
ME59-18 52
eHailing— 2019 Outlook
Technology will remain a key focus area for 2019 with companies looking to leverage synergies and focusing
on investments towards more integrated service offerings.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Outlook, Global, 2019
Ehailing will move towards More investments to pour in

self-driven vehicle fleets for ehailing companies
• eHailing giants are focusing more on • The global market is expected to

adoption of self-driving vehicles. witness a continued trend of
• Uber which plans to buy 24,000 Volvo automakers and technology providers
SUVs to fit self-driving systems. investing in ehailing platforms.
• Lyft which has already been offering • Investments are being driven by
self-driven vehicles with technology increasing geographical expansion
partner Aptiv for users in Las Vegas and R&D activities for technologies
and has completed more than 5,000 such as autonomous driving.
rides.
2019 New technologies and features

Integrated services will be a Outlook
key focus for 2019 to improve experiences
• Ehailing companies combining • Start-ups such as Alto have

their services with other modes of demonstrated unique concepts -
transport including public and illumination of vehicle exterior during
private transport. arrival for easy identification, user
• Companies will also focus on control via app for music and volume
integrating public transit data into among others.
their platforms while working • Adoption of AI based virtual assistants
further towards future prospects and use of blockchain for
such as enabling unified in-app decentralized ehailing concepts.
payments for multi-modal users. • Vehicle ecommerce as an added
feature while creating an addition
source of revenue (Uber and Cargo).
ME59-18 53
Dynamic Shuttle/DRT
Return to contents
ME59-18 54
The Concept of Demand Responsive Transit (DRT)
On-demand buses leverage big data to determine bus routes and time lines, improve efficiency of the system,
reduce congestion and emissions, and deliver convenience at a fraction of the cost of private transport.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: On-Demand Bus Transit Definition, Global, 2019
On-demand bus transit addresses the inherent drawbacks of the traditional bus transit model by eliminating the
fixed route on fixed schedule operations. On-demand bus transit integrates the low cost structure and efficiency of
public mass transit with the convenience of private door-to-door individual transit systems, such as taxis, and offers
the services at a price point still lower than taxis but slightly higher than public buses.
Passengers book their seats in a Routes are determined so as to
Destination is reached
bus through a smartphone app or maintain time, choose nearest
in less time, as C is by calling the operator (mainly pick up points, and travel the
eliminated from the emerging markets). shortest distance.
route at a low cost
without causing any
inconvenience to
passengers.
D B
E
A Buses are allocated effectively and
The backend system receives will only route to stops with
C all the requests and runs passengers who have bookings.
algorithms to determine routes. Despite C being a stop, the bus will
On-Demand Bus Route Traditional Bus Route go from B to D.
ME59-18 55
DRT Market—Overview
DRT market across NA, EU and Developed Asia has witnessed high growth with new players and on-demand
shuttle services being offered for short-distance and long-distance trips.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: DRT Market – Overview, Global, 2019
Market Revenue ($ Mn) Total Shuttles Key Players
Chariot DRT Fleet Size, Global, 2018–2019 • NA region witnessed staggering

Chariot
North America
growth with new services and

300+ vehicles OurBus
50,000+ rides/month 103k local authorities are partnering
Skedaddle with DRT operators.
Via • Number of new players are
16 shuttles BoxCar expected to emerge deploying
24,000 rides in six
Via
latest technologies which will
months - Arlington Prime Time Shuttle include autonomous shuttle fleets.
25k
• On-demand shuttle market has
Go-Opti Go-Opti grown significantly since 2017
1,000,000+ members; Allygator with OEMs such as Daimler
2018 2019
Europe
23,000 rides/month investing in Via and technology

Kyyti
Skedaddle companies such as Door2Door
Citymapper DRT Revenue, Global, 2018–2019 which started Allygator Shuttles.
80,000+ members;
50,000 rides per month; Zeelo Shotl • The market is poised for further
1,200 vehicles growth with the advent of
Arriva Click 4,214.5 Mn autonomous shuttles.
Beeline Didi Bus Swat •

Developed Asia
Emerging markets such as India

40+ shuttles
Callbus 972.1 Mn also witnessed greater traction
Tech platform for Grab
with operators such as ZipGo
Shuttles LTA Beeline acquiring bus aggregator
Didi Chuxing
HillsVia Supreme Trans for an estimated
Buses sourced from 2018 2019
$16 Mn while UAE-based Careem
leasing companies and Beijing Public acquired Commut.
travel agencies
Transport
ME59-18 56
Demand Responsive Transit—Key 2018 Highlights
The global demand –responsive shuttle market is witnessing increased partnerships and investments for
expansion of emerging business models and adoption of autonomous technologies for shuttles.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Demand Responsive Transit Highlights and
Outlook, Global, 2018
Key Highlights 2018
Fragmented Market in its Expansion Phase
• While the market still remains niche, operators are experimenting with pilot projects to understand key areas of demand while also
focusing on areas where private vehicle usage can be reduced.
• Companies such as Via have been aggressive in their market expansion as they launched services in Amsterdam, London and
Berlin.
• New business models were also seen emerging where the demand responsive transit concept has been applied to long-distance
or inter-city travel. Companies such as Go-Opti, Zeelo, Snap and Ourbus have been leading the long distance DRT market.
Increased Public Private Partnerships

• High interest was shown by public transit authorities for partnership and collaboration with demand responsive shuttle operators -
TfL partnered with Citymapper and LTA Singapore launched its on-demand public bus trial towards end of 2018.
• Universities have also shown interest towards the on-demand service - MIT launched SafeRide shuttle pilot, University of
Michigan launched its RITMO project in partnership with Ford.
• Shuttle operators are also partnering with a variety of commuter benefit programs in USA -commuter benefit cards such as eTrac,
TransitChek and Wageworks amongst others.
• Via partnered with Japanese real estate developer Mori Building to launch HillsVia on-demand shuttle service in Minato City.
Emergence of Autonomous Shuttle Manufacturers

