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Republic of the Philippines

Cordillera Administrative Region
Mountain Province
MUNICIPALITY OF TADIAN
OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL MAYOR

PROGRAM PROPOSAL FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES (IP) PROJECT GRANTS

I. TITLE: REHABILITATION AND CONSERVATION OF RICE TERRACES HALAL

PROGRAM FOR FOOD SECURITY FOR THE INHABITANTS OFTHE
INDIGENOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF
TADIAN, MOUNTAIN PROVINCE.

II. BACKGROUND

The indigenous peoples (IPs) are among the marginalized sectors of the
Philippine society. Tothe indigenous peoples, land and ancestral domain are central
concerns. Land is not only a means of survival but also the source of their way of life.
The indigenous socio-political institution, values and practices have proven to be
valuable in their effort to maintain order and justice in their communities and in their
struggles for collective survival and self- empowerment.

The centuries old rice terraces is the main source of living of the indigenous
peoples in the municipality. It evolves their way of life culturally and the sustenance of
the environment to sustain their life and of the rice terraces. In so doing, the
rehabilitation and conservation of the rice terraces must be given much attention,
alongside the protection of its critical water sources/watersheds, forests and bio-
diversity, and proper agricultural development towards food security and land
development in the municipality.

There is also a need to look into the alternative source of livelihood of the
indigenous peoples utilizing the other potentials of the rice terraces and the forest in the
municipality. Other potentials of the municipality through the conservation of the
watershed and the environmental may also be tapped to provide other livelihood and
development of the indigenous cultural communities of Tadian. These include tourism
potenials, min hydro development and others.

Base on the 2013 census through the Community Base Monitoring System
(CBMS), of the total municipal population of 18,905, Tadian is composed of 18,853 or
99.72% IPs and non-IP population of 52 or 0.28%. There are two (2) distinct tribes in
Tadian communities which are the Applai and Kankanaey. The Applai Tribe are those
occupying the Zone II barangays while the Kankanaey Tribes are those in the Zones I
and III. As per scrutiny of other inhabitants of the three zones, the immigrants including
in-laws are also IPs of their respective origins such as Iblaoi, Bontok, Balangao,
Kalanguya, Bago, Ibanag, Itneg, Ifugao, Gaddang, Kalinga, Maeng, Manubo, Maranao,
Tinguian, Abelling, Cagaynen, Isneg, Itawis, Cagayanen, Iwak etc. The remaining non-
IP inhabitants of Tadian are those in-laws and missionaries who are Ilocanos, Tagalogs,
and from other countries.

III. PROJECT AMOUNT:

The total project amount for the integrated program for the rehabilitation and
conservation of rice terraces for food security is 10,000,343,200.00

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IV. AN OVERVIEW OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF TADIAN:

A. Geographic Location, Jurisdiction and Subdivisions.

Tadian Municipality
is situated within Northern
Luzon, Cordillera
Administrative Region in
the westernmost part of
Mountain Province. It is
estimated to be 38 kms.
away from the Provincial
Capital town which
isBontoc and 127 kms.
away from Baguio City.
Map 1 shows the location
of Tadian.

Based on secondary
data from previous studies,
Tadian’s coordinate points
are 16°57’57” North
(latitude) and 120°48’55”
East (longitude). Four other
municipalities surround the
municipality. Situated in the
north is the Municipality of
Besao and in the east, the Map 1. Location Map of Tadian, Mountain Province
Municipality of Bauko; both
are still within Mountain Province. Meanwhile, the southern neighbor of Tadian is the
Municipality of Mankayan, Benguet Province and on the west is Cervantes,Ilocos Sur.
Tadian municipality is accessible by road through all of its neighboring municipalities. It
is accessible to Baguio City by land transportation through the Halsema Highway also
known as Mountain Trail that passes through the Province of Benguet. It is also
accessible to the Ilocos region through the historic Bessang Pass that passes to the
Province of Ilocos Sur.Tadian Municipality is considered as the gateway of Mountain
Province to the Ilocos Region.
Tadian is divided into 19
barangays grouped to into three
zones. These are Zone I that
composed the six central
barangays of Poblacion, Kayan
East, Kayan West, Bunga,
Balaoa and Tue; Zone II,
referred to as Sulumaside or
Bas-ang comprised the seven
northern barangays of Sumadel,
Lubon, Masla, Duagan,
Mabalite, Bantey, and Batayan;
and Zone III, also called
Sunnyside or Demang covers
the six southern barangays of
Banaao, Pandayan, Cadad-
anan, Lenga, Dacudac, and
Cagubatan. Map 2 shows the
administrative map of Tadian.

Above all material

information about Tadian, the
Map 2. Administrative Map of Tadian, Mountain Province
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2013 CBMS data reveal that the population Tadian is composed of 99.72% IPs. By sex
disaggregation, male population is 99.70% while female population is 99.76%. There
are two (2) distinct tribes in Tadian communities which are the Applai and Kankanaey.
The Applai Tribe are those occupying the Zone II barangays as enumerated above
while the Kankanaey Tribes are those in the Zones I and II. As per scrutiny of other
inhabitants of the three zones, the immigrants including in-laws are also IPs of their
respective origins such as Iblaoi, Bontok, Balangao, Kalanguya, Bago, Ibanag, Itneg,
Ifugao, Gaddang, Kalinga, Maeng, Manubo, Maranao, Tinguian, Abelling, Cagaynen,
Isneg, Itawis, Cagayanen, Iwak etc. The remaining non-IP inhabitants of Tadian which
compose 0.28% are those in-laws and missionaries who are Ilocanos, Tagalogs, and
from other countries.

B. Population Composition

The earliest
record of the number
of inhabitants in
Tadian was in 1903.
At the time there were
only about 56 people.
Fast-forward to 2017
the population grew
to 21,530. The growth
rate of the population
from 2015 to 2017
was 1.73%. Growth
rates throughout the
period are stable with Chart 1. Population pyramid of Tadian, Mountain Province, 2017
occasional decrease
from time to time. The largest age group in 2017 was the 15-19 year old bracket at
10.08% while the smallest was the 1 and below age bracket at 1.19%. The Total Sex
Ratio of Tadian is 1.04 which implies that there were more males than there are
females, and it was also observed that women have longer lifespans than men when
the sex ratio shifts from more than one to less than one as the age group gets older.

Available data shows that in the same reference year, the number of people who
are able work at specific ages (Working Age Group) outnumbers those who need to
depend on them for a living (Total Dependents, both young and old). Computed
altogether, the Total Dependency Ratio is 34.50%. Computations also indicates that
there are more young dependents (ages 0-14) than old dependents (ages 65 and up).

Meanwhile,
the barangay with
largest population
is Poblacion
(15.96%), although
it is an urban
barangay. The rural
barangay with the
largest population
is Lubon (9.54%)
and the smallest
population is in
Duagan (1.21%).
Chart 2shows the
graphic comparison
of population sizes
per barangay. Chart 2. Population sizes per barangay in Tadian, Mountain Province, 2017

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 Regarding the School-going Age Population (SGAP), four age group
classifications were used: Preschool (3-5), Elementary (6-12), Secondary [(13-18);
further subdivided into Junior (13-16) and Senior High School (17-18)], and Tertiary (19-
22). The total percent of people who are in the age to be in school is 37.92% relative to
the whole population in 2017. Of that total, there are more males (51.41%) than females
(48.59%) in the SGAP group. Elementary school-age groups have the most number at
13.37% relative to the total SGAP, and the least is the preschool group (5.42%) also
relative to total SGAP.

B.1. Population Distribution.

