QUESTION B ANK X P HYSICS

By: Meer Umar

Human Eye and The Colorful World

1. In a human eye, name the following parts:

(a) a thin membrane which allows light to enter the eye.
(b) the muscles which help in changing the focal length of eye lens.
2. Name the part of our eyes that helps us to focus near and distant objects in quick
succession.
3. In which direction, the near point of hypermetropic eye is shifted from the
normal near point?
4. Name the part responsible for the power of accommodation of the human eye.
Or
Name the component of eye that is responsible for the adjustment of eyelens?
5. A person suffering from an eye defect uses lenses of power 1D. Name the defect
he is suffering from and the nature of lens used.
6. What is the nature of eye lens of human eye and that of the image formed at the
retina of the eye by it?
7. Mention the role of optic nerve in the human eye.
8. Where do we see (i) concave and (ii) convex lens in bifocal lenses?
9. A person is able to see objects clearly only when these are lying at distances
between 50 cm and 300 cm from his eyes. Name the kind of defects of vision he
is suffering from?
10. Which component of white light is least scattered by fog or smoke?
11. Do all transparent bodies disperse light? Why?
12. Give an example in nature which shows that sunlight may be made of different
colours.
13. Name the phenomena due to which we get light from the sun before sunrise.
14. Which phenomenon is responsible for making the path of light visible?
15. What is Tyndall effect?
16. Give an example of a phenomenon where Tyndall effect can be observed.
17. What is meant by least distance of distinct vision? How does this vary between
the very young and old people?
18. The limitation of an eye is that the distance from the eye lens to where the image
formed is always the same. How is then it possible for the eye to form focussed
images from the objects that are located at varying distances from the eye?
19. Why does it take some time to see the objects in dim light when you enter the
room from bright sunlight outside?
20. Why are we not able to see the things clearly when we come out of a darkroom?
21. In which of the following two cases the focal length of the eye lens will be more–
(a) When ciliary muscles of a normal eye is most relaxed.
(b) When ciliary muscles of a normal eye is in most contracted state.
22. Explain with reason.
 i. Which part of the eye has delicate membrane and containing large number
of light sensitive cells?
ii. A person is advised to wear spectacles with convex lenses. What type of
defect of vision is he suffering from?
23. Name the defect of vision due to
(i) Power of the eye is too long.
(ii) Focal length of the eye lens is too long.
24. A student sitting at the back bench in a class, is not able to see what is written on
the blackboard. He, however, sees it clearly when sitting on the front seat at an
approximate distance of 1.5 m from the blackboard. Draw ray diagrams to
illustrate the image formation of the blackboard when he is seated at the (i) back
seat (ii) front seat.
25. The near point of a hypermetropic eye is 50 cm. What is the nature and power of
the lens required to enable him to read a book placed at 25 cm from the eye?
26. When a person said to have developed cataract? How is the vision of such a
person restored?
27. We see advertisement for eye donation on television or in newspaper. Write the
importance of such advertisements.
28. Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of light through a glass prism.
Mark on it (a) the incident ray, (b) the emergent ray and (c) the angle of
deviation.
29. Give reasons:
(i) The extent of deviation of a ray of light on passing through a glass prism
depends on its colour.
(ii) Lights of red colour are used for danger signals.
30. A glass prism is able to produce a spectrum when white light passes through it
but a glass slab does not produce any spectrum. Explain why is it so?
31. If the earth has no atmosphere, what change would be observed in the length of
day? Give reason.
32. No rainbow could be observed from the surface of the moon by the astronauts.
What could be the possible reason?
33. Why do we observe random wavering or flicking of the objects near a fire or on
a very hot day?
34. (a) What is meant by scattering of light?
(b) State the factors on which the colour of scattered light perceived by us
depends.
35. What is meant by the term ‘power of accommodation’ of human eye? How does it
help a person to see nearby as well as distant objects clearly?
Or
What is power of accommodation? How ciliary muscles help in accommodation?
36. (a) What are the values of (i) near point and (ii) far point of vision of a normal
adult person?
(b) A student has difficulty in reading the blackboard while sitting in the last row.
What could be his defect of vision? Draw a ray diagram to illustrate this defect of
vision.
37. Explain why?
(a) A myopic person prefer to remove his spectacles while reading a book.
(b) A hypermetropic person prefer to remove his spectacles while looking at the
sky.
38. (a) Name the defects of vision when a person cannot see clearly:
(i) the nearby objects (ii) the distant objects
(b) A person suffering from a defect of vision uses a corrective lens of power –
2D. Find the nature and focal length of the corrective lens.
(c) Why does power of eye to see clearly nearby as well as far off object
diminishing with age? Name the defects that are likely to arise in eye in such a
condition.
39. The near point of a hypermetropic person is 75 cm from the eye. What is the
power of the lens required to enable him to read clearly a book held at 25 cm
from the eye?
40. If the person, in the previous problem, uses spectacles of power + 1.0 dioptre,
what is the nearest distance of distinct vision for him?
41. You are given three lenses namely, bifocal lens, convex lens and concave lens.
Which lens would you prefer to correct the myopia, hypermetropia, and
presbyopia respectively?
42. A narrow beam PQ of white light is passing through a glass prism ABC . Draw the
diagram on your answer sheet and show the path of the emergent beam as
observed on the screen DE.
(i) Write the name and cause of the phenomenon observed.
(ii) Where else in nature is this phenomenon observed?
(iii) Based on this observation, state the conclusion which can be drawn about
the constituents of white light.
43. Define the term dispersion of white light. Name the colour of light which bends
(i) the most,
(ii) the least, while passing through a glass prism. Draw a ray diagram to justify
your answer.
44. Describe an activity to show that the colours of white light splitted by a glass
prism can be recombined to get white light by another identical glass prism. Also
draw ray diagram to show the recombination of the spectrum of white light.
45. What is a spectrum? How can we recombine the components of white light after
a glass prism has separated them? Illustrate it by drawing a diagram.
Or
When we place a glass prism in the path of a narrow beam of white light, a
spectrum is obtained. What happens when a second identical prism is placed in
an inverted position with respect to the first prism? Draw a labelled ray diagram
to illustrate it.
46. With the help of a labelled diagram, explain why the sun appears reddish at the
sunrise and the sunset.
47. Why does the sun appear reddish early in the morning? Will this phenomenon be
observed by an observer on the moon? Justify your answer with a reason.
Or
Why does sun appear reddish at sunrise? Give reason.
48. Explain giving reason why the sky appears blue to an observer from the surface
of the earth. What should the appearance of the sky be during the day for an
astronaut staying in the international space station orbiting the Earth? State
reason to justify your answer.
Or
 Explain giving reason why the sky appears blue to an observer from the surface
of the earth? What will the colour of the sky be for an astronaut staying in the
international space station orbiting the earth? Justify your answer giving reason.

