A.

THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PHILIPPINES

1. De Leon v.
Esguerra (153
SCRA 602)
(1987)

2. Angara v.
Electoral
Commission (63
PHL 139) (1936)

B. CONCEPT OF THE STATE

1. Bacani v. Nacoco (100 PHL 468) (1956)
2. PVTA v. CIR (65 SCRA 416) (1975)
3. Govt. of Phil. Islands v. Monte de Piedad (35 PHL 728)
4. Co Kim Chan v. Valdez Tan Keh (75 PHL 113) (1945)
5. People v. Gozo (53 SCRA 476) (1973)
6. Laurel v. Misa (77 PHL 856) (1947)
7. Ruffy v. Chief of Staff (75 PHL 857) (1946)

People
8. Moya Lim Yao v. Comm. on Immigration (41 SCRA 292)
9. Po Xo Bi v. Rep. (GR 32398, January 27, 1992)

Territory
10. RA No. 3046, June 17, 1961
11. RA No. 5446, September 8, 1968
12. PD No. 1599, June 11, 1978
13. RA No. 9522 – New Phils. Baseline Law
14. Merlin M. Magallona et.al v. Ermita (August 16, 2011)

Government
15. Go Kim Chan v. Valdez Tan Keh
16. Lawyers League for a Better Phils. v. Aquino (May 22, 1986)
17. Villavicencio v. Lukban (39 PHL 778)

Sovereignty
18. Peralta v. Director of Prisons (75 PHL 285)
19. Ruffy v. Chief of Staff, supra
20. Reagan v. CIR (30 SCRA 968)
21. Prov. of North Cotabato v. The Govt. of the RP (October 14, 2008) – Associated State Doctrine

C. STATE IMMUNITY FROM SUIT

Basis: Constitutional and Jurisprudence
1. Republic v. Villasor (54 SCRA 83)
2. Lasco v. UNRENRE (241 SCRA 681)
3. SEAFDEC v. NLRC (241 SCRA 580)
4. Callado v. IRRI (244 SCRA 210)

Tests to determine if suit is against the state

5. Begoso v. PVA (32 SCRA 466)
6. Del Mar v. PVA (52 SCRA 340)
7. Veterans Manpower v. CA (214 SCRA 286)
Suits against Gov’t agencies
8. PNB v. CIR (81 SCRA 314)
9. SSS v. CA (120 SCRA 707)
10. Rayo v. CFI of Bulacan (110 SCRA 460)
11. Malong v. PNR (185 SCRA 63)
12. Disini v. Sandiganbayan, et.al. (June 22, 2010)
13. Dept. of Agriculture v. NLRC (227 SCRA 693)

Suits against Public officers

14. VMPSI v. CA (214 SCRA 286)
15. Larkins v. NLRC (241 SCRA 598)
16. Shauf v. CA (191 SCRA 793)
17. Republic v. Hon. Edilberto Sandoval (220 SCRA 124)

Consent to be sued
Express Consent
18. CA 327 as amended by PD 1445
19. Act No. 3083
20. Article IX, 1987 Constitution
21. Art. 2180, Civil Code of the Philippines
22. Dept. of Agriculture v. NLRC (227 SCRA 693)
23. Merrit v. Gov’t. of the Phil. Islands (34 PHL 311)
24. Republic v. Purisima (78 SCRA 470)

Implied Consent
25. US v. Ruiz (136 SCRA 487)
26. Malong v. PNR (138 SCRA 63)
27. DOH v. Phil. Pharmawealth Inc. (Feb. 20, 2013)
28. JUSMAG Phil. v. NLRC (239 SCRA 224)
29. Santiago v. Republic (87 SCRA 284)
30. Froilan v. Oriental Pan Shipping (September 30, 1950)

Scope of Consent
31. Rizal Commercial Bank v. De Castro (168 SCRA 49)
32. Mun. of San Miguel, Bulacan v. Fernandez (130 SCRA 556)
33. Mun. of Makati v. CA (190 SCRA 206)
34. NIA v. CA (214 SCRA 35)
D. STATE PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES
Section 1
Villavicencio v.
Lukban, supra