For population distribution, household populations and population density were

analyzed. Average
Household Sizes were
used to give a rough
estimate of how many
people reside in a
household per
barangay. It is
computed as the
number of population
divided by the total
number of households
in a barangay. The
Total Average
Household size in
Chart 3.Household sizes per barangay in Tadian, Mountain Province, 2017
Tadian is 5.06. The
largest number of household is in the urban barangay of Poblacion (722). Among rural
barangays Lubon has the most number of households (466) and Duagan the least (59).
On average, including the spread data if rounded off to whole numbers, it can be said
that in Tadian there are usually 4-6 people in a household as shown in Chart 3.

On the other hand, population density is computed as population divided by the

gross area (square kilometer unit used). The densest population is in Poblacion at 376
people/sq. kilometer. Among rural barangays, Lubon is the densest (227 people/sq.
kilometer) while Duagan is the least dense (32 people/sq. kilometer). Poblacion is the
main driver of density as most of the services and other institutional entities are located
there. Furthermore, Lubon is most likely to be the next urban barangay since it is
located beside Poblacion.

B.2..Other Population Indicators

Population indicators extracted from the Tadian Community-based Monitoring

System (CBMS) 2013 are Poverty Threshold, Religious Affiliation, and Labor Force and
Employment.

The poverty threshold in the Tadian CBMS 2013 was PhP18,947. The total
percent of households below poverty threshold is 27.86%, while Mabalite has most
number of households below poverty threshold (68.89%).

Religious affiliation shows that majority of religions in Tadian originated from

Christianity-based denominations. The most common religions ascribed to the locality
are Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Protestant. The least common ones were Santuala
and Aglipay, Islam, and Oness.

Regarding Labor Force and Employment, in 2013, there more employed males
(61.83%) than females (38.17%) but the reverse is true for unemployment which says
there are unemployed females (52.95%) than males (47.05%).For Overseas
Employment there was a notable but slow increase in number of overseas workers from
2007-2010. For those seeking more competitive income overseas work is an option. In
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2007, 2.02% of the population were overseas workers but in 2010, it increased to
3.62%. The Highest Educational Attainment (HEA) in Tadian shows that the most
common HEA is Secondary education, least common was preschool and that more
females have tertiary HEA than males.

B.3.Population Projections

Tadian LGU produced its own mathematical projections. With a planning period
of nine years (2019-2028), the population growth rate used is from 2010-2017, which is
0.57%. Assuming consistent growth rate, in the next five years (2023) the municipal
population of the locality is projected to grow to 22,276 and in the last planning
year(2028) it is projected to increase further to 22,917. Barangay projections are
displayed in Table 1.

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 Table 1. Municipal and Barangay Population Projections in Tadian, Mountain Province, 2019-2028

Population 2017 2010-2017 PGR-BASED PROJECTION

2017 2010
Growth Partici-
Popula- Popula-
Rate % pation 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
tion tion
(2010-2017) Rate
TADIAN 21,530 20,689 0.57% 1.000 21,776 21,900 22,024 22,150 22,276 22,403 22,530 22,658 22,787 22,917
Balaoa 1,289 1,157 1.54% 0.060 1,304 1,311 1,319 1,326 1,334 1,341 1,349 1,357 1,364 1,372
Banaao 1,061 885 2.59% 0.049 1,073 1,079 1,085 1,092 1,098 1,104 1,110 1,117 1,123 1,129
Bantëy 775 695 1.56% 0.036 784 788 793 797 802 806 811 816 820 825
Batayan 656 713 -1.19% 0.030 663 667 671 675 679 683 686 690 694 698
Bunga 840 732 1.97% 0.039 850 854 859 864 869 874 879 884 889 894
Cadad-anan 1,177 1,234 -0.68% 0.055 1,190 1,197 1,204 1,211 1,218 1,225 1,232 1,239 1,246 1,253
Cagubatan 1,047 934 1.63% 0.049 1,059 1,065 1,071 1,077 1,083 1,089 1,096 1,102 1,108 1,114
Dacudac 1,437 1,888 -3.90% 0.067 1,453 1,462 1,470 1,478 1,487 1,495 1,504 1,512 1,521 1,530
Duagan 260 287 -1.41% 0.012 263 264 266 267 269 271 272 274 275 277
Kayan East 1,109 896 3.05% 0.052 1,122 1,128 1,134 1,141 1,147 1,154 1,161 1,167 1,174 1,180
Kayan West 995 949 0.68% 0.046 1,006 1,012 1,018 1,024 1,029 1,035 1,041 1,047 1,053 1,059
Lënga 788 715 1.39% 0.037 797 802 806 811 815 820 825 829 834 839
Lubon 2,054 2,073 -0.13% 0.095 2,077 2,089 2,101 2,113 2,125 2,137 2,149 2,162 2,174 2,186
Mabalite 514 491 0.65% 0.024 520 523 526 529 532 535 538 541 544 547
Masla 1,444 1,265 1.89% 0.067 1,460 1,469 1,477 1,486 1,494 1,503 1,511 1,520 1,528 1,537
Pandayan 907 948 -0.63% 0.042 917 923 928 933 938 944 949 955 960 965
Poblacion 3,436 3,194 1.04% 0.160 3,475 3,495 3,515 3,535 3,555 3,575 3,596 3,616 3,637 3,657
Sumadël 751 752 -0.02% 0.035 760 764 768 773 777 781 786 790 795 799
Tuë 990 881 1.67% 0.046 1,001 1,007 1,013 1,018 1,024 1,030 1,036 1,042 1,048 1,054
Source: RHU Annual Report 2017
Note: Decimal places displayed are rounded off for formatting, but longer values were used for real computation

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V. SITUATIONER OF TADIAN MUNICIPALITY

These are the very reason why this

proposal is a call for the rehabilitation and
conservation of the Rice Terraces so that the
next generation will not just listen and read the
stories of the past. A tender care for the
wonderful rice terraces is a perennial obligation
for the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) inhabiting the
communities of Tadian. “Now is time and time is
now” for the Indigenous People of Tadian to
pledge a sincere commitment to revitalize the
heritage sites where the source of abundant
living that is bestowed by God, a legacy of love
and a sacred gift that needs to be upheld.
The succeeding statements, tables, maps,
charts and pictures are evidences of the current
state affecting the Rice Terraces as well as the
Forests and Watersheds giving life to wild
sanctuary and the rice paddies. History and
current facts can prove that the lives of the
Indigenous Peoples in the Municipality of Tadian
primarily lie on agricultural products from the
Rice Terraces. Of course add on to these are the
contributions from modern technologies
and earnings from alternative sources.

Like any other places in the

Cordillera, the Municipality of Tadian has
its own distinct tourist attractions and
these are built-in in the areas of potential
tourist spots. Admittedly Tadian is not
yet a tourist destination despite the
presence of tourist attractions because
these are yet to be developed and
advertised. Because of its diverse
culture and geographical location,
potential tourist attractions that could be
offered are outdoor and cultural
activities. Natural attractions such as
Scenic Waterfalls, Scenic Mountains, the
Enchanted Eels of Cagubatan and
Lenga, Red Soil, Lakes, Burial Caves
etc. are built-in around the Rice Terraces
which are universally charming for
adventurous people.
Additional tourist drawer are the
Municipal Museum that houses the
possessions of the IP forebears of
Tadian and the Binangi house, a native
cogon house of the Igorots of the
Western Mountain Province of which the
product and surrounding events relative
to the stair like rice lands on the
mountain sides of Tadian are usually
presented during the yearly celebration
of Ayyoweng di Lambak Festival, a
thanksgiving celebration that highly
displays cultural practices of the people of Tadian.

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 Traditionally, the Tadian Rice paddies are devoted for rice production. Typically, the
surrounding are planted with banana, legumes (commonly beans), and corn. There are
irrigation systems present, and there are still some barangays (based on collected
secondary data) that are not covered by support facilities, although many of them are
operational. Financial support mechanisms available for farmers are insurance services
from the Philippine Crop Insurance Company (PCIC) and Tadian Credit Cooperative.

