WASTE CHEMICAL DISPOSAL REPORT

Prepared to:

SGS LABORATORY

Submitted by
Industrial Solutions Lanka (Pvt.) Ltd. (ISL)
123/8, Singhe Mawatha, Dambulla Road, Kurunegala
T : 037 7395390 F : 037 2052707 E : info@isl.lk URL : www.isl.lk
Recovery or Disposal of Wastewater generate from laboratory.

Detail of the Chemical is disposed in the wastewater.

Pack
Name Of the Chemical Size Quantity
1 Nitric acid 2.5L 15
2 Acetone 2.5L 21
3 Petroleum ether 2.5L 33
4 Diethyl ether 2.5L 17
5 Methanol 2.5L 29
6 Sodium hydroxide 500g 35
7 Tetrahydrofuran 2.5L 20
8 Hexane 2.5L 18
9 Sodium sulphate (anhydrous) 500g 16 Strong Acids
10 Ethanol 5L 20 Strong Bases
11 Acetonitrile 2.5L 26 Harmful - organics
12 Sulphuric acid 2.5L 9 Moderate - Organics
13 Barium chloride dihydrate 500g 5 Toxic
14 Hydrochloric acid 2.5L 9 Moderate - salts
15 Potassium sulphate 500g 4
16 Toluene (repacked) 4L 14
17 Dichloromethane 2.5L 3
18 Silver nitrate 25g 6
19 Hydrogen peroxide Solution 500mL 3
20 Sodium chloride 500g 40
For the neutralizing purpose using HDPE tank is necessary.

No. Chemical Method to Neutralize the chemical

Strong acid
1. Caution: Nitric acid mixed with organic compounds, reducing
agents and metals can cause an explosion.

To Neutralize: Nitric acid must be diluted with water.

Caution: Diluting concentrated acids is very exothermic.

Then slowly add sodium bicarbonate or magnesium hydroxide

Nitric acid powder to the liquid waste. If the neutralization reaction
causes excess foaming that approaches the top of the primary
container, temporarily stop or slow the addition of the
neutralizing agent.
NaHCO₃ + HNO₃ → NaNO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
OR
Using ‘NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer’ is much effective.
For Nitric Acid (71%) 1.5L of NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer is
enough and NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer liquid adsorption
is limited to 0.5 L/3.2 kg.
2. Sulphuric acid Caution: Diluting concentrated acids is very exothermic.

Slowly add sodium bicarbonate powder to the diluted

Sulphuric acid. If the neutralization reaction causes excess
foaming that approaches the top of the primary container,
temporarily stop or slow the addition of the neutralizing agent.
2NaHCO3(aq)+H2SO4(aq)→Na2SO4(aq)+2CO2(g)+2H2O(l)
OR
Using ‘NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer’. For Sulphuric Acid
(98%) 0.7L of NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer is enough and
 NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer liquid adsorption is limited to
0.5 L/3.2 kg
3. Hydrochloric acid Caution: Diluting concentrated acids is very exothermic.

The pH neutralization of Hydrochloric acid is conventional and

any inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or lime can be
used.
One mole of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is required to
neutralize one mole of HCl.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H 2 O
Conversely one mole of lime as Ca (OH)2 will neutralize two
moles of HCl resulting in calcium chloride.
Ca (OH) 2 + 2HCl → CaCl 2 + 2H 2 O
Caution: High exothermic and heat will be released
OR
Using ‘NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer’ is much effective.
For Hydrochloric Acid (38%) 1.9L of NEUTRASORB® Acid
Neutralizer is enough and NEUTRASORB® Acid Neutralizer
liquid adsorption is limited to 0.5 L/3.2 kg.

All concentrated acids have to be diluted before neutralizing with chemicals (base or other
neutralizing chemicals). Diluting with water is highly exothermic reaction and huge volume of
water is required for dilution. C. Acid must be added to the water slowly and mix with water
to reduce accidents. The volume of wastewater generates from dilution and neutralization
will increase with the amount of acid to be neutralize.