• A number of autonomous shuttle manufacturers and technology providers were seen launching and testing their concepts globally
during 2018 such as EasyMile, Drive.ai, Optimus Ride, Navya and Muji among others.
• Key countries which are supporting autonomous shuttle trials include United States, UK, France, Germany, Australia, Japan and
Singapore while more countries are expected to witness launch of pilots in 2019.
ME59-18 57
Demand Responsive Transit—2019 Outlook
The market will witness increased automation, growth of electric and autonomous shuttle fleets while new
participants and increased partnerships are expected in the fragmented market space.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Demand Responsive Transit Outlook,
Global, 2019
Market Consolidation and New Stakeholders to Emerge

Increased Partnerships
• As the market gains more traction,
• Partnerships between automakers, more platforms are expected to
transit agencies, and demand- emerge which can offer price
responsive service providers will comparisons or offer aggregated
gather momentum services to users
• Despite being nascent, the market is • The market will also witness
witnessing consolidations due to a emergence of more players
number of factors, chief among which especially for the mini-van, shuttle
are low fares, low utilization rates, and SUV segments
marketing & promotions, and access
to funds 2019
Outlook
Greater Automation and Growth of Electric and
Integration Autonomous Fleets
• Automation is expected to lead the • Autonomous and electric shuttles will

market, with higher utilization and seek prime interest amongst
lower fares. operators, technology providers,
• Companies like Skedaddle are manufacturers and city transport
already working on developing authorities for deployment of
blockchain protocols through their on-demand driverless services
Boomerang projects • Operators will also leverage public
• Other shared mobility providers are transit data for analytics helping
also expected to partner or merge them shift from an entirely crowd-
service with demand responsive sourced operational model towards
shuttle operators algorithm based routes
ME59-18 58
Bikesharing
Return to contents
ME59-18 59
Definition and Key Players
There are more than 800 bikesharing schemes operating today across 50+ countries globally which includes
pedal bikes, e-bikes and e-scooters.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Bikesharing Market Definition, Global, 2019
Bike Sharing Types
Bike Sharing Types
Based on Vehicles and Stations
Based on Ownership
Pedal Bike E-bikes/e-scooters

Traditional Peer to Peer
For profit
Bike Sharing Types
Based on Business and Operational Model Fixed Mobile
Not For Station Station
profit
Use of Solar panels to recharge bikes
Fixed Bike Sharing Flexible Bike Sharing
Key Players
Motivate
Lime Bike Nextbike
Bird Skip Ofo
Mobike
Docks at Station Docks at Station
Docks at Station
B Yellow Spin
A A Jump
Hellobike Velib
ME59-18 60
Micro-mobility Revolution—Highlights
As price war and consolidation continues, the global market has seen the rise and fall of e-scooter start-ups
in a very short span of 1-2 years while most surviving companies are sustaining with high inflow of funds.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Micro-mobility Revolution Highlights, Global,
2018
Micro-mobility Market: Revenue, Global, 2018-2019 China – Bikesharing Market
4,354.8 • Mobike and Ofo dominated the market
• Around 60 firms added 16-18 million bikes while Beijing alone had 2.4
$ Millions
million bikes and 11 million users, close to 50% of the population

4,068.6
• Has deployed over 10 million bicycles in 250 cities
and 20 countries.
• The company was valued at upwards of $2 billion in
2017 and had over 7.3 million daily active users
2018 2019
(May 2018).
Europe – Bikesharing Market • Has deployed over 9 million bicycles in 190 cities
• 8 per cent of its population use bikes more than other transport across China, Singapore, Italy, Japan, the U.K and
means every day U.S.
• Biggest problem Faced by the operators has been Vandalism • The company was valued at up to $3 billion and
has over 6.2 million daily active users (May 2018)
• European market has witnessed the penetration of Chinese
dockless e-scooter players • Mobike has raised close to $928 Mn till date
North America– Bikesharing Market Although the market is growing, few operators are
facing Challenges
• Dockless Bike Schemes have exploded in past one year with
participants such as Bird and Lime which are valued at more than • China based Bluegogo filed for bankruptcy in November 2017
$1Bn post raising hundreds of millions in funding. • Hong Kong based Gobee pulled out of France in 2018 due to
• Acquisitions have also increased such as Uber acquiring Jump and extreme vandalism issues
Lyft which acquired Motivate while Lime Bikes is planning its • Obike ceased operations in Munich following its bankruptcy in July
carsharing program – Limepods 2018
ME59-18 61
Bikesharing—Outlook
OEM and other shared mobility participants will continue to invest in bikesharing programs globally while
dockless e-scooter services will further expand operations across key global regions with high potential.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Bike Sharing – Outlook, Global, 2019
Investments to Grow Geographical Expansion
• Investments in bikesharing • The number of bikes in