Section 2
2. Kuroda v.
Jalandoni (83
PHL 171) (1949)
3. Agustin v.
Edu (88 SCRA
195) (1997)
4. Ichong v.
Hernandez (101
PHL 115) (1957)
5. Gonzales v.
Hechanova (9
SCRA 230)
(1963)
6. In Re: Garcia
(2 SCRA 984)
(1961)

Section 4
7. People v.
Lagman (66
PHL 13) (1938)

Section 6
8. Aglipay v.
Ruiz (64 PHL
201) (1937)

Section 10 & 11- relate to Article XIII

9. Calalang v.
Williams (70
PHL 726) (1940)

10. Almeda v.
CA (78 SCRA
194) (1977)

11. Ondoy v.
Ignacio (97
SCRA 611)
(1980)

12. Salonga v.
Farrales (165
SCRA 359)
(1981)
Section 12- relate to Art. XV & sec. 13- relate to XIV, sec. 19
13. Meyer v.
Nebraska (262
US 390)

14. Pierce v.
Society of
Sisters (268 US
510) (1925)
15. People v.
Ritter (194
SCRA 690)

16. Dept. of
Education v.
San Diego (180
SCRA 533)
17. Virtuoso v.
Mun. Judge (82
SCRA 191)

Section 16
18. Oposa v.
Factoran (224
SCRA 792)
(1993)
19. LLDA v. CA
(231 SCRA 292)
(1994)

Section 19
20. Garcia v.
Board of
Investments
(191 SCRA 288)
(1990)
Section 21
21. Assoc. of
Small
Landowners v.
DAR (175 SCRA
343) (1989)
Section 22
22. The City
Gov’t. of
Baguio City v.
Atty. Masweng
(Feb. 4, 2009)
Section 25
23. Basco v.
PAGCOR (197
SCRA 52)
(1991)
24. Limbonas v.
Mangelin (170
SCRA 786)
(1989)
Section 28
25. Legaspi v.
CSC (150 SCRA
530) (1987)

26. Valmonte v.
De Villa (170
SCRA 256)
(1989)
27. Aquino-
Sarmiento v.
Morato (203
SCRA 515)
(1991)
28. Province of
North Cotabato
v. Gov’t. of the
RP Peace Panel
(October 18,
2008)
E. SEPARATION OF POWERS
1. In re:
Manzano (166
SCRA 246)
(1988)
2. Angara v.
Electoral
Commission
(63 PHL 139)
3. Eastern
Shipping Lines
v. POEA (166
SCRA 533)
4. Casibang v.
Aquino (92
SCRA 642)

5. Belgica et.al.
v. Ochoa et.al.
(November 19,
2013)
6. Sanidad v.
COMELEC (73
SCRA 333)

7. Daza v.
Singson (180
SCRA 496)
8. ABAKADA
Guro v.
Purisima
(August 14,
2008)
F. DELEGATION OF POWER
1. Garcia v.
Executive
Secretary (211
SCRA 219)
2. People v.
Vera (65 PHL
112-115)

3. Eastern
Shipping Lines
v. POEA, supra

4. Ynot v. IAC
(148 SCRA 659)

5. Tablarin v.
Gutierrez (152
SCRA 730)

6. Belgica, et.al,
v. Ochoa, et.al,
(November 19,
2013)
7. Pacific
Stream
Laundry v.
Laguna Lake
Dev’t. Authority
(Dec. 18, 2009)
G. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT (Article VI)
Section 1
1. RA No. 6735
(System of
Initiative and
Referendum)
Section 5
2. RA No. 7941
(Party List
System)

3. Tobias v.
Abalos (239
SCRA 106)
4. Veterans
Federation
Party v.
COMELEC
(October 6,
2000)
5. Ang Bagong
Bayani- OFW
Labor Party v.
COMELEC
(June 26, 2001)
6. BANAT v.
COMELEC (GR
No. 179271,
April 21, 2009)
7. Sen. Benigno
Aquino v.
COMELEC
(April 7, 2010)
8. Sema v.
COMELEC
(July 16, 2008)

9. COMELEC en
banc. v. AKB
et. al. (April 2,
2013)
Section 6
10. Romualdez-
Marcos v.
COMELEC (248
SCRA 300)
11. Aquino v.
COMELEC (248
SCRA 400)