Basically, the indigenous peoples of Tadian are known as Mamabikas ay Litaguan

which means industrious and hardworking people and so 84% of its households are
engaged in farming. Rice lands consist 40% of the total land area that is devoted for
agriculture. However 2017 data shows that only 804 hectares or 52% out of the hectarage
for rice production are currently in efficient use. These is further elaborated in the Chart 4
below.

There are two cropping season for rice. First Cropping falls from December to June
for those irrigated areas and Second cropping falls from July to December for those areas
that are rain-fed.

Irrigated rice terraces are found in the Barangays of Batayan, Some part of
Bantey, Sumadel, Masla, Duagan, Lubon, Bunga, Kayan East, some part of
Kayan West, some part of Tue, some part of Poblacion, some part of Balaoa,
some part of Cagubatan, Some part of Banaao, some part of Pandayan,
Lenga, Cadad-anan, some part of Dacudac.

The rain-fed rice terraces are found mostly in Barangay Mabalite,

Cagubatan, Tue, Sitio Cabunagan of Balaoa, Upper Rice Terraces of Bantey,
and portions of Sumadel, Masla, Poblacion, Bunga, Kayan West, Pandayan,
Banaao, Lenga and Dacudac.

In between the cropping seasons, just after the harvest time, some of the farmers
utilize selected rice to raise Tilapia. Some uses other selected paddies to plant highland
vegetables such as cabbage, potatoes, beans, carrots, pepper etc. neither

The Rice Production from the Chart 4.Local Rice Production vs Demand in Tadian, Mountain
ricefields of Tadian communities are Province, 2017
likely enough to secure food
sufficiency for its people. Out of the
efficient ricefields as of 2017, around
63% of local rice production was
computed out of the current active
ricelands. However, e-Tadian culture
on harvest keeping could be noted
that around 20-30% of their harvests
are not consumed within the year
because these are kept in the so-
called “Agamang” which means rice
granary neither some are sold
outside the municipality or shared to
their relatives and friends outside
Tadian. This points out that the 63%
locally produced rice sufficiency computation could actually be lower. Notably, the total
area for rice production as stated earlier is 1,586 hectares but the current in use as shown
in this chart is only 804 hectares. Therefore, the 782 hectares that are being abandoned or
idled are the main subject for rehabilitation in this proposal.

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 Water Supply for the irrigated areas are now deteriorating due to the effect of forest
fires, watershed encroachment and using them for other purposes such as vegetable
gardens and settlement areas.

Forest Fires on Watershed areas Watershed being drilled for gold Watershed turned vegetable
exploration garden

Irrigation systems are in place in some areas having been funded by the
government though the programs of Department of Agriculture through its subsidiary
agencies. However some of them may have been damaged or unfinished thus the desired
services are not fully achieved.

Support Facilities and

Capability Building for Farmers
are being provided by the
government through the DA which
is lodged mostly to the Municipal
Agriculture Office. Some of the
support facilities for farmers are
the FMR construction, Multi-
purpose Drying Pavements,
Irrigations Systems, Impounding
dams, access pathways leading
to the ricefileds, footbridges,
tramlines, etc. Capability support
programs are also provided such
as ; provision of seeds, support to
irrigation facilities, farmers’
trainings, Farmers Field Schools
(FFS) on Rice Characterization,
FFS on Heirloom Rice and other
similar services.

As a marketing strategy,
Tadian Municipality has two(2)
established public market at
Poblacion, Tadian and at
barangay Kayan East however
the public markets cannot serve
the whole municipality. Tadian
public market can only serve
Poblacion, nearby barangays on
limited scale and constituents of other barangays especially zone II barangays. The
markets also cannot accommodate big volume of products as synonymous to the
magnitude of needs of the buying public. Tadian LGU has established every Friday as
market day of the municipality for purposes to cater the products of Tadian especially
agricultural products. However, varieties of goods are on display during every market day
from agricultural products, groceries, RTWs and tools and equipment. Majority of
participating vendors also came from other places. Even as most agricultural products on
display came from Bauko and vegetables from the lowlands.

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VI. CHALLENGES OBSERVED / DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS ON THE RICE
TERRACES IN THE MUNICIPALITY

The observed major challenges and /or development constraints on the Indigenous
People’s rice terraces in the municipality are as follows:

A. Bio-Physical Component

1. Damaged / Eroded Rice Terraces

Most of the damaged / eroded rice terraces were not restored. These rice terraces
are located along riverbanks and drainage canals within the rice terraces that have no
slope protection and owners abandoned it or find it difficult to restore due to its costly
restoration.

2. Abandoned Rice Terraces

Some rice terraces were abandoned due to the diminished irrigation water and its
far distance to the nearest accessible road or the community.

3. Rice Terraces Conversion to Other Uses

Some rice terraces were converted to other uses mainly due to the lack of irrigation
water and the introduction of cash crops in the locality.

4. Watershed Destruction due to Forest Fires Resulting to Inadequate Irrigation

Water
The yearly occurrence of forest fires is the main threat to the forest and forest lands
/ watersheds development in the municipality. It effectively destroys the forest wealth and
the entire bio-diversity since it destroys both the young and old trees, non-timber products
and put to waste introduced forest development such as reforestations and/or tree
planting. Forest fire also hampers continuous forest regeneration and natural expansion.
The forest destruction brought about by the yearly occurrence of forest fire lessened the
ability of the watershed to store more water that effectively result to inadequate domestic
and irrigation water.

5. Fastly Denuding Forest / watershed due to Forest Conversion / Forest

Encroachment, and Unregulated Cutting of Trees

Forest / watershed conversion into commercial gardens/garden encroachment

/expansions is the main threat to the Sunnyside watershed located at the southern part of
Tadian municipality. The persistent encroachment of private individuals into the
watersheds effectively causes its destruction. On the other hand, the occurrence /
incidence of unregulated cutting of trees is another threat to the remaining forest in the
municipality. All the enumerated factors cause the decrease of irrigation and domestic
water supply in the municipality. Strengthening the implementation of the Batangan system
will minimize this problem. Lack of imposition of reasonable penalty or sanction for
offenders at the community level has contributed to the persistent illegal tree cutting that
deforested some of the pine forest in the domain. Indiscriminate cutting of trees are also
very rampant in dispute areas. Some barangays and individuals or both conflicting parties
took advantage of the absence of explicit guidelines for access, management and
protection that are binding to all over the dispute areas and proceeded to cut trees in these
areas. It was also observed that dispute areas are free zones, everybody can have access
to it.

6. Some Owners of Rice Terraces Complaint of Indiscriminate Waste Disposal to

their Rice Terraces due to the Lack of Institutionalization of Solid Waste
Management

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 A concrete solid waste management system (SWM) in the municipality is not yet
established or institutionalized due to the absence of the critical facilities and activities.
There are established solid waste management activities that cater the biodegradable and
recyclable waste; however, the final proper disposal of residuals is still not established. At
present, residuals are being put to existing septic vault, buried, burned and some were
thrown anywhere even at rice terraces.

In the municipality, the amount of solid waste is increasing due to population

expansion, continuous economic growth, urbanization and industrialization. Tadian LGU
needs to consider the key activities of solid waste management such as waste generation,
recycling, collection, transfer and proper disposal. It shall also consider key facilities such
as the engineered sanitary landfill and others. Improper solid waste management can
impact negatively on human health and environment.

While we aspire for the development of Tadian Municipality, SWM also shall be
properly institutionalized.

