INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, KHARAGPUR

Date_-c--___.FN/AN, Time: 3 Hrs., Full Marks _50_, Deptt. ___Mathematics

No. of Students _81_, End Autumn Semester Examination 2012-13 _ _ _- -
Sub. No. MA41007 Sub. Name _Functional Analysis_4th_ Yr. Integ.
M.Sc./ 1st yr. M.Sc.(2Yr.) & 3rd Yr. CS (Elective).

Instruction : Attempt any FIVE Questions

1(a) Discuss the cannonical mapping (embedding) of a vector space X into its 2nd algebraic
dual.

(b) Let X be an n -dimensional vector space with {eP e2 , ••• , en} as basis. Find its algebraic dual
basis {J;, J;, ... , /,} and show that dim x· = dim X, where x• denote algebraic dual of X .

(c) Prove that a finite dimensional vector space is algebraically reflexive.

2(a) Prove that the dual space of 11 is !"".

(b) If X is a normed space and dim X = oo , show that the dual space X' is not identical with
its algebraic dual x· .

(c) Determine the null space ofthe operator T : R 3 -) R 2 represented by [

1
-2
31 02] .
3(a) l' C[a,b] an Hilbert space? Justify your answer.
(b) Show that every subset of a separable inner product space is separable.

(c) Let X be an IPS and Y -:~; ¢ be a complete subspace of X and x E X fixed. Then prove that
the vector x- y is orthogonal to Y, where y E Y .

4(a) State and prove Bessel's inequality (in case ofiPS)

(b) Let (ek) be an orthogonal sequence in an IPS X. Show that for any x,yE X,

iJ(x,ek )(y,ek )j =:; llxiiiiYII

k=l
(c) Define the Hilbert Adjoint operator r· of a bounded linear operator T: HI~ H2 where
H 1, H 2 are Hilbert spaces . Prove that r* exists, unique & llr*ll = IITII·
5(a) Prove that : Let HI' H 2 be Hilbert spaces and h: H 1 x H 2 ~ K be a bounded
sequilinear form. Then h has a representation h(x, y) = (Sx, y) where is S : H 1 ~ H 2 is a
bounded linear operator, Sis uniquely determined by h and has norm IISII = llhll·
(b) LetT : en ~ en be a linear operator. A basis of en is given. Let T is represented by
means of a square matrix A of order n. Find the matrix representation ofHilbert adjoint
operator T* in terms of matrix A .

(c) Show that if T: H ~His abounded self adjoint linear operator, so is Tn , where n is a
positive integer.

6(a) State Uniform Boundedness Theorem. Using this theorem, prove that the normed space
X of all polynomials with norm defined by , = max 1 llxll Ia I , (
a 0 , ap ... the coefficients of
J

x ) is not a complete normed space.

{b) Show that T = R 2 ~ R defined by (; 1, ; 2) ~ ; 1 is open. Is the mapping R ~ R given by

2 2

(;1,;2) ~ (;1,0)an open mapping?

dx
(c) Let X= e[O, 1] and T = D(T) ~X such that Tx(t) = - . Is T closed ? bounded? where
dt
D(T) denote the subspace of functions x EX which has continuous derivatives.