Biology 9th Edition By Peter H Raven -Test Bank

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Biology 9th Edition by Peter H Raven -Test Bank
Sample Test
Chapter 03

Student:
___________________________________________________________________________

1. The special molecules that have large structures and characteristically made by living
organisms are known
as ________.
1. macromolecules
2. polysaccharides
3.
proteins
4. carbon

2. Organic molecules contain a specific carbon-based core to which specific groups of atoms
with definite
chemical properties are attached. These groups of atoms are called ________ groups.
1. carbon
2. extension
3. functional
4. chemical

3.
Three of the four macromolecules present in living systems are ________
which means they are built by
linking together small, similar chemical monomers.
1. polymers
2. functional
3. evolved
4. carbon-based

4. Proteins that can carry out catalysis in organisms are called ______.
5.
catalysts
6. reactants
7. cofactors
8. enzymes

5. In _________ the average chain length of amylose is much greater and there are more
branches than in plant
starch.
1. proteins
2. cellulose
3. glu
cose
4. glycogen

6. A modified form of cellulose found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans is known as
_______.
7. chitin
8. glucose
9. protein
10. glycogen

7. Non-polarity and insolubility characterize biological compounds known as _______.

8. carbohydrates
9. lipids
10. proteins
11. nucleic acids

8. __________ are polymers containing up to 20 different kinds of naturally occurring amino

acids.
9. lipids
10. proteins
11. carbohydrates
12. nucleic acids

9. Th
e covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a
water molecule.
A reaction referred to as ________________.
1. conjunction
2.
hydration
3. dehydration
4. condensation
10. This atom in its unbound state has four valent electrons. These electrons readily form single,
double, and
even triple bonds among themselves to become stable. This atom is
1. carbon.
2.
hydrogen.
3. oxygen.
4. nitrogen.
5. phosphorus.

11. Macromolecules are disassembled in ____________ reactions.

12. anabolic
13. hydrolysis
14. radioactive
15. denaturation
16. dehydration

12. Relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl
group, an
amino group, a carbon containing group, and a hydrogen atom are called
1.
amino acids.
2. fatty acids.
3. enzymes.
4. peptides.
5. nucleotides.

13. Macromolecules that are used by organisms to store hereditary information are called
14. transfer RNA molecules.
15. messenger RNA molecules.
16. ribosomal RNA molecules.
17. amino acids molecules.
18. DNA molecules.

14. DNA, RNA, and ATP contain functional units known as

15. peptides.
16.
enzymes.
17. amino acids.
18. nucleotides.
19. fatty acids.

15. Which of the following is not a property of carbon?

16. It can form single, double, and even triple bonds with itself.
17. It can be built into rings and long chains.
18. It constitutes the backbones of an incredible variety of molecules.
19. All compounds made from carbon are soluble in water.
20. All organic molecules contain carbon atoms.

16. Which of the following is not a macromolecule?

17. carbohydrates
18. water
19. nucleic acids
20. proteins
21.
lipids

17. All of the following are examples of functional groups in cells except
18. -CH3.
19. -COOH.
20. -H2O.
21. -NH2.
22. -OH.

18. Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called

19. amino acids.
20.
fatty acids.
21. nucleic acids.
22. phosphate groups.
23. monosaccharides.

19. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called

20. fatty acids.
21. amino acids.
22. nucleic acids.
23. phosphate groups.
24. sugars.

20. Lipids are the only class of macromolecules that contain

21. amino acids.
22. nucleic acids.
23. fatty acids.
24.
phosphate groups.
25. sugars.

21. Nucleic acids are polymers formed of building blocks that contain
22. amino acids.
23. fatty acids.
24. sugars.
25. rings of nitrogen bases.
26. peptide bonds.

22. The simplest and the most common monosaccharide is a six-carbon sugar called
23. galactose.
24. lactose.
25. cellulose.
26. glucose.
27. sucrose.

23. Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because
24. cellulose contains very little chemical energy.
25. cellulose is not part of a normal diet.
26. cellulose digesting enzymes are absent.
27. cellulose does not taste good.
28. cellulose is present in large quantities in the gut.