B. Agricultural and Economic Component

1. Abandonment of some rice terraces due to the declining interest of the younger
generations of Indigenous People in the municipality towards rice farming
One of the emerging hindering factor in the continuing rice terraces maintenance
and development is the declining interest of the younger generations on rice farming. Lack
of focus of the younger generations to farming left the agriculture sector suffer particularly
in the production level since it is the primary source of living in the locality. It was
observed nowadays that there are increasing areas of rice paddies that are not farmed or
not attended to especially at areas that are far from the roads. The younger generations of
indigenous people in the municipality opt out of farming, emigrate, or choose other means
of livelihood for survival.

2. Low rice production and high production cost.

Productivity of the rice terraces became even lower as lands become less
productive or fertile, and due to high incidence of pest and diseases such as rodents,
kuhol, giant earthworms, kiwet, and dangaw. On the other hand, rice farmers are being
burdened by the high production cost and costly maintenance of rice terraces.

3. Lack of adequate and appropriate agricultural support facilities and infrastructure

to support production, market and other potentials of the rice terraces and the
indigenous communities such as tourism and others. This includes the following:
a. Lack or poor communal irrigation system;
b. Lack or poor infrastructure support such as farm to market roads / pathways,
footbridges, tramlines, cable cars, airport, heliport / helipad and others;
c. Lack or poor provision of appropriate mechanized equipment, and post –
harvest facilities.

4. Insufficient Irrigation Water supply and Facilities

Insufficient irrigation water delimits the production rice in the municipality. It makes
production seasonal that is heavily concentrated during rainy season. During dry season,
rice land cropping intensity especially is consistently decreasing due to insufficiency of
irrigation water. Factors affecting the insufficiency of irrigation water are lack/
poor/inadequate irrigation facilities, irrigable areas are higher than the rivers and other
sources of water and declining water supply due to decreasing forest cover especially at
the Sunnyside area or southern part of the municipality.

5. Incidence of Pests and Diseases on Rice Crops

Pests and diseases on rice crops effectively decrease production in the

municipality. These pests and diseases are highly hindering factors to sustain and
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increase rice production in the locality. On rice, aside from the diseases, the rice paddies
are infested with golden kohol that eat the young palay starting upon planting, giant earth
worms and small variety of eel or “kiwet” that bore holes into the paddies that aggravate
the shortage of irrigation water supply and presence of other pest such as rats and birds.

6. Lack of Climate Change Adaptation on Rice Farming

Farming calendar especially on rice has been established since time immemorial;
however, this farming calendar is challenge heavily by the changes in the climate.
Particularly, prolong dry spell contribute much on the scarcity of irrigation water supply
since it dried up sources of water. As a result, production level is effectively decreased. On
the other hand, more intense rain and strong typhoons destroy plants and disrupt farming
activities. Although the effect of the changes in climate is increasingly felt in the locality
particularly in the erratic onset and end of rainy season, no group of rice farmers yet in the
locality have the plan to change the ever reliable old farming calendar to adopt with the
prevailing situation.

7. Lack of alternative livelihood opportunities / projects for rice farmers.

C. Socio-Cultural and Support Component

1. Fading indigenous knowledge systems and practices on rice farming and

maintenance of the rice terraces such as the conduct of the begnas or rituals
pertaining to rice farming and the traditional skills on stone walling.

2. Low support mechanism on rice farming such as research, organization / structure,

funding support, policies and special bodies in the LGU that has focus on the
maintenance and development of the rice terraces

3. Dwindling role of the elders. In most of the communities, the role of the elders are
transferred to the elected officials of the communities except however on the
conduct of rituals.

4. Lack of local bodies / structures in support of the rice terraces such as municipal
rice terraces council or similar bodies and others.

5. Lack of support facilities in support of the eco-tourism potentials of the rice terraces

6. Lack of community social support facilities such as cultural centers, domestic water
systems/supply (DWS) and others.

7. Lack of support facilities / equipment / program in support of the indigenous people

education such as the school of living traditions, sets of gongs, IPEd buildings and
others.

VII. INTERVENTIONS AND PROJECT CONCEPT

The rehabilitation and conservation of the rice terraces must be given much
attention, alongside the protection and development of the water sources, forests and
watersheds, and proper agricultural development towards food security of the present and
future generations of the indigenous peoples and the other populace in the municipality.
The rice terraces in the locality represent the lives and mirror the indigenous peoples’
aspirations for:

 Long-term and communal view for a food production system that shall sustain future
generations;
 Civil and agricultural ingenuity;
 High regard towards nature and preservation of resources for the next generations;
 Continuing Community cooperation;
 IP community development; and

Page 13 of 27
  Equitable access of socio-economic services and programs that would uplift their
levels of well-being.

A. Bio-Physical Component

1. Rehabilitation and conservation of Rice Terraces

To increase and sustain rice production in the locality, there is a need to rehabilitate
damaged and eroded rice terraces to its original state to restore its productivity and
conserve the rice terraces as a whole. Conservation measures include the stoppage on
the conversion of rice terraces to other uses, maintenance of its irrigation facilities and
irrigation water, minimum of one hundred percent farming intensity and maintenance of its
physical structure. Maintenance and conservation of the rice terraces will surface its other
economic potential such as tourism potential and others.

2. Forest / Watershed protection, development and management

Adequacy of irrigation water supply for the rice terraces in the municipality depends
on the situation of the forest / watershed and how healthy is the forest or watershed forest
cover. Protected forest / watershed beget various benefits to the host communities of
Tadian. It ensures year round of water supply used for irrigation, domestic water supply
and for income generating activities of the populace. It also promotes protection of
biodiversity ensuring the sustainability of the various resources.

Tadian Municipality has six (6) sub-watersheds that covers all the watersheds /
forest areas in the locality. Five out of the six sub-watershed namely; Balas-iyan,
Layugan, Abit, Lusong and Sunnyside (Comillas) sub-watersheds drain to the Abra
River and form part of the bigger watershed, the Abra River Basin. On the other hand,
Bayudan sub-watershed drains to the Chico River through the Bayudan River. The
livelihood of the 19 communities of Tadian Municipality is basically sustained by the six
sub-watersheds through irrigation and domestic water supply, timber and non-timber
forest products. Watersheds irrigate the agricultural lands for a year round harvest.

The basic problem causing the heavy denudation/degradation of the forest and
watersheds in the municipality is poverty among the Indigenous People of Tadian. Low
production and productivity of the rice terraces and lack of alternative livelihood activities
put pressure to the forest. The indigenous people of the community although aware of the
consequences of unprotected watershed are slowly cutting down trees in unsustainable
manner to augment their livelihood. On the other hand, some unmindful farmers open the
forest for agricultural purposes (commercial garden).

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) – National

Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) Joint Administrative Order No. 2008-01
provides guidelines and procedures for the recognition, documentation, registration and
confirmation of all Sustainable Traditional and Indigenous Forest Resources Management
Systems and Practices (STIFRMSP) of Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) or
Indigenous Peoples (IPs) in Ancestral Domain / Land. On August 30, 2010, DENR and
NCIP issued the Joint Confirmation and Recognition Order No. CAR-STIFRMSP 2010-
0001 jointly granting the confirmation and recognition order to the Tadian Indigenous
Cultural Communities covering the 19 barangays of the Municipality of Tadian, Mountain
Province having practicing a sustainable traditional and indigenous forest resources
management systems and practices traditionally known as the Tadian “Batangan” System.
The recognized “batangan” system of the indigenous peoples of Tadian is a manifestation
of the efforts of the IPs in the protection and conservation of forests in the municipality in
support to the rice terraces municipal wide.

The following programs, projects and activities are to be undertaken to further

improve, develop and sustain the forest and watershed areas in the municipality in support
of the rice terraces.