49. Write the importance of ciliary muscles in the human eye. Name the defect of
vision that arises due to gradual weakening of the ciliary muscles in old age.
What types of lenses are required by the persons suffering from this defect to see
the objects clearly?
(b) Akshay, sitting in the last row in his class, could not see clearly the words
written on the blackboard. When the teacher noticed it, he announced if any
student sitting in the front row could volunteer to exchange his seat with Akshay.
Salman immediately agreed to exchange his seat with Akshay. He could now see
the words written on the blackboard clearly.
The teacher thought it fit to send the message to Akshay’s parents advising them
to get his eyesight checked.
In the context of the above event, answer the following questions:
(i) Which defect of vision is Akshay suffering from? Which type of lens is used to
correct this defect?
(ii) State the values displayed by the teacher and Salman.
(iii) In your opinion, in what way can Akshay express his gratitude towards the
teacher and Salman?
50. Write the function of each of the following parts of human eye: Cornea; iris;
crystalline lens; ciliary muscles.
(b) Millions of people of the developing countries of world are suffering from
corneal blindness. These persons can be cured by replacing the defective cornea
with the cornea of a donated eye. A charitable society of your city has organised a
campaign in your neighbourhood in order to create awareness about this fact. If
you are asked to participate in this mission how would you contribute in this
noble cause?
(i) State the objective of organising such campaigns.
(ii) List two arguments which you would give to motivate the people to donate
their eyes after death.
(iii) List two values which are developed in the persons who actively participate
and contribute in such programs.
51. (a) List three common refractive defects of vision. Suggest the way of correcting
these defects.
(b) About 45 lac people in the developing countries are suffering from corneal
blindness. About 30 lac children below the age of 12 years suffering from this
defect can be cured by replacing the defective cornea with the cornea of a
donated eye. How and why can students of your age involve themselves to create
awareness about this fact among people?
52. What is myopia? List two causes for the development of this defect. How can this
defect be corrected using a lens? Draw ray diagrams to show the image
formation in case of (i) defective eye and (ii) corrected eye.
Or
A student is unable to see clearly the words written on the blackboard placed at a
distance of approximately 4 m from him. Name the defect of vision the boy is
suffering from. Explain the method of correcting this defect. Draw ray diagram
 for the:
(i) defect of vision and also (ii) for its correction.
Or
What is myopia? State the two causes of myopia. With the help of a labelled ray
diagram show
(a) eye defect (b) correction of myopia.
53. What is hypermetropia? List two causes for the development of this defect.
Explain the method of correcting this defect with the help of ray diagrams.
Or
What is hypermetropia? State two causes. With the help of ray diagram show (a)
eye defect (b) correction of hypermetropia.
54. An old person finds it difficult to see nearby objects comfortably and distinctly
without corrective eye glasses.
(a) What defect of vision is he suffering from? What is it?
(b) List two causes for the development of this defect.
(c) What kind of lens will be required to see clearly the nearby as well as distant
objects? Give reasons.
(d) How is the eye defect of old person differing from near-sightedness and far-
sightedness?
55. (a) Explain the following terms used in relation to defects in vision and
correction provided by them:
(i) Myopia (ii) Bifocal lenses (iii) Far-sightedness.
(b) Why is the normal eye unable to focus on an object placed within 10 cm from
the eye?
56. Instruction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions given
below it.
You are given that the diameter of the eyeball is about 2.3 cm and a normal eye
can adjust the focal length of its eye lens to see objects situated anywhere from
25 cm to an infinite distance away from it.