12. Co v. HRET
(199 SCRA 692)

Section 7
13. Dimaporo v.
Mitra (202
SCRA 779)

Section 11
14. Jimenez v.
Cabangbang
(17 SCRA 876)

15. People v.
Jalosjos (324
SCRA 689)
16. Antero
Pobre v.
Defensor-
Santiago
(August 25,
2009)
Section 13
17. Bengzon v.
Drilon (208
SCRA 133, 143-
145)
Section 14
18. Puyat v. De
Guzman (113
SCRA 31)

Section 16
19. Santiago v.
Guingona (298
SCRA 756)

20. Osmena v.
Pendatun,
supra

21. Paredes v.
Sandiganbayan
(January 28,
1997)
22. US v. Pons
(34 PHIL 729)

23. Casco
Philippine
Chemical Co. v
Gimenez (7
SCRA 347)
24. Arroyo v.
De Venecia
(277 SCRA 268)

Section 17
25. Lazatin v.
HRET (168
SCRA 391)

26. Bondoc v.
Pineda (201
SCRA 792)
27. Chavez v.
COMELEC (211
SCRA 315)

28. Pimentel v.
HRET (393
SCRA 227)

29. Palparan,
Jr. v. HRET
(February 11,
2010)
30. Bello v.
COMELEC
(December 7,
2010)
Section 18
31. Daza v.
Singson (180
SCRA 496)

32. Coseteng v.
Mitra (187
SCRA 377)

33. Guingona v.
Gonzales (214
SCRA 789) (MR
219 SCRA 326)
Section 19
34. Tanada v.
COMELEC et. al
(October 22,
2013)
Section 21 & 22
35. Bengzon v.
Senate Blue
Ribbon
Committee (203
SCRA 767)
36. Sabio et. al.
v. Gordon et. al.
(October 17,
2006)
37. Senate et.al.
v. Ermita et.al.
(April 20, 2006)

38. Gudani
et.al. v. Senga
(August 15,
2006)
39. Neri v.
Senate Blue
Ribbon
Committee on
Accountability
(GR No.
180643, March
25, 2008)
40. Reghis
Romero v.
Estrada et.al.
(April 2, 2009)

Section 24
41. Tolentino v.
Secretary of
Finance (235
SCRA 630)
42. Alvarez et.al
v. Guingona
(252 SCRA 695)

Section 25
43. Garcia v.
Mata (65 SCRA
517)

44. Demetria v.
Alba (148 SCRA
208)

45. Philconsa v.
Enriquez (235
SCRA 506)

Section 26
46. Philconsa v.
Gimenez (15
SCRA 479)

47. Tio v.
Videogram
Regulatory (151
SCRA 208)
48. Phil. Judges
Association v.
Prado, supra

49. Tolentino v.
Sec. of
Finance, supra
50. Tan v. Del
Rosario (237
SCRA 324)

Section 27
51. Tolentino v.
Sec. of
Finance, supra

52. Gonzales v.
Macaraig (191
SCRA 452)

53. Bengzon v.
Drilon, supra

54. Philconsa v.
Enrquez, supra

Section 28
55. Kapatiran
ng mga
Naglilingko sa
Pamahalaan ng
Pilipinas v. Tan
(163 SCRA 371)
56. Province of
Abra v. Judge
Hernando (107
SCRA 104)
57. Abra Valley
College v.
Aquino (162
SCRA 106)
Section 29
58. Pascual v.
Secretary of
Public Works
(110 PHIL 331)
59. Aglipay v.
Ruiz (64 PHIL
201)

60. Guingona v.
Carague (196
SCRA 221)

61. Osmena v.
Orbos (220
SCRA 703)
62. Philconsa v.
Enriquez, supra

Section 30
63. First
Lepanto
Ceramics Inc.
v. CA (237
SCRA 519)
64. Diaz v. CA
(238 SCRA 785)

Section 32
65. Subic Bay
Metropolitan
Authority v.
COMELEC (262
SCRA 292)
H. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT (ARTICLE VII)