Page 14 of 27
 a. Establishment / maintenance of tree nurseries – the project will supply the
needed seedlings year round for reforestation projects and tree planting
activities of the 19 indigenous cultural communities of Tadian, institutions and
other similar groups.
b. Reforestation Projects / tree planting activities – the project will reforest the
open areas in the 19 barangays of the municipality to increase and sustain
forest cover. Tree planting activities as traditional practice of the IPs of
Tadian municipality may be done by communities, families and clans, and
institutions such as schools, churches, government institutions and others.
c. Perimeter Fencing – construction of perimeter fence at critical watershed
areas especially at the Zone III watershed at the Sunnyside of Tadian and
other critical watershed areas in the municipality.
d. Construction / establishment of firebreaks – the project will be establish at
the strategic location of the forest / mountain ranges to help prevent the
escalation of forest fires and help in the suppression of forest fires.
e. Provision of forest rangers – the forest rangers are needed for the regular
and sustain patrol of the forest against possible timber poachers, forest
intrusion and occurrence of forest fires.
f. Provision of firefighting equipment to suppress forest fires.
g. Construction of forest watch tower cum field offices, and others.

3. Construction of flood control, slope protection or sea wall along river banks,
drainage canals and erosion prone areas to protect the rice terraces from further
eroding and washing-out.

This includes construction of slope protection / sea wall or flood control along river
banks to protect the rice terraces from further eroding or washing-out. It also includes the
improvement of existing drainage canals that cut across with in rice terraces to prevent the
washing-out of rice terraces and the construction of erosion control within rice terraces to
prevent it from further eroding.

4. Institutionalization of Solid Waste Management to solve the indiscriminate waste

disposal to the rice terraces

This program includes the establishment of a functional solid waste management

(SWM) in the municipality. The functional SWM covers the construction / establishments of
materials recovery facilities, ECRs for biodegradable wastes, SWM teams and structures,
and the provision of collection equipment (trucks) and facilities. It also need the
establishment / construction of and engineered sanitary landfill (ESL) as the main facility of
the solid waste management system of the municipality.

B. Agricultural and Economic Component

1. Construction / Rehabilitation / Improvement of Communal Irrigation System

This includes the construction of new and expansion irrigation systems, and
rehabilitation and improvement of existing irrigation systems. The irrigation systems
include intake structures such as concrete intakes and diversion dams; and concrete
canals or plastic pipes.
2. Establishment / construction of mini-hydro power plant in the municipality
The construction / establishment of mini-hydro power plant will be of great help to
the rice terraces and the communities of the indigenous peoples of Tadian Municipality. On
agriculture, the structure will be used for irrigation system to the rice terraces and other
agricultural lands it may cover and other usage in support of agriculture in the municipality.
On the other hand, the power generation will be of help to the municipality and to the
region and in to the country as it help provide the power needs of the country. The share of
the municipality and the host communities of the revenues that will be generated will be of
Page 15 of 27
great help for the provision of the other needs of the indigenous communities and its
people.
3. Construction / Rehabilitation / Improvement of Farm to Market Roads (FMRs)
This also includes the construction of new and expansion farm to market roads. The
road system include vehicular bridges where needed. Concrete paving will be the main
item of work. The FMRs connect the rice terraces to the IP communities and to the market
outlets.

4. Construction / Rehabilitation / Improvement of Farm to Market Pathways

This includes the construction of new and expansion farm to market pathways. The
pathway include footbridges bridges where needed. Concrete paving will be the main item
of work. The farm to market pathways usually interconnect the rice terraces in the locality,
the rice terraces to the IP communities and in to the nearest accessible farm to market
roads since most of the FMRs do not literally cut across the rice terraces.

5. Construction / Rehabilitation / Improvement of footbridges

This includes the construction of new footbridges, and rehabilitation and / or

improvement of existing footbridges within and to the rice terraces for the benefit of the
farmers. The footbridges connect one group of rice terraces to the other as well as the
communities. It also alleviate the plights of the farmers the risk of crossing rivers and
creeks with their farm animals and equipment especially during rainy season.

6. Construction of Tramlines and Cable Cars

The construction / establishment of tramlines and cable cars with in the municipality
to transport products and inputs at areas that can not be traverse by roads to keep intact
the environmental condition (forest and watershed) and preserve the rice terraces that are
potentially destroyed due to road construction and in areas that are not feasible for road
construction due to steep slope and others. Owing to the mountainous terrain of the
municipality, construction / establishment of cable cars are recommended as alternative
transport system and in support both for the agricultural community and tourism industry of
the municipality.

7. Construction of Airport and Heliport and its accessory facilities such as roads,
buildings, towers and others.

Construction and establishment of airport and heliport in the municipality is

necessary for faster transport system linkaging the locality to and from the outside of the
municipality. The facilities will be used also by the other municipalities and the province as
well.

8. Provision of mechanized equipment such as microtillers (koliglig) and draft animals

such as carabao.

9. Provision of post-harvest facilities and equipment such as multipurpose drying

pavement or similar facility and rice milling equipment, and others

10. Establishment of research stations and training centers

The establish research stations and training centers caters the researches to solve
the existing and emerging pest and diseases on rice production and other major crops in
the municipality. It also caters the researches on rice varieties that are suitable in the
municipality. The project also caters the training needs to cover the effects of climate
changes, researches, introduction of new technologies and others. It includes the

Page 16 of 27
establishment of a multi-commodity agricultural research / experimentation station for
promoting and strengthening agricultural growth especially in the field of research,
development and extension corollary to agriculture and fisheries modernization act.

8. Provision of alternative livelihood opportunities for rice farmers and establishment

of Trading Center / market centers as market outlet.

The project includes the provision of alternative livelihood activities such as free
range chicken, goat raising, rice-fish industry, moscuvado, heirloom rice industry and food
processing and others for the rice farmers. The activities may be sustainable year round to
augment the income of farmers on rice farming. It also includes the establishment of
market outlets such as the establishment of the Tadian Trading Center and enhancing the
Tadian public market at Poblacion, Tadian.

C. Socio-Cultural and Support Component

1. Enhancement of the Indigenous Knowledge System and Practices (IKSP) through

the following activities:

a. Documentation of the IKSPs on rice farming

b. Conduct of begnas by the communities of Tadian – begnas is a three-day
activity loaded with rituals intended for rice farming towards good and
abundant harvest.
c. Skills training on traditional stone walling – this activity is needed to transfer
the rice terraces traditional stone walling technology to the younger
generation.
d. Inclusion of the rice farming IKSP through the school of living traditions (SLT)
at schools
e. Enhancement of the organization of elders
f. Conduct of regular farmers congress and organization of farmers

2. Enhancement of the Ayyoweng the Lambak Festival and the barangay festivals
showcasing the IKSPs on rice farming and its products.

3. Organizing the Municipal Rice Terraces council or similar organization as one of the
special bodies in the municipality to regularly monitor the rice terraces in the
municipalities.

4. Provision of tourism support facilities of the rice terraces such as trails, view decks,
and others.

5. Provision of social and cultural support facilities such as cultural centers, provision
of indigenous music instruments, construction of IPEd buildings, domestic water
system and others.