services will continue in 2019 as bikesharing systems is growing
there is increasing interest from rapidly, with the largest
OEMs and other shared mobility bikesharing systems
operators in this space implemented in China
• Ehailing companies have shown
• Asian players like ofo and
keen interest such as Taxify
Mobike will intensify their
entered e-scooter market, Ola
launched their bikesharing service
expansion plans to European
Ola Pedal while Didi and Grab also cities
invested in dock-less bike sharing
programs 2019
Outlook
E-scooter Manufacturers to
E-scooter Wars become More Profitable
• E-scooters are gaining immense • E-scooter manufacturers such as
popularity and the battle is set to Xiaomi and Segway have
get more intense with a number already witnessed high sales
of players such as Bird, Lime, with the emergence of shared e-
Uber’s Jump and Mobike scooter market.
amongst others • Manufacturers will witness high
sales in the near future with
rapid global expansion of shared
e-scooter services
ME59-18 62
Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)
Return to contents
ME59-18 63
Definition of MaaS
Mobility –as-a-Service (MaaS) aims to provide a unified and connected ecosystem which includes shared
mobility, public transit, city infrastructure and parking with easy data flow across all stakeholders.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Definition, Global, 2019
• Mobility as a Service brings together every kind of transport into a single intuitive smartphone app.
Mobility-as- • It seamlessly combines transport options from different transport providers, handling everything from travel
a-Service planning to payments.
(MaaS) • MaaS also aims to connect city infrastructure like traffic lights along with parking spaces and help in easy
exchange of data supporting effective traffic management in cities.
Supplier Content Platform User
ME59-18 64
MaaS Market Segmentation
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: System Segmentation, Global, 2019
MaaS Market
B2C B2G
B2B
( Business to (Business to
Consumer) (Business to Business) Governments)
Examples : Whim, Examples : Whim for Examples : Moovel,

Wienmobil, Moovel, business, Moovel for Moovit, Trafi, Ford,
GVH business, Mobeelity Bosch
ME59-18 65
MaaS Market Segmentation (continued)
As the market matures we will see many of the operators starting to offer solutions to businesses and
Governments.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: System Segmentation, Global, 2019
B2C B2B
B2G
ME59-18 66
Competitive Benchmarking of MaaS Operators
Although there are a number of journey planners in the market, payment and ticketing integration is the crucial
factor that makes them Mobility-as-a-Service operators.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Competitive Benchmarking of Mobility-as-a-

Service Market, Global, 2019
Integration Levels
Countries
Name Region Present In Business Model 1 2 3 4 Modes Included
Moovel EU 6 B2B/B2G/B2C X X X
Whim MaaS EU Finland, UK B2B/B2C/B2G X X X X
Navigogo EU Scotland B2C X X X
Trafi EU 8 B2C/B2B/B2G X X X
Wiener
EU Austria B2C X X X
Linien
Postbus EU Switzerland B2C X X

Integrated everything from
HERE
Global - B2B/B2G X X X transport to hotels/stadiums/retail
Mobility and airlines.
Can Aggregate any kind of
Moovit Global 80 B2C/B2B/B2G X X X transport, White Label App
Uber NA 1 B2C X X
Notes for Integrations Levels 3 Payment integration - when one single invoice is issued for
1. Journey Planning Services - Considered only if public transport is all of the customers’ mobility needs
also available ( door-to-door) 4. Tailored mobility packages - when customers can
2. Ticketing Integration - Buy tickets for public transport pre-pay for specific amounts Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 67
MaaS Market Overview And Key Players
New technologies and business models are emerging which will set the stage for Maas operators to offer
customized offerings to end users.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Overview, Global, 2019
Key Players MaaS Market Revenue ($Mn), Global, 2018-2019 Future Players
1 Bn
140 Mn
2018 2019
• The revenue to the MaaS operators is expected to increase substantially in 2019 with the increasing penetration of MaaS players.
• Currently MaaS market in EU and NA are highly fragmented with less than 10 active players out of which only 6 players have payment
and ticketing integrated in the platform. This scenario is likely to change with more players like Uber and Lyft entering the market
ME59-18 68
HERE Mobility Marketplace
With years of technology expertise, HERE is well-positioned to provide a comprehensive, scalable MaaS
solution.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Here Mobility, Global, 2019
Web Widget
Website to seamlessly enable
Friction-less, Neutral
Kiosk on-demand and pre-booked Platform
Mobility SDK
Self-Service Kiosks to transportation . Deliver any mobility service, Serving as more than just
allow the customers to
including taxi, private hire, and
manage their an aggregator, it enables
public transportation through a
transportation needs HERE Mobility both sides of the
single SDK
Marketplace supply/demand spectrum
to easily connect through a
Concierge API
single point of contact
A comprehensive tool Use the mobility services
to manage customers API to tap directly into the
transportation needs Marketplace On the Supply Side –
platform to make a very easy
on-board process with the
API’s and SDK’s
On the Demand Side –

Provide broad demand kits
to connect – like
kiosks/websites
Hotels Restaurant Stadiums Retail Airlines Shared Public

Mobility Transport Opportunity to monetize
with “Sponsored Suppliers”
HERE Mobility recently like on Amazon
Debuted its Service in Marketplace though
London. Partners Include transparency with suppliers
Image Source: Here Mobility Website Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 69
Trafi Multimodal Solution
Internet giants such as Google, the car maker Skoda or the World Bank are working together with Trafi on
resolving traffic solutions in cites.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Trafi, Global, 2019
Trafi in Lithuania
• Trafi currently operates only in the Baltic
States in Europe, Plans to expand to
Platforms Berlin.
• 100,000 users in Vilnius, about one-fifth of
Enhance Launch the city's population
Expand existing mobility Build New Mobility Service from • City offers data to Trafi through its transport
services Scratch
companies and Trafi plays the data back to
the cities; which the city then uses to widen
Integrate with public traffic routes, move traffic lights etc
transport
Multimodal Routing Partners
Functionality/ comparison
Integrate third party
on demand services
Launch and operate
Trafi and Lyft
other transport types
• Lyft partners with Trafi to introduce a multi-
modal mobility feature
Use Trafi UI experience • Trafi technology and Transit data will be
as white label Manage user account integrated into the Lyft app to enhance
and payments customer experience
• With the “Nearby Transit” option, Lyft
customers will be able to see routes and
schedule information
Collaborations
ME59-18 70
Uber in MaaS
Uber is announcing new partnerships to be able to position itself as a one stop shop for all the mobility
solutions offering diversified services under a single app.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Uber in MaaS, Global, 2019
Partnerships Acquisitions
Regional Transportation District
Taiwan Government
Key Partnerships Innovations
• Uber is partnering with companies such as Masabi,