24.
Chitin, a modified form of cellulose, is not only cross-linked with proteins
but also its glucose units are
modified with atoms of
1. nitrogen.
2. hydrogen.
3. oxygen.
4. sulfur.
5. phosphorous.

25. Which of the following is not a type of lipid?

26. fat
27. chitin
28. cholesterol
29. terpenes
30. prostaglandins

26. Which of the following macromolecules are characteristically water-insoluble?

27. proteins
28. nucleic acids
29. carbohydrates
30. lipids
31. enzymes

Chapter 07 – Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

Chapter 07
Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

Multiple Choice Questions

1.

Organisms that can manufacture their own chemical

energy sources are called
_____________.
1.

autotrophs
2.

heterotrophs
3.
 oligotrophs
4.

chemotrophs

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: General

2.

________ depend on energy stored in chemical bonds

by autotrophs for their food energy.

1.

autotrophs
2.

heterotrophs
3.

oligotrophs
4.

chemotrophs

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: General

3.

Simple molecules are further broken down in cells in a

process called _________, during
which energy stored in their chemical bonds is used to power the production of ATP.
1.

photosynthesis
2.

anabolism
3.

respiration
4.

muscle contraction

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: General

7-1

Chapter 07 – Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

4.

Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in

organisms which breathe air in a
process called ________ respiration.
1.

anaerobic
2.

continuous
3.

glucose
4.

aerobic

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: General

5.

In glycolysis, a major portion of the energy remains in

the final product, which is called
________.
1.
 glucose
2.

carbon dioxide
3.

ATP
4.

pyruvate

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.06
Section: 7.02
Topic: General

6.

For further derivation of energy, aerobic cells must

convert pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by
stripping off a C02 molecule. This process is known as ___________.
1.

decarboxylation
2.

glycolysis
3.

The Kreb’s cycle

4.

metabolism

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.09
Section: 7.03
Topic: General

7-2

Chapter 07 – Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

7.

All of the reactions of glucose oxidation that follow

glycolysis, and involve the transfer of
electrons to their final acceptor, take place in eukaryotic cells in the ___________.
1.

chloroplasts
2.

nucleus
3.

mitochondria
4.

plasma membrane

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.14
Section: 7.05
Topic: General

8.

Because the chemical formation of ATP is driven by a

diffusion force similar to osmosis,
this process is referred to as ___________.
1.

active transport
2.

chemiosmosis
3.

decarboxylation
4.

diffusion
Bloom’s Level: Remember
Figure: 7.15
Section: 7.05
Topic: General

9.

The return of the protons into the mitochondrial matrix

through mitochondrial membrane
channels occurs by the process of _________.
1.

diffusion
2.

osmosis
3.

active transport
4.

reversal of
potential

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.15
Section: 7.05
Topic: General

7-3

Chapter 07 – Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

10.

The amino acids must be first __________ before they

can be used in catabolic reactions.

1.

stripped
2.
 proteins
3.

deoxygenated
4.

deaminated

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.21
Section: 7.09
Topic: General

11.

Fats undergo a process called ________ oxidation, in

which the products are acetyl
coenzyme molecules.
1.

alpha
2.

beta
3.

gamma
4.

omega

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.22
Section: 7.09
Topic: General

12.

The first stage of cellular respiration, _____________,

occurs with or without oxygen
present.
1.
 the Kreb’s cycle
2.

glycolysis
3.

gluconeogenesis
4.

cleavage

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.02
Topic: General

7-4

Chapter 07 – Test Bank: How Cells Harvest Energy

13.

When oxygen is limiting, during heavy exercise,

muscle cells revert to
________________ fermentation for energy production.
1.

alcohol
2.

yeast
3.

aerobic
4.

lactic acid

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.08
Topic: General

14.
 A molecule that stores energy by linking charged
phosphate groups near each other is
called
1.

ATP.
2.

NADH.
3.

FADH.
4.

cyclic AMP.
5.

pyruvate.

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Section: 7.01
Topic: General

15.

An electron carrier that is used in harvesting energy

from glucose molecules in a series of
gradual steps in the cytoplasm is
1.

pyruvate.
2.

cyclic AMP.
3.

ATP.
4.

NAD+.
5.

NADH.

Bloom’s Level: Remember

Figure: 7.03
Section: 7.01
Topic: General

7-5