Section 1. The executive power shall be vested in the President of the Philippines.
1. Marcos v.
Manglapus 177
SCRA; 178 SCRA 760

2. Soliven v.
Makasiar 167
SCRA 393

3. Review
Center
Association of
the Phils. v.
Eduardo Ermita,
April 2, 2009
4. Province of
North Cotabato
v. GRP Peace
Panel, supra
5. Biraogo v.
Phil. Truth
Commission of
2010
5.1 Lagman et.
al. v. Exec. Sec.
Ochoa
Section 13 The President, Vice-President, the Members of the Cabinet, and their deputies or assistants shall not, unless
otherwise provided in this Constitution, hold any other office or employment during their tenure. They shall not, during said tenure,
directly or indirectly, practice any other profession, participate in any business, or be financially interested in any contract with, or in
any franchise, or special privilege granted by the Government or any subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, including
government-owned or controlled corporations or their subsidiaries. They shall strictly avoid conflict of interest in the conduct of their
office.

The spouse and relatives by consanguinity or affinity within the fourth civil degree of the President shall not, during his tenure, be
appointed as Members of the Constitutional Commissions, or the Office of the Ombudsman, or as Secretaries, Undersecretaries,
chairmen or heads of bureaus or offices, including government-owned or controlled corporations and their subsidiaries.
6. Dennis funa
vs. Agra,
February 19,
2013
7. Civil Liberties
Union vs.
Executive
Secretary 194
SCRA 317
8. Dennis Funa
vs. Executive
Secretary,
February 11, 2010
Section 15 Two months immediately before the next presidential elections and up to the end of his term, a
President or Acting President shall not make appointments, except temporary appointments to executive
positions when continued vacancies therein will prejudice public service or endanger public safety.
9. Aytona vs.
Castillo 4 SCRA
1

10. IN Re:
Appointments
dated March 30,
1998 of Hon. M.A.
Valenzuela and
Hon. P.B. Villarta as
RTC Judges 298
SCRA 408
11. Arturo de
Castro v. JBC
and Gloria
Macapagal-
Arroyo, March 7,
2010
Section 16 The President shall nominate and, with the consent of the Commission on Appointments, appoint the heads of the
executive departments, ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, or officers of the armed forces from the rank of colonel or
naval captain, and other officers whose appointments are vested in him in this Constitution. He shall also appoint all other officers of
the Government whose appointments are not otherwise provided for by law, and those whom he may be authorized by law to
appoint. The Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of other officers lower in rank in the President alone, in the courts, or in
the heads of departments, agencies, commissions, or boards.

The President shall have the power to make appointments during the recess of the Congress, whether voluntary or compulsory, but
such appointments shall be effective only until disapproved by the Commission on Appointments or until the next adjournment of the
Congress.
12. Sarmiento
vs. Mison 156
SCRA 549
13. Bautista vs.
Salonga 172
SCRA 160
14. Quintos –
Deles vs.
Commission on
Appointments
177 SCRA 259
15. Calderon vs.
Carale 2018
SCRA 254
16. Tarrosa vs.
Singson 232
SCRA 553
17. Flores vs.
Drilon 223
SCRA 568
18. Luego vs.
Civil Service
Commission 143
SCRA 327
19. Pobre vs.
Mendieta 224
SCRA 738

20. Arturo de
Castro v. JBC
and Gloria
Macapagal-
Arroyo, March 7,
2010
Section 17 The President shall have control of all the executive departments, bureaus, and offices. He
shall ensure that the laws be faithfully executed.
21. Drilon vs.
Lim 235 SCRA
135

22. Villena vs.

Secretary of
Interior 67 PHIL
451
23. Lacson –
Magallanes Co.
Inc. vs. Pano 21
SCRA 395
24. City of Iligan
vs. Director of
Lands 158
SCRA 158
25. Gascon vs.
Arroyo 178
SCRA 582

26. Kilusang
Bayan vs.
Dominguez 205
SCRA 92
Section 18 (Calling-out Power, Power to declare Martial Law & Suspend Privilege of HC)
27. Integrated
Bar of the
Philippines vs.
Zamora, August
15, 2000
28. Olaguer vs.
Military
Commission No.
34 150 SCRA
144
29. Sanlakas vs.
Executive
Secretary
January 14,
2004
30. Gudani,
et.al. vs. Lt. Gen.
Senga, et.al.
August 15, 2006
31. David, et.al.
vs. Arroyo, et.al.
May 3, 2006

32. Salviar M.
Kulay an, et.al.
vs. Gov.
Abdusakur M.
Tan, et.al. G.R.
No. 187298
Section 19. Except in cases of impeachment, or as otherwise provided in this Constitution, the President may grant
reprieves, commutations, and pardons, and remit fines and forfeitures, after conviction by final judgment.