Getaround etc to integrate their services on its own app. • Uber initiated a reward program in US for its users to
• The company has partnered with governments of reward them based on their usage in the last 6 months.
Taiwan, Denver etc. to integrate public transport system • Unlike other mobility players in the industry, Uber recently
on Uber’s app to become a dominant source of urban introduced personalized services where the app would
transport. suggest the users to the best way to move to the
• To diversify its portfolio of services, Uber has also destination, including the vehicle type based on price,
acquired companies like Jump and Otto, which can be spacing, distance, speed etc.
booked through Uber App.
ME59-18 71
Lyft’s Plan for a Multimodal Future
Being one of the most popular mobility service providers, Lyft is partnering with the technology companies,
transit agencies and other mobility companies to offer Mobility as a Service.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Lyft, Global, 2019
Acquisitions Trafi and Lyft
Cars
Bikes Shuttles Lyft has partnered with Trafi to integrate

the public transit options on its app
Key cities
Scooters Buses
Washington, D.C. Santa Monica
Metro California City Los Angeles
Key Partnerships
New Features
• The users get suggestions from

• Partnership with 25 cities to integrate public transit in the future the app based on user behavior,
• In Nov 2018, the company acquired bike sharing company location etc. for commuting
Motivate, including the umbrella companies in Bay Area, Chicago, • The app also shows different
Washington DC and New york modes of travel including a local
• Lyft is in talks to acquire the long distance bus sharing startup bus or a metro to reach in the
Skedaddle more efficient manner in spite of
not having monetary benefits
from them
ME59-18 72
MaaS—2018 Market Highlights
OEMs and tech giants are aiming to bridge the gap between public-private transit operators to integrate
current fragmented eco system while key participants have raised funding for collaboration and expansion.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Highlights, Global, 2018
• Moovel: Transit authorities can bundle their transportation services with other mobility services and integrate them into
White Label new pricing models, without the need for a payment license marketplace.
• Moovit: One platform to integrate multimodal journey planning and timetable synchronization, first & last mile solutions,
MaaS
data analytics, singular payment portal, route optimization and more.
Technology
• Bosch: The intermodal mobility platform is developed on the Bosch IoT Suite and operated in the Bosch IoT Cloud. Complies
with the Germany’s strict data-protection standards. Eg : MoveBW.
• Siemens: A neutral platform open to all kinds of mobility offers and service providers. Existing license agreements with
approximately 20 operators and mobility service providers.
• TomTom, Microsoft and Moovit colloborate to provide a comprehensive multimodal trip planner.
• Ford and Autonomic’s Transportation Mobility Cloud - Platform designed to help connect smart transportation services, as well
as adjacent connected offerings like connected traffic lights, parking spots and help co-ordinate all the efforts in real-time. Expanding
Ecosystem
• 15 countries are actively trying out MaaS pilots globally which includes England, New Zealand, Amsterdam etc.
• Finland has proposed new legislations for MaaS that provides preconditions for digitalization of transport and new business
models. The law is set to create a framework for a more efficient arrangement of passenger transport by utilizing
Increased digitalization, combined transport and different fleet types.
Government • Scottish government has invested £2 million into the development of Mobility as a Service platform.
Focus
• Moovit has raised another $50 million led by Intel’s mobileye for its urban transit app. The collaboration of Moovit and
Mobileye’s platforms should build the basis for a MaaS system that has strong integrations with a network of self-driving
vehicles.
• Fleetondemand has received £5 million to develop their product Mobilleo which provides Mobility as a Service solution to
business travellers. Investments/
• Whim, recently received a €9 million investment and plans to expand globally with MaaS solutions. Funding
ME59-18 73
MaaS—2019 Outlook
Adoption of shared mobility modes, new mobility policies, and reduced private ownership of cars will strongly
propel MaaS to become a significant part of the mobility market by 2019, despite its small presence currently.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Outlook, Global, 2019
Investments and Geographical Expansion
Partnerships
• Players in Europe are likely to
• MaaS is likely to attract more expand their services in NA.
investments , consolidations • Foreign players will find it
and partnerships from OEMs. difficult to gain a market share
• Opportunities for existing in China, local players like Didi
MaaS players with and Alibaba are likely to
technology players that can upgrade their platform and
enable seamless integration expand their services .
of mobility services and Technology Adoption
facilitate payment services.
2019 • With companies like Uber and
Development of a MaaS Outlook Toyota investing heavily in
Strategy integration of autonomous
vehicles in ridehailing services,
2019 may see increased support
• At least 10 other cities in the
in autonomous mobility services
developed world such as
being integrated in MaaS.
London, New York, Tokyo,
• The market will also witness the
Singapore, Hong Kong which
rise of new connected
already have advanced fare
ecosystems which will enable
collection systems such as
cities to manage traffic and
online/ contactless payments,
infrastructure while enabling
well-developed digital
stakeholders to have greater
platforms, to adopt a clear
access to data.
MaaS strategy by 2019.
ME59-18 74
Autonomous Shared Mobility
Return to contents
ME59-18 75
Autonomous Shuttle—Value Chain and Business Models
Shuttle providers chose different value chain routes based on their internal capabilities and extrinsic
ecosystem constituents like software, sensors, processors to name a few.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Value Chain and Business Models for Autonomous
Shuttles, Europe and North America, 2019
Hardware Software Customer
Vehicle
Fleet HD Fleet
Platform Processors Sensors ADAS UI
Management Mapping Maintenance
Shuttle provider sources vehicles from OEMs and integrate