To neutralize C. Acid (Liquid phase) Sodium Hydroxide can be used which is also generated
from the same laboratory but the amount of sodium Hydroxide is high. Comparison of acid
neutralization is shown below.
 Soda Ash
Magnesium
NaOH Lime (CaO) (Sodium
Hydroxide
Acid Carbonate)
Solution 50%- Solution 15%- Slurry 58%-
NaOH Solid - CaO Na2CO3 Mg(OH)2
HNO3 (per kg) 1 kg 0.7575 kg 1.315 kg 0.7257 kg
H2SO4 (per kg) 0.7394 kg 0.5625 kg 1 kg 0.5398 kg
HCl (per kg) 1 kg 0.7575 kg 1.3154 kg 0.7257kg
Heavy, Low
High Volume,
Volume, but easy High Volume, gel-
gel-like when Heavy, Low
Sludge Profile handling, even if like when heavy
heavy metals Volume
heavy metals metals present
present
present
Insoluble calcium Soluble
Soluble sodium Soluble sodium
Salts metal hydroxyl magnesium metal
salts salts
salts hydroxyl salts
TDS (total
High Low High High
dissolved solids)
Extremely fast- Moderately fast- Moderately fast-
Fairly slow-acting
acting to acting to acting to
Reaction Time to 95% complete
complete complete complete
neutralization
neutralization neutralization neutralization

Strong Bases
4. Sodium hydroxide Solid form
It can be used to neutralize C. Acids.

Organics - Harmful
5. Petroleum ether Caution: Highly flammable liquid and vapour and toxic

Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location, away from any

area where the fire hazard may be acute. Outside or detached
 storage is preferred. Separate from incompatibles. Containers
should be bonded and grounded for transfers to avoid static
sparks. Storage and use areas should be No Smoking areas. Use
non-sparking type tools and equipment, including explosion
proof ventilation. Isolate from incompatible substances.
Currently in Sri Lanka there are no proper method to dispose
harmful organic substance. Incineration can be used to depose
petroleum ether to that contact LafargeHolcim Sri Lanka.

OR

Use it as fuel for burners or evaporators.

6. Diethyl ether Can be used as a fuel to burners in industries which have
burners and evaporators.
7. Tetrahydrofuran Tetrahydrofuran is a waste chemical stream constituent which
may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled
incineration. In controlled waste containing peroxides,
perforation of a container of the waste form a safe distance is
followed by open burning. Can be used as a fuel to burners in
industries which have burners and evaporators.
8. Hexane Hexane may be disposed of by atomizing in a suitable
combustion chamber. Spray into the furnace. Incineration will
become easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent.
Recommendable methods: Incineration, open burning, use as
a boiler fuel, & evaporation.
9. Acetonitrile Acetonitrile is a waste chemical stream constituent which may
be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.
Oxides of nitrogen are removed from the effluent gas by
scrubbers and/or thermal devices.
10. Toluene (repacked) Toluene is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be
subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.
 Additional flammable solvent may be added to increase
incineration efficiency.
11. Dichloromethane Dichloromethane is a waste chemical stream constituent
which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled
incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible
fuel; care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to
prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is
necessary to remove the halo acids produced.
Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible
fuel; care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to
prevent the formation of phosgene; an acid scrubber is
necessary to remove the halo acids produced.
Recommendable method: Incineration.

Caution: carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem

destruction

Organics – Moderate
12. Acetone Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner
and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is
highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions
to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Incineration: Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become
easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent.
13. Methanol Incineration can be used and used it as fuel to burners and
evaporators.
14. Ethanol Incineration can be used and used it as fuel to burners and
evaporators.

Toxic
15. Silver nitrate Precipitation is the preferred treatment process for removing
toxic heavy metals from electroplating waters. Precipitation
processes include hydroxide, lime and/or sulfide treatment.
Chemical reduction is used to treat complex metals (silver).
Adsorption has shown potential for treating and polishing
aqueous metal bearing wastes. Activated carbon, activated
alumina, and iron filings are all applicable adsorbents.

Evaporation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis,

and electrolytic recovery are waste reduction and recovery
techniques applicable to metal bear. Afther that salts and
solids must be disposed properly.
16. Hydrogen peroxide Dilute and drain with abundant water.
Solution Recommended method: Discharge to sewer
Not recommendable methods: Evaporation & oxidation.

Caution: potentially explosive. Strong oxidizing agent. Handle

in new glass or polished clean aluminum. Avoid inhalation.
Highly unstable material

Moderate - salts
17. Sodium sulphate Stored in ventilated area before disposed, contact a licensed
(anhydrous) professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
18. Barium chloride Stored in ventilated area before disposed, contact a licensed
dihydrate professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
19. Potassium sulphate Stored in ventilated area before disposed, contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
20. Sodium chloride Stored in ventilated area before disposed, contact a licensed
professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
The C. Acids and C. bases can be diluted and reutilized but they generate high amount of
wastewater with high TDS (Total Dissolve Solids) which can only dispose as solids by
concentrating the wastewater using RO (Reverse Osmosis) and evaporating the concentrated
wastewater using evaporators.

Organic substances (both harmful and moderates) can be used as fuels to the evaporators or
send to burners in other industries.

Solid waste (heavy metals and salts) generated from the process can only disposed through
licensed professional waste disposal personal.