(a) What is the power of the (normal) eye lens, when ciliary muscles are fully
relaxed?
(b) What is the power of the (normal) eye lens, when ciliary muscles are in their
maximum contract position?
(c) The maximum variation in the power of the eye lens, when it adjust itself,
from the normal relaxed position to the position where the eye can see the
nearby object clearly?
57. (a) What is dispersion of white light? State its cause.
(b) “Rainbow is an example of dispersion of sunlight.” Justify this statement by
explaining, with the help of a labelled diagram, the formation of a rainbow in the
sky. List two essential conditions for observing a rainbow.
58. What is atmospheric refraction? Use this phenomenon to explain the following
natural events.
(a) Twinkling of stars
(b) Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset.
Draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.
59. (i) Draw a figure which shows the arrangement for observing the phenomenon
of scattering of light in the laboratory.
(ii) What colours would you observe in the experiment? Why?
60. Sania and Shreya are best friends and study in grade 4. Recently, Sania has been
facing difficulty in reading the blackboard text from the last desk. Shreya is little
uncomfortable and wonders why Sania avoids sitting on the last desk. On
observation she found that Sania often carries junk food in her lunch. Shreya has
started sharing her lunch which is full of green vegetables and fruits with her.
Sania is now better and has also started taking a balanced diet.
(a) Name the eye defect Sania is suffering from.
(b) What are the two possible deformities related to her eye defect?
(c) What values are shown by Shreya and Sania?
61. In a beautiful valley, there was a village. Trains passed from the village, the
whistle and the sound of train mixed with the sound of waterfall appears very
pleasant to everyone. Children of that village love to play near the railway track.
One very light foggy day, a group of children found that a fish plate is missing
from the track. Knowing this, all the villagers were tense. Aditya, one of the
children suddenly put his ear to the line and tries to know whether a train is
coming or not and he knew that a train is coming. He asked his friends to inform
the railway cabin crew and he himself put off his red shirt and started running
towards the train, waving his red shirt. Timely, the driver and cabin man got the
information and a major accident hadn’t taken place.
(a) Name the two physical phenomena of science used by Aditya.
(b) Why did Aditya use a red shirt instead of the other colours?
(c) What moral values were shown by Aditya?
62. Four friends went to a picnic. The weather was pleasant. They played various
games and then had snacks. Suddenly, Shyam, one of them, noticed seven colours
in the sky. He said to others, “Wow, what a rainbow!” Then Ram, one of them,
asked him “What is Rainbow”? He then explained to all about its formation. After
that everyone in the group thanked him for the knowledge, he had given to them.
(a) If you were in the place of Shyam, how you would have explained such a
natural phenomenon?
(b) Which device can be used to obtain such a phenomenon?
(c) If Shyam was facing the rainbow, then where was the Sun?
(d) What are the moral values shown by Shyam ?
63. Two children went to the park with their grandfather. On reaching the park, the
children joined others to play, while their grandfather after taking 3 rounds of
the park, sat on the chair, took out newspaper from his bag and began to read
with the help of his spectacle. After sometime, he realised that was too long to
see the children, he looked around, but though he has worn spectacle, he couldn’t
see anything. He then realised that he had forgotten his other spectacle, which he
used to see the faraway places, were left at home. He began calling them by their
names, but due to the large distance, his voice was not reaching the children.
Another man sitting beside him realised the problem and helped him to reach
the children.
(a) Name the eye defect with which the grandfather was suffering from?
(b) Which type of spectacles should he wear, so as to avoid calling the other?
(c) Explain the cause of disease.
(d) What are the values shown by man, sitting next to the grandfather?