their own ADAS software and operate the vehicles through
their own fleet management solution.
Model 1
Shuttle provider manufactures own vehicle and integrates sensors and ADAS software. For
operation, the provider partners with third party fleet management company.
Model 2
Shuttle provider carries out every process in the value chain. The company manufactures own vehicle, integrates sensors
and ADAS software along with operating them through their own user interface.
Model 3
Note: Models indicate processes carried by Shuttle providers
Business Models
Providers
B2C Shuttle providers can directly offer Governments can buy shuttles/ can partner
their services to general public. partner with shuttle providers. B2B with
businesses
B2G2C
Government Business
Shuttle services can be Entity Entity
offered for general public
General Public Source: Frost & Sullivan
ME59-18 76
Initiatives Across the Globe—Public Private Integration
Governments across developed cities are building testing infrastructure and piloting autonomous shuttles to
evaluate viability, user experience and effectiveness to meet the growing demand for transportation.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Initiatives Around the Globe, Global, 2019
Switzerland Finland
Swiss Post Bus launched 2- HSL, in collaboration with Easy
year long fare-free service Mile EZ10 launched an electric
trial since 2016 dubbed as autonomous bus shuttle
US
‘Smart Shuttle ‘Robobusline’
Denver - Easy-Mile's six-
seat EZ-10 driverless South Korea
shuttle Building an artificial town,
K-City for autonomous
vehicle testing
France
Paris RATP - 2 electric
autonomous buses by Easy
Mile across the city since
2016.
US
Transdev - launch an Norway China
autonomous shuttle pilot in The Public Transport Authority for China plans to have 30 million
2018. Oslo and Akershus (Ruter AS) autonomous vehicles on its
GAToRS (Gainesville Netherlands aims to pilot 10-20 buses in the roads in the next 10 years
Autonomous Transit Service) In 2016, Netherlands deployed Oslo and Akershus
- operate 5 days a week through world’s first autonomous six
2020. real traffic conditions in seater shuttle, WEpods in a
2018 central Dutch city.
UAE Singapore
Germany In early 2018, Dubai RTA signed Authorized12 km of testing
Berlin secured a funding of 5 an agreement with Next Future routes for autonomous
million Euros and permission to Inc. to develop the world’s first vehicles, and is expanding to
test Autonomous shuttles autonomous pods unit, named nearby areas
NX1
ME59-18 77
Snapshot of the Key Markets—Feasibility Analysis and Timeline
Globally, companies are planning to commercialize autonomous vehicles between 2020 to 2022, backed by
government initiatives in North America, UK, China, Japan, Dubai and other countries.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Snapshot of Key Markets, Global, 2019
North America Europe
• In US, Waymo has begun charging • In Finland, Gacha plans to undergo

passengers for ride in its autonomous trials in three cities, with a goal of
vehicles having commercial fleet in 2020
• General Motors and Drive.ai plan to • UK plans to commercialize
deploy commercial shuttles in 2019 autonomous vehicles by 2021
• May Mobility plans to announce its first • UK’s market t of connected and
commercial project in autonomous autonomous vehicles is expected to
• Toronto plans to commercialize be worth $66bn by 2035, according
autonomous shuttles by 2020 to Jesse Norman, the minister for
the future of mobility
Key Trends
Asia
• SB Drive has tied up with Baidu in

Japan and plans to commercialize
autonomous shuttles after 2019 Middle East
• China - UISSE is working with
governments to deploy autonomous • Government of Dubai plans to have
vehicles 25% of its total trips to be
• In Singapore, Pioneer and MooVita autonomous by 2030
plan to initiate a trial of autonomous
bus with Pioneer’s 3D-Lidar sensor
and expect commercialization by 2020
ME59-18 78
Autonomous Shuttles—Pricing Models
Autonomous shuttle providers, by combining various pricing models can potentially reduce the end pricing
upto 70% compared to currently available shuttle services.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Autonomous Shuttle Pricing Models, Global, 2019
Autonomous Pricing models followed by shuttle providers

Shuttle Provider will vary based on operational workflow
B2C B2G2C B2B

Business is driven Business is driven by quality Business is driven
by profitability by profitability
Charging Customers Charging Businesses

Charging Government
Shuttle providers can charge the Generate revenue through
Shuttle providers will be dealing
customers for their commutes. partnering with other commercial
primarily with government
Considering multiple passengers entities in the ecosystem like
entities. Hence, the business will
per trip, the cost of operation can advertising agencies, municipal
be driven by quality.
be broken even by charging entities.
minimal price to the customers. Currently, the market is at a
nascent stage and government Autonomous shuttles will
can invest in the shuttle drastically reduce on-street
Free for customers companies to run pilots. parking and resultantly urban
congestion.
Shuttle providers, instead of However in the future,
charging customers, can government will have to buy This will allow urban planners,
generate revenue from other shuttle/ services from the shuttle municipal entities and
commercial entities like providers to employ services in businesses to use the new space
advertising agencies, urban the city. for more productive uses.
developers etc.
ME59-18 79
Expanding Demand—Benefits and Applications of Autonomous Shuttles
Autonomous shuttles are compact vehicles designed to facilitate daily commutes to public places, and
eliminate the connectivity problems experienced by commuters during their first and last mile transit.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Benefits of Autonomous Shuttles, Global, 2019
Alternative Transport
Potential Application Areas of autonomous shuttles