VIII. LIST OF PROPOSE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE

REHABILITATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE RICE TERRACES AND ITS SUB-
COMPONENTS

PROGRAMS / PROJECTS / ACTIVITIES QUAN COST / AMOUNT

LOCATION UNIT
(PPAs) -TITY (P)
I. BIO-PHYSICAL COMPONENT
A. Rice Terraces Restoration
1. Restoration of eroded and erosion Municipa Hec
covered rice terraces through the 1,586 85,500,000.00
Wide tares
provision of cash for work

Page 17 of 27
2. Improvement of Drainage canals within
the rice terraces that are critical to the Municipal
7.5 kms. 112,500,000.00
erosion or washing away of rice terraces wide
along the drainage canals
3. Construction of Masla flood/erosion
Masla 800 meters 64,000,000.00
control or sea wall
4. Construction of Sumadel flood/erosion
Sumadel 600 meters 50,000,000.00
control or sea wall
5. Construction of Duagan flood/erosion
Duagan 500 meters 40,000,000.00
control or sea wall
6. Construction of Bantey flood/erosion
Bantey 600 meters 50,000,000.00
control or sea wall
7. Construction of Lubon flood/erosion
Lubon 750 meters 60,000,000.00
control or sea wall
8. Construction of Abit flood/erosion
Cagubatan 600 meters 50,000,000.00
control or sea wall
9. Construction of Cagubatan
Cagubatan 800 meters 64,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
10. Construction of Banaao flood/erosion
Banaao 800 meters 64,000,000.00
control or sea wall
11. Construction of Pasnadan
Dacudac 600 meters 50,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
12. Construction of Dacudac
Dacudac 600 meters 50,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
13. Construction of Lenga flood/erosion
Lenga 500 meters 40,000,000.00
control or sea wall
14. Construction of Tue flood/erosion
Tue 800 meters 64,000,000.00
control or sea wall
15. Construction of Balaoa flood/erosion
Balaoa 800 meters 64,000,000.00
control or sea wall
16. Construction of Kayan East
Kayan East 600 meters 50,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
17. Construction of Kayan West
Kayan West 500 meters 40,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
18. Construction of Bunga flood/erosion
Bunga 600 meters 50,000,000.00
control or sea wall
19. Construction of Poblacion Tadian
Poblacion 600 meters 50,000,000.00
flood/erosion control or sea wall
B. Watershed Conservation and
Protection
1. Establishment and maintenance of
Cabunagan,
Nursery with construction of potting 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
Balaoa
house
2. Establishment / Maintenance of Tree 19
Nurseries barangays 19 Units 19,000,000.00
3. Reforestation program / enrichment
Municipa Hec
planting of critical community watersheds 1250 37,500,000.00
Wide tares
/ batangan
4. Construction / establishment of
firebreaks / green belts at strategic Zone1 and
locations within the Zone 1-Zone 2 forest Zone 2, 15 kms. 15,000,000.00
system (Mt. Am0-Mt. Ngadangad-Libo- Tadian
Nalkatan-Balikog-Nenaba-Toyakpa)
5. Construction / establishment of Zone 3,
firebreaks / greenbelts at Zone 3 forest Tadian 5 kms. 5,000,000.00
system (Sunnyside)

Page 18 of 27
6. Construction of perimeter fence at Zone 3,
Sunnyside watershed (CHB, Concrete Tadian
post and Barb wire) (Sunnyside) 12.5 kms. 62,500,000.00
7. Construction of perimeter fence at the Zone1 and
critical watershed at Zone 1 and Zone 2 Zone 2,
watersheds Tadian 5 kms. 30,000,000.00
8. Implementation of Tadian Batangan Municipal
Ordinance wide Lot Lot 25,000,000.00
9. Construction of watch tower buildings Zone 1, 2 &
at Zone 1, 2 & 3 3 3 Units 15,000,000.00
10. Provision of fire fightingequipments
for Tadian Municipality
a. Fire truck, 2000 liters capacity with
complete accessory, long hose, etc. 2 Unit 10,000,000.00
b. Water truck, 2,400 liters capacity 4 Units 6,400,000.00
c. Portable fire pump, kawasaki 5HP
diesel 3 Units 30,000.00
d. Knapsack sprayers 190 Units 570,000.00
e. Firefighter helmet with accessories:
eyewear, body cam and flashlight
120 pcs. 3,000,000.00
f. Fire coat and trousers 120 pairs 4,065,000.00
g. Firefighting boots 120 pairs 600,000.00
h. Fire fighting gloves 120 pairs 306,000.00
i. Gas mask 120 units 1,200,000.00
j. Safteygoogles, smoke resistant 120 pcs. 178,200.00
k. Fire swatter 120 pcs. 144,000.00
C. Solid Waste Management
1. Construction of Municipal MRF Access Cabunagan,
Road Balaoa 500 meters 5,000,000.00
Lubon,
Masla,
Sumadel,
Poblacion,
2. Construction of 9 barangay Material
Kayan 9 Units 13,500,000.00
Recovery Facilities
West, Tue,
Dacudac,
Pandayan,
Cagubatan
3. Construction of Access road to the
Municipal Engineered Sanitary Land fill
Bunga 9 kms. 225,000,000.00
4. Establishment / Construction of Tadian
Municipal Engineered Sanitary Landfill
with complete accessories Bunga 1 Unit 100,000,000.00
Sub-Total 1,678,993,200.00
II. AGRICULTURAL AND ECONOMIC
COMPONENT
A. Access to the Rice Terraces
A.1. Farm to Market Roads
1. Rehabilitation of Tadian-Sumadel- Zone 2,
Nacawang Road Tadian 16 kms. 720,000,000.00
2. Improvement of Nacawang-Mabalite
Road Mabalite 7.5 kms. 200,000,000.00
3. Improvement of Ilang Road Batayan 2 kms. 40,000,000.00
Sumadel,
4. Construction of Sumadel-Duagan FMR Duagan 2.5 kms. 75,000,000.00