He shall also have the power to grant amnesty with the concurrence of a majority of all the Members of the Congress.
33. Torres vs.
Gonzales 152
SCRA 272

34. Monsanto
vs. Factoran 170
SCRA 190

35. People vs.

Salle, Jr. 250
SCRA 581

36. Garcia vs.

COA 226 SCRA
356

37. Llamas vs.

Orbos 202 SCRA
844

38. Eduardo
Kapunan vs. Court
of Appeals, March
13, 2009
Section 21. No treaty or international agreement shall be valid and effective unless concurred in by at
least two-thirds of all the Members of the Senate.
39. Commissioner
of Customs vs.
Eastern Sea
Trading 3 SCRA
351
Presidential Immunity from Suit
40. Lourdes Rubrico,
et.al. vs. Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo,
et.al. February 18,
2010
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT (Article VIII)

1. Hacienda Luisita vs. PARC et.al. (November 22, 2001)

2. Malaga vs. Penachaos Jr. (213 SCRA 516)
3. PACU vs. Secretary of Education (97 PHL 806)
4. Mariano Jr. vs. COMELEC (242 SCRA 211)
5. Macasiano vs. NHA (224 SCRA 236)
6. J. Joya vs. PCGG (225 SCRA 586)
7. Legaspi vs. CSC, supra
8. Bankers Assoc. of the Phils vs. COMELEC (Nov. 26, 2013)
9. Kilosbayan vs. Guingona, Jr. (232 SCRA 110)
10. Tatad vs. Garcia Jr. (243 SCRA 436)
11. Oposa vs. Factoran, supra
12. Kilosbayan vs. Morato (246 SCRA 540)
13. Atty. Oliver Lozano vs. Nograles (June 16, 2009)
14. League of Cities Phils. vs. COMELEC (Dec. 21, 2009)
15. Venancio Inonog vs. Judge Francisco Ibay (July 28, 2009)
16. Biraogo vs. Philippine Truth Commission of 2010/ Lagman v. Ochoa
17. Atty. Romulo Macalintal vs. PET

Section 3
18. Bengzon v. Drilon, supra

Section 4
19. Limketkai Sons Milling Inc. vs. CA et al. (Sept. 5, 1996)

Section 5
19. Drilon vs. Lim (235 SCRA 135)
20. Larranaga vs. CA (287 SCRA 581)
21. First Lepanto Ceramics vs. CA (237 SCRA 519)
22. Aruelo vs. CA (227 SCRA 311)
23. Javellana v. DILG (212 SCRA 2475)
24. In re: Petition for recognition of exemption of the GSIS from payment of legal fees, AM No. 08-2-01-0,
February 11, 2010
Section 6
25. Maceda vs. Vasquez (221 SCRA 464)
26. Raquiza vs. Judge Castaneda Jr. (81 SCRA 235)

Section 10
27. Nitafan vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue (152 SCRA 284)

Section 11
28. Dela Llana vs. Alba (112 SCRA 294)
29. People vs. Judge Gacott, Jr. (246 SCRA 52)

Section 12
30. In re: Manzano (166 SCRA 246)

Section 14
31. Nicos Industrial Corp. vs. CA (206 SCRA 127)
32. Komatsu Industries Phils. vs. CA (289 SCRA 604)
33. Prudential Bank vs. Castro (158 SCRA 646)
34. Oil & Natural Gas Commission vs. CA (293 SCRA 26)
35. Atty. Alice Odchigue-Bondoc vs. Tan Tiong Bio aka Henry Tan (October 6, 2010)

Section 16
36. Valdez vs. CA (194 SCRA 360)