Environmental Advantage
Most automated shuttles are electric with zero
emissions Urban Areas
Airports
Services
Both scheduled and on-demand services are
possible Ride to Stations
Attractions
Operating Cost
Hospitals
Low operating cost compared to other public
transport systems, as drivers are not required
Zoos
Efficiency
Highly efficient operation as automated shuttles only Amusement Parks
operate when there is demand. Platooning to
increase frequency and capacity
Industries
Size
The design of the shuttles enable them to run inside
buildings such as airports, business parks, zoos, Campuses
recreational parks, malls, and other areas
ME59-18 80
Data Analytics—Leveraging Data as well as Providing User Insights
Data types take many formats and range from aggregated data to contextual data. They are use case-dependent
and are the primary nodes in the development of the optimal base that determines business model sustainability.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Data Analytics, Global, 2019
Data Type Definition
• Data about vehicle location, which may be described by degrees of longitude

and latitude or by a more identifiable place such as a city or a residence;
Location Data additional attributes could be offered, which could be nearby service stations and
restaurants
• Data about driving patterns, including speeding, braking, acceleration, engine

Driving Behaviour idling, revolutions per minute (RPM), fuel efficacy, and distance travelled
• Data to create HD 3D overlays for maps, including attributes such as lane

HD Mapping markers, guard rails, traffic, and other road furniture
• Data about vehicle usage, including total miles driven, fuel use, idle time, engine
Vehicle Usage statistics, and fault codes, in addition to routing information and service mileage
• Data about the external environment, mainly pertaining to road conditions (ice on
roads, for example) and local weather (temperature, wind speed, humidity, and rain
Environmental Data
pressure, among others)
ME59-18 81
Evolution of Autonomous Shuttles
Autonomous Shuttles will evolve from current scenario of low-speed and supervised operation to an
un-geofenced and un-supervised operation.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Evolution of Autonomous Shuttles, Global, 2019
• Currently, operate in a supervised and strictly geofenced area which allows the operators to
monitor the shuttles and take over in case of any failures/ crash. Future
Scenario
• The biggest challenge for companies developing self-driving vehicles is to prepare
them to make safe, split-second decisions in unfamiliar situations.
Un-supervised
• This has constrained shuttle operation within a limited Un-Geofenced
environment at low speeds and fixed routes eliminate
many challenges facing navigation tech.
Supervised
• In short term, these pilots will Un-Geofenced • In long term, these autonomous
be used to gather data, spur shuttles are expected to operate
economic development, and without any supervision on roads.
expose the public to the
technology. Un-supervised • This will allow the vehicles to create routes on-demand by
Geofenced parsing through passenger itineraries and saving energy,
time, space.
Current
Scenario • The shuttles, in future, will be equipped with greater safety redundancies and
sensors enabling better judgement of surrounding and quick actuation of safety
measures.
Supervised
Geofenced • Other challenges like first- and last-mile connectivity will be overcome, propelling more
business opportunities involving autonomous shuttles.
ME59-18 82
Robotaxi—Waymo Profile
Regulatory authorization and passenger acceptance will be key to scale up operations.
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Waymo Company Profile, Global, 2019
About Waymo
• Launched the company’s first commercial autonomous ride hailing service in Phoenix in December, 2018.
• Waymo vehicles have already undertaken 10 million miles of rides on public roads with an additional 7 billion miles in virtual
simulation.
• Pricing based on time and distance – comparable to normal ride hailing fares. Surge pricing to be levied.
Key Partnerships & Collaborations Product Offerings
• Jaguar will build up to 20,000 Autonomous Technology Autonomous Taxi

autonomous electric SUV taxis. Jaguar
I-Pace will be the second official vehicle
in Waymo’s robotaxi fleet Ride hailing Services Vehicle to Infrastructure
Technology
• Fiat will be rolling out 62,000
autonomous Chrysler Pacifica hybrid
minivans in robo-taxi fleet Autonomous Trucks
• Walmart partnership to offer discount for
Waymo’s customers who shop at
Walmart Target User Base
• Autonation and Avis Budget Group
Public Transit Cities
partnership to maintain, charge, refuel Car Owners
and service the cars Passengers
Industry
Ride hailing
Future Strategy – Fleet Expansion Partnerships
Waymo’s fleet to expand to include Go To Market Strategy Automotive OEMs
62,000 plug-in hybrid Chrysler Pacifica
and 20,000 electric Jaguar I-Pace SUVs
ME59-18 83
Growth Opportunities and Companies to Action
Return to contents
ME59-18 84
Growth Opportunity—Mobility Business Models
While there lies immense opportunity for shared mobility services with adoption of latest technologies and
differentiated business strategies, it is critical to identify underlying challenges for future sustenance.
Applicable Autonomous Connected Living

Mobility Services
Segments Technology Technology
Vision Transformation
Mega Trends Impact Context and Opportunity Call to Action
• Shared mobility market participants • As a shared mobility operator, it is