Page 19 of 27
5. Improvement of Masla-Duagan-Nabitic
Road Duagan 3.5 kms. 105,000,000.00
6. Improvement of Labayan FMR Masla 1.5 kms. 25,000,000.00
7. Improvement of LubonBilig FMR Lubon 2.5 kms. 75,000,000.00
8. Construction of Kayan East-Dacoog-
Anayed FMR Kayan East 4 kms. 100,000,000.00
9. Improvement of Bunga FMR Bunga 1.5 kms. 25,000,000.00
10. Improvement of Tue-Dinaycong FMR Tue 1.5 kms. 25,000,000.00
11. Improvement of Poblacion-Luagan
FMR Poblacion 1.5 kms. 25,000,000.00
12. Construction of Tue-Danao- Tue,
Cagubatan FMR Cagubatan 6 kms. 240,000,000.00
13. Construction of Pandayan-Gawaan Pandayan,
FMR Banaao 2 kms. 60,000,000.00
Banaao,
14. Improvement of Banaao-Opit FMR Lenga 2.5 kms. 80,000,000.00
15. Improvement of Lenga-Cadad-anan Lenga,
FMR Cadad-anan 3 kms. 100,000,000.00
16. Improvement of Banata-Madange
FMR Dacudac 2 kms. 40,000,000.00
17. Improvement of Pasnadan FMR Dacudac 5 kms. 80,000,000.00
18. Rehabilitation / improvement of Poblacion,
Kayan-Gidao-Lengao FMR Kayan 5 kms. 150,000,000.00
19. Improvement of Paliwa-Lubon FMR Lubon 3 kms. 100,000,000.00
20. Construction of Labayan-Toon-Gau
FMR Masla 8 kms. 240,000,000.00
21. Construction of Bantey-Laglag-Maket-
an FMR Bantey 5 kms. 200,000,000.00
22. Improvement of Labnakan FMR Tue 2 kms. 40,000,000.00
23. Improvement of Lenga FMR Lenga 1 kms. 20,000,000.00
A.2. Farm to Market Pathways,
Footbridges and Tramlines
1. Improvement of Farm to Market
Pathways in support to the rice terraces Municipal
access wide 57 kms. 68,400,000.00
20 Units, 450
Municipal
2. Construction of Footbridges meters 11,000,000.00
wide
Footbridges
3. Construction of Tram Lines
a. Construction of Biliig-Masapa Tramline Lubon 1 unit 3,000,000.00
b. Construction of Monaya-Banggao
Tramline Masla 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
c. Construction of Banaao Tramline Banaao 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
d. Construction of Lenga Tramline Lenga 1 Unit 2,500,000.00
e. Construction of Maket-an- Abungo
Tramline Bantey 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
f. Construction of Dacoog Tramline Poblacion 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
g. Construction of Guab Tramline Poblacion 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
h. Construction of Sileg Tramline Balaoa 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
i. Construction of Tue Tramline Tue 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
A.3. Cable Cars
1. Construction of Bantey-Abongo-Maket-
an Cable Car Bantey 1.5 kms. 37,500,000.00
2. Poblacion-Kayan West-Tue-Cagubatan
Cable Car Tadian 3.5 kms. 87,500,000.00
3. Poblacion-Lubon-Masla-Batayan Cable
Car Tadian 4 kms. 100,000,000.00
Page 20 of 27
4. Cadad-anan-Mogao Cable Car Pandayan,
Cadad-anan 1.5 kms. 37,500,000.00
A.4. Construction of Airport and
Heliport
1. Construction and estblishment of
airport with complete accessories and its
access road Bunga 1 unit 1,500,000,000.00
2. Construction and establishment of
heliport with complete accessories and its
access road Poblacion 1 Unit 500,000,000.00
B. Irrigation Systems
B.1. Spring Development (SD)
1. Legleg-Kudakud SD Poblacion 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
2. Am-o SD Poblacion 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
3. Kayan East SD Kayan East 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
4. Baguingey-Batad SD Lubon 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
5. Nabaneng-Nabas-ang SD Lubon 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
6. Maliig-Buo-Ububanan SD Sumadel 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
7. Momog-Wakes SD Masla 1 Unit 2,500,000.00
8. Imbaba SD Banaao 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
9. Pingaw-Lamlamot SD Cadad-anan 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
10. Imbaba SD Banaao 1 Unit 2,500,000.00
11. Anggobing SD Balaoa 1 Unit 2,200,000.00
12. Kayan West SD Kayan West 1 Unit 1,750,000.00
13. Busi-Nabaku SD Masla 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
14. Labayan-Locoong SD Pandayan 1 Unit 2,000,000.00
15. Wawalitan SD Poblacion 1 Unit 1,800,000.00
B.2. Construction of Diversion dam
(DD) / Rehabilitation /construction of
CIS
1. Mangse-Akan- Sabiyan DD/CIS Poblacion 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
2. Akan CIS Poblacion 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
3. Madanat DD /CIS Balaoa 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
4. Sileg-Mainglay-Napo CIS Balaoa 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
5. Camiling-Cabunagan CIS Balaoa 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
6. Matikid-Baang-Kawayan-Magidap
3,000,000.00
DD/CIS Tue 1 Unit
7. Kadogen-Pakawan DD/CIS Tue 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
8. Pey-asan-Bago DD/CIS Balaoa, Tue 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
9. Bunga DD/CIS Bunga 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
10. Tumbaga DD/CIS Bunga 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
11. Bunga-Natukleng DD/CIS Bunga 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
12. Lungog DD/CIS Kayan West 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
13. Palinaaw-Mangidap DD/CIS Tue 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
14. Dacoog DD/CIS Kayan East 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
15. Pasnadan DD/CIS Dacudac 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
16. Pagang-Gumanab DD/CIS Lenga 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
Lenga,
17. Pey-asan-Ganak DD/CIS 3,000,000.00
banaao 1 Unit
Lenga,
18. Sakyay-Taao DD/CIS 3,000,000.00
banaao 1 Unit
19. Pitlak-Apapan DD/CIS Cagubatan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
20. Panta-Taipey DD/CIS Cagubatan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
21. Patugaw-Akdangan DD/CIS Cagubatan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
22. Ab - Payaw DD/CIS Pandayan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00

Page 21 of 27
23. Lawed-Awanang DD/CIS Dacudac 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
Lenga,
24. Mamboo-Opit-Kamonggan 3,000,000.00
Dacudac 1 Unit
25. Asiyey-Tanggawan DD/CIS Banaao 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
26. Asiyey DD/CIS Dacudac 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
27. Abit DD / CIS Cagubatan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
28. Bu-o - Nanpiling DD/CIS Cagubatan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
29. Tukod-Lamut CIS Dacudac 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
30. Balili CIS Lubon 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
31. Nabaneng-Nabas-ang CIS Lubon 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
33. Lubon DD/CIS Lubon 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
34. Padoki-Wanga DD/CIS Lubon 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
35. Tungyob DD/CIS Duagan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
36. Maagakong-Lutob-Baay DD/CIS Duagan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
37. Maliig-Buo-Ububanan CIS Batayan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
38. Abungo DD/CIS Bantey 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
39. Subukan-Secgayan-Layogan DD/CIS Bantey 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
40. Bantey DD/CIS Bantey 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
41. Sumadel DD/CIS Sumadel 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
42. Awweng-An-ani DD/CIS Sumadel 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
43. Busi-Nabaku CIS Masla 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
44. Dasay-Wagilas DD/CIS Masla 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
45. Daowan DD/CIS Masla 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
46. Banbanto - Batayan DD/CIS Batayan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
47. Guinabang DD/CIS Mabalite 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
B.3. Construction / Establishment of
Mini Hydro Power Plant
1. Decapan / Decapeo Cascading Mini Lubon, 950,000,000.00
Hydro Power Plant Masla 1 unit
2. Mainglay-Kalakaban Mini Hydro Power
500,000,000.00
Plant Tue, Balaoa 1 Unit
3. Abit Mini Hydro Power Plant Pandayan, 600,000,000.00
Cagubatan 1 Unit
C. Research Station/ Training Center /
Trading Center
1. Construction / Establishment of
Research Outreach Station (WESTCORD Bunga 1 Unit 300,000,000.00
CARES FOR ME) with building and
facilities
2. Completion of Tadian Trading Center
cum Training Center (Completion of the Poblacion 1 Unit 20,000,000.00
2nd floor and construction of the 3rd &
4th floor)
3. Construction of 4 storey Tadian Public
Poblacion 1 unit 30,000,000.00
Market
4. Construction of 4 storey IP Cultural and
Poblacion 1 Unit 30,000,000.00
Livelihood Training Center
5. Construction and establishment of
Poblacion 1 Unit 20,000,000.00
Tadian weather station
6. Establishment of Municipal IP
lot lot 150,000,000.00
Information System
D. Provision of Alternative Livelihood
Municipal
1. Rice-Fish Farming Production wide 1,000,000.00

Page 22 of 27
 Municipal
2. Muscovado Production and Processing wide 3,000,000.00
Municipal
3. Backyard Swine Raising wide 1,000,000.00
4. Mushroom Production and Processing Municipal
wide 500,000.00
Municipal
5. Free Range Chicken Production wide 500,000.00
Municipal
6. Backyard Goat Raising wide 500,000.00
Masla,
7. Establishment of dairy farm Mabalite, 4 units 10,000,000.00
Kayan West
and Bunga
Municipal
8. Provision of IP Livelihhod Program 200,000,000.00
wide
E. Provision of Production and Post
Harvest Animals, Facitlities and
Equipment
Municipal
1. Carabao Dispersal as draft animal Wide 100 heads 3,500,000.00
19
2. Diesel Powered multitiller barangays 25 Units 5,000,000.00
3. Solar powered rice tresher machine 19
with accessories barangays 19 Units 12,500,000.00
Municipal
4. Multipurpose drying pavement wide 19 Units 12,350,000.00
Municipal
5. Provision of rice milling machine wide 10 Units 8,000,000.00
Sub-Total 8,148,000,000.00
III. SOCIO-CULTURAL AND SUPPORT
COMPONENT
1. Conduct Research and Documentation
of the IKSP on rice farming and
500,000.00
production and the culture bearers
(elders)
2. Enhacement of Ayyoweng di Lambak
Festival for promotion and IEC (Per year
Basis) 3,000,000.00
3. Implementation / Conduct of school of
living traditions in coordination with 2,000,000.00
DepEd and schools