Disruptive Applications
are expanding their portfolios to imperative that companies actively look at
include new services such as financial partnering with stakeholders from other
Business Models industries such as BFS and insurance to
lending, vehicle leasing, insurance and
wealth management. leverage their expertise to lower costs and
Current Offerings generate new revenue streams.
• Technologies such as blockchain,
artificial intelligence, IoT and • For the companies to survive in the
Improved Capabilities market it is very important to invest more
autonomous systems will play a key
role in creating new benchmarks in the in the technology and partner with the
Value-add Services shared mobility ecosystem. OEMs, technology companies,
governments and transit operators to
• While emergence of Mobility-as-a- deploy autonomous shuttles in cities.
Vertical Integration Service offers greater opportunities for
partnerships with shared mobility • Companies working with a focus of future
Geographic Expansion services, it also brings a new set of MaaS platofrms will have to create
challenges for stakeholders with effective roadmaps with government and
Partnerships respect to payment integration, public transit agencies in respective cities
inclusion of public transit systems, to understand common and unique
user interest and policy frameworks. challenges that may exist.
Investment / M&A
ME59-18 85
Strategic Imperatives for Success and Growth
Rapid adoption of new technologies, and scale of operations will be key drivers to the success of future
mobility services.
Last mile connectivity plays a major role in the shared mobility ecosystem while the mettle
of rapidly growing market models such as shared e-scooter services will be tested making
it imperative for shared mobility operators assess both short term and long term feasibility
prior to investment.
Industry consolidation and partnerships have been on the rise creating greater barriers for
market entry while the market converges towards MaaS business models. Cross-industry
Critical collaboration for connected technologies, integrated payment capabilities, shared mobility
Success insurance and financial services will also prove to be critical for future success.
Factors
OEMs will benefit from business models like vehicle subscription services, DRT, ridehailing
and carsharing – creating opportunities for data monetization while leveraging their
investments and partnerships for development of autonomous and emission-free vehicle
technologies which can cater to the booming shared mobility industry.
Shared mobility business models are evolving further with prime focus towards developing
an integrated and connected user-centric ecosystem thereby aiming to offer unified multi-
modal mobility services and highly personalized user experiences.
ME59-18 86
Conclusions and Future Outlook
Return to contents
ME59-18 87
Key Conclusions and Future Outlook
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Key Conclusions and Future Outlook, Global, 2019
Carsharing • Growth in demand for corporate carsharing expected in the near future, with increasing participation
from the OEM’s and technology companies.
• Carsharing fleet will include more electric vehicles while OEMs will offer more emission-free vehicles
through partnerships with carsharing and P2P carsharing services.
Ridesharing • Emerging markets will witness greater demand for ridesharing services and more companies are
entering the market to offer short-distance and long-distance rideshare trips.
• Ridesharing services for corporates will witness increased growth with more organizations
encouraging employees to share rides through a defined ecosystem.
eHailing • eHailing companies will offer greater personalization of services and flexibility of travel with more
intelligent and suggestive app platforms for users while apps will also feature other mobility modes
such as last mile connectivity and public transit options.
• eHailing companies will also aim to become more profitable with entry into BFS offerings.
DRT • DRT market will witness huge growth in demand with more intelligent and dynamic schedules and
route plans while operators also partner with more public transit authorities for integrated operations.
• Autonomous and electric shuttles will set a new benchmark in driverless short-distance travel while
cities will be seen investing to develop the right framework and infrastructure for real-time operations.
Bikesharing • While bikesharing services have expanded over the years, more bikesharing programs are expected
to offer a good mix of pedal and electric bikes while operators will also further expand services to
other markets.
• E-scooter growth will take the European market by storm in 2019, however its continued success will
depend on the right business model framework and operational strategy.
Integrated Mobility • MaaS solutions will attract high investments while most shared mobility players will increasingly try to
integrate multiple shared mobility services including public transit, parking, payments for unified
application while creating new opportunities for local governments with open real-time data and
analytics to manage city infrastructure and traffic flow.
ME59-18 88
The Last Word—3 Big Predictions
• Spurt in the growth of the e-scooter market with more than 5 new player entering the
1 market in 2018. Fundings of more than $4 Bn in the last two years with valuations for
players expected to touch unicorn figures
• The revenue to the MaaS operators is expected to increase aggressively to $1 Bn in

2 2019. Globally there are more than 20 MaaS players and this is expected to increase
in 2019
• Governments across developed cities are building testing infrastructure and piloting
3 autonomous shuttles to evaluate viability and user experience. More than 10-15 cities
can be expected to autonomous shuttle trials on public roads in 2019
ME59-18 89
Legal Disclaimer
Frost & Sullivan is not responsible for any incorrect information supplied to us by
manufacturers or users. Quantitative market information is based primarily on interviews and
therefore is subject to fluctuation. Frost & Sullivan research services are limited publications
containing valuable market information provided to a select group of customers. Our
customers acknowledge, when ordering or downloading, that Frost & Sullivan research
services are for customers’ internal use and not for general publication or disclosure to third
parties. No part of this research service may be given, lent, resold or disclosed to
noncustomers without written permission. Furthermore, no part may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of the publisher.
For information regarding permission, write to:

Frost & Sullivan
3211 Scott Blvd., Suite 203
Santa Clara, CA 95054
© 2019 Frost & Sullivan. All rights reserved. This document contains highly confidential information and is the sole property of Frost & Sullivan.
No part of it may be circulated, quoted, copied or otherwise reproduced without the written approval of Frost & Sullivan.
ME59-18 90
Appendix
Return to contents
ME59-18 91
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used
B2B Business-to-Business
B2C Business-to-Consumer
CSO Carsharing Operator
EV Electric Vehicle
ICE Internal Combustion Engine
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
PHV Private Hire Vehicle
P2P Peer-to-Peer
TNC Transportation Network Company
DRT Demand Responsive Transit
MaaS Mobility-as-a-Service
CaaS Car-a-as-Service
LADOT Los Angeles Department of Transportation
SEPTA Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority
ME59-18 92
Market Engineering Methodology
One of Frost & Sullivan’s core deliverables is

its Market Engineering studies. They are
based on our proprietary Market Engineering
Methodology. This approach, developed
across the 50 years of experience assessing
global markets, applies engineering rigor to
the often nebulous art of market forecasting
and interpretation.
A detailed description of the methodology can

be found here.
ME59-18 93
List of Exhibits
Exhibit Slide Number

Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Fleet Size and Revenue, Global, 2018-2019 11
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Key Trends, Global, 2019 13
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Year of IPOs, Global, 2019 15
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Mobility-as-a-Service Offerings will Take Centre-stage,
16
Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Increasing Partnerships for Autonomous Shuttle and
17
Robotaxi Pilots, Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Spurt in Growth of e-scooters, Global, 2019 18
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Flying Taxis Uptake, Global, 2019 19
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Rise of Mobility Subscription Services by OEMs,
20
Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Blockchain in New Mobility, Global, 2019 21
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Shared Mobility Operators Move into Financial
22
Services, Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Enterprise Ridesharing Services to Grow, Global, 2019 23
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Tailored Solutions by Ridehailing and Ridesharing
24
Operators, Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Autonomous Shared Mobiltiy, Global, 2019 25
ME59-18 94
List of Exhibits (continued)

Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Shared Mobility
26
Value Chain, Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019 33
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Market – Overview, Global,
34
2018-2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Traditional Carsharing Highlights and Outlook, Global,
35
2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019 36
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Market Overview, Global, 2018-2019 37
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: P2P Carsharing Highlights and Outlook, Global, 2019 38
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Corporate Carsharing Definition, Global, 2019 39
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Corporate Carsharing Market Size, Global, 2018-2019 40
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Carsharing Outlook, Global, 2019 41
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Market Definition, Europe and North
43
America, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Market Size, Europe and North America,
44
2018–2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Key Highlights and Outlook, Europe and
45
North America, 2018
ME59-18 95
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Ridesharing Outlook, Europe and North America, 2019 46
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Definition, Global, 2019 48
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Enhanced User Experience, Global, 2019 49
Mobility Outlook: eHailing Connected Vehicles, Global, 2018–2019 50
Mobility Outlook: eHailing Market Revenue, Global, 2018-2019 50
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Definition, Global, 2019 50
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Market Highlights and Outlook, Global, 2018 51
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: eHailing Outlook, Global, 2019 53
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: DRT Market – Overview, Global, 2019 56
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Demand Responsive Transit Highlights and Outlook,
57
Global, 2018
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Demand Responsive Transit Outlook, Global, 2019 58
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Bikesharing Market Definition, Global, 2019 60
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Micro-mobility Revolution Highlights, Global, 2018 61
ME59-18 96
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Bike Sharing – Outlook, Global, 2019 62
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Definition, Global, 2019 64
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: System Segmentation, Global, 2019 65
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: System Segmentation, Global, 2019 66
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Competitive Benchmarking of Mobility-as-a-Service

67
Market, Global, 2019
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Overview, Global, 2019 68
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Here Mobility, Global, 2019 69
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Trafi, Global, 2019 70
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Uber in MaaS, Global, 2019 71
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Overview of Lyft, Global, 2019 72
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Highlights, Global, 2018 73
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: MaaS Market Outlook, Global, 2019 74
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Value Chain and Business Models for Autonomous
76
Shuttles, Europe and North America, 2019
ME59-18 97
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Initiatives Around the Globe, Global, 2019 77
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Snapshot of Key Markets, Global, 2019 78
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Autonomous Shuttle Pricing Models, Global, 2019 79
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Benefits of Autonomous Shuttles, Global, 2019 80
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Data Analytics, Global, 2019 81
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Evolution of Autonomous Shuttles, Global, 2019 82
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Waymo Company Profile, Global, 2019 83
Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook: Key Conclusions and Future Outlook, Global, 2019 88
ME59-18 98

Me59 01 00 00 00

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Me59 01 00 00 00

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

2018 Mobility Outlook

Global Shared and Autonomous Mobility Industry Outlook, 2019

Global Automotive and Transportation Research Team at Frost & Sullivan

Section Slide Number

Section Slide Number

Section Slide Number

Section Slide Number

Section Slide Number

Section Slide Number

Source: Frost & Sullivan

• The revenue to the MaaS operators is expected to increase aggressively to $1 Bn in 2019.

Source: Frost & Sullivan

Fleet Size Growth Rate Revenue

Spurt in Growth of Year of Flying Taxis Rise of Mobility Mobility-as-a-Service

Blockchain in Shared Mobility Enterprise Increasing Tailored Solutions

Shared Mobility Giants Planning for IPO in 2019

Valuations in $Billion • Uber’s annual revenues are estimated

Source: Frost & Sullivan

Multi-modal platforms being

White label solutions being offered

Market to witness significant boost in

Analytics and application of big data

Government bodies to introduce new

Source: Frost & Sullivan

Transdev Torc Robotics

Acquired for $400 Mn

BMW Intel Mobileye

Acquired by Meituan Dianping - $2.7

6500 lbs 6 ducted fans

• Audi, Airbus and Italdesign have developed

Flat rate monthly fee Vehicle prices from

Source: Frost & Sullivan

Crypto-Assets MOBI Initiative – 80+ Members

New dimensions for value

Didi’s Services Didi invested a whopping $1

• Benefits Grab’s consumers, micro entrepreneurs and small

Liftshare United Kingdom

The Rideshare Company United States Greater flexibility

Ridehailing for Ridehailing Ehailing services for

Launching a driverless taxi Raises $22 million to deploy

• Canada: Navya and keolis launched a 12 month autonomous

Fleet Technology Fleet Roadside Accident

Disruptive Will Not Exist

Source: Frost & Sullivan

Base Year 2018

Study Period 2018 and 2019

Forecast Year 2019

Traditional carsharing, P2P carsharing, Corporate Carsharing, eHailing, demand

Geographic Scope* Global

• Future trends in the shared mobility business models ?

• Overview of Autonomous shuttle and Taxi market ?

Source: Frost & Sullivan

• M9D5-18: Car Sharing End-user Analysis in Selected European Cities

• M8AD-18: Competitive Benchmarking and Comparative Analysis of the Mobility

• MA3C-01: 2014 Outlook of the Global Automotive Industry

• M8D3-18: Future of New Car e-Retailing in the Automotive Industry

The study is also supplemented by ongoing interactions with vehicle manufacturers,

Mobility Outlook: Key Participants, Global, 2019

Moovel E-Car Club

iCabbi Local Motors

Source: Frost & Sullivan

One-way Free Station

• Flexible, very short to short time rental of a vehicle,