4. Enhancement of the council of elders

through organizing and meetings
500,000.00
5. Conduct of skills /cultural training for
the youth such as stone walling, and
others 3,000,000.00
6. Organization of the Municipal Rice
Terraces Advisory Council 100,000.00
7. Enhancement / organization of the
Tadian Municipal Batangan (Watershed)
Management Council 100,000.00
8. Improvement of Tadian Central
Multipurpose Cultural Center / Ground Poblacion 1 Unit 25,000,000.00
9. Conduct of begnas by 19 indigenous 19
communities of Tadian barangays lot lot 950,000.00
10. Conduct of yearly rice farmers Municipal
congress wide lot lot 100,000.00

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11. Enactment of a comprehensive
ordinance on the Rice Terraces 100,000.00
12. Construction / Rehabilitation /
improvement / Expansion of Domestic 19
Water Supply barangays 19 Units 57,000,000.00
19
13. Improvement of Tribal Centers barangays 19 Units 60,000,000.00
14. Construction of Ngadangad Tourism
View Deck with access trail Poblacion 1 Unit 5,000,000.00
15. Construction of Mogao Tourism View Pandayan ,
Deck with access trail Cagubatan 1 Unit 10,000,000.00
16. Construction of Tourism View Deck Cadad-anan 2 Units 6,000,000.00
17. Construction of Tourism View Deck Lenga 2 Units 6,000,000.00
18. Construction of Tourism View Deck Poblacion 2 Unit 6,000,000.00
19. Construction of Tourism View Deck Kayan East 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
20. Construction of Tourism View Deck Bunga 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
21. Construction of Tourism View Deck Lubon 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
22. Construction of Tourism View Deck Masla 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
23. Construction of Tourism View Deck Duagan 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
24. Construction of Tourism View Deck Bantey 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
25. Construction of Tourism View Deck Mabalite 1 Unit 3,000,000.00
Sub-Total 173,350,000.00
TOTALS 10,000,343,200.00

IX. IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS

The programs, projects and activities in this proposal will be implemented through a
harmonized IP Traditional ways and Local Planning Process arrangement in the sense that
the IP Traditions comes in when decision making is required and during monitoring of
project implementation while the execution efforts will be more lodged in the Local
Government Unit whose officials and employees are all IPs. Thus, all the processes shall
always enforce the values of Participation, Transparency and Accountability. As such, the
implementation structure as to key players and their roles will be as follows;

1. Funding Agency shall directly act as overseer of the whole implementation

process and shall be responsible to:

a. By way of its standard procedures, assign a team to act as Coordinator/s or

Facilitator/s who are tasked in monitoring and providing technical assistance
and capability building to MLGU staff and other Community Stakeholders,
and in monitoring and evaluating the performance and compliance of the
municipality and its participating barangays in the implementation of the
Program,

b. Provide grant allocations for validated sub-program, and sub-projects as

enumerated in this proposal.

2. Municipal Local Government Unit of Tadian, Mountain Province which shall

deliver the following roles;

a. Implement the downloaded Programs, project and activities (PPAs) following

what is stipulated in the memorandum of agreement that shall entered into.

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 b. Assist and monitor the implementation of PPAs that will not be down loaded
to the municipality as part of the implementation protocol.

c. Enforce relevant ordinances, executive orders and/or resolutions in support

of harmonized IP-driven development and Local Planning Process to ensure
the application of People’s Participation, Transparency, and Social
Accountability, and development and implementation of strategies to
mainstream the same in LGU development planning and poverty reduction
programs, plans, and activities (PPAs),

d. Allocation of local counterpart funds as needed,

e. Strengthen the functionality of the Local Bodies to provide support to the

program from time to time such as Legislative – Executive Advisory
Development Council (LEADC), Municipal Project Monitoring Committee
which include representation of CSOs in the composition,

f. Designating an Indigenous People’s (IP) Focal Person who will ensure

integration of IP Responsiveness in Project Implementation,

g. Designating a Gender and Development (GAD) Focal Person who will

ensure integration of Gender Sensitivity and Gender Responsiveness in
Project Implementation,

h. Designating / Directing the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Officer

to ensure that DRR concerns are integrated in the project designs,

i. NGO and PO accreditation for Operation and Maintenance Group;

j. Establish a Municipal Trust Funds Account where all municipal cash

contributions are deposited.

3. The Municipal Agriculture and Fishery Council, Municipal Rice Terraces

Advisory Council or similar special body as partners of the MPMC in the
monitoring of funded projects and monitoring of the same on its operation and
maintenance.

4. The Barangay Governments of Tadian who are the co-implementers, co-

counterpart providers, and co-overseers of the project implementation. As such,
the BLGUs shall deliver it roles to include commitment of support for IP – Driven
Development Initiatives. The functionalization and strengthening of the
Barangay Agriculture and Fishery Councils.

5. The Rice Farmers’ Organizations. These are identified during Barangay

Assemblies and are authorized to be members in the Local Development
Councils (LDCs) and other special bodies in the Municipal Local Government
Unit (MLGU) and Barangay Local Government Units (BLGUs) who shall be
involved in the Local Development Planning, Budget Approval, Budget
Execution, and Performance Assessment

6. The NCIP Filed Office, in coordination with the Municipal IP Focal Person, as
overseers of the processes to compliance of the IPRA Law provisions.

While this Program Proposal is being implemented, it will harmonize with the Public
Financial Management Improvement Plan (PFMIP) of Tadian LGU of which aims to
improve its weakness on the Lack of CSO Participation in the Monitoring of Programs,
Projects, and Activities (PPAs). By enhancing the CSO/PO participation to include IP
representatives in the process, the LGU shall be completely comply with the assessment
parameters set forth by the DBM and DILG.

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 In order to closely monitor the implementation of the planned activities in this
program proposal, the Municipal Project Monitoring Committee (which is composed of
Social, Technical, and Finance representatives from the LGU together with CSOs/POs) in
coordination with the Municipal IP Representative will conduct regular meetings and
conduct project monitoring in all the barangays to ensure proper implementation.

With this endeavor, the Project monitoring activities will be put as a regular activity
of the LGU leading also to active involvement of Civil Society Organizations and IP groups
in project implementation.

The result of the monitoring activities will be consolidated and be regularly

forwarded to the Funding Agency’s monitoring and evaluation unit who will also
subsequently forward the same to the Head of the Agency.

X. SUSTAINABILITY PROJECTION

As a realization of this proposal, the existing bodies / councils shall be

strengthened. Through the facilitation of the Municipal Agriculture Office, the Municipal
Agriculture and Fishery Council (MFC) shall sustain its functionality. The composition of
which shall be 40% from the MLGU and 60% shall come from the Farmers Organizations.
The Chairperson is strictly be a representative from the Farmers’ Organization who is
selected by them. The Chairperson of the MAFC shall be sent as member to the Municipal
Development Council. In the barangay level, the Barangay Agriculture and Fishery Council
should also be functional all the time.

The Municipal Rice Terraces Advisory Council shall be organized to cater for the
development, protection and conservation of the rice terraces and its component in the
municipality.

Since the project proposal “Rehabilitation of the Rice Terraces” correlates with
Farmers, Farmlands, Forest, Waters and Weather, some other Councils like Solid Waste
Management Board, Water Management Council, Municipal Tourism Council, MDRRMC
shall function religiously for purposes of inter-office and inter-council leveling off for the
sustainability of this program proposal and to ensure functionality and efficiency of
completed sub-projects.

For purpose of ensuring the operation and maintenance of completed sub-projects

as enumerated in this proposal, the Municipal Project Monitoring Committee (MPMC) shall
be reconstituted and strengthened to include other necessary memberships such as the IP
groups and others to be able to seriously enforce its mandate.

Besides all, the material gains from the realized sub-projects in this proposal should
be transformed into new knowledge that shall contribute to agriculture productivity
especially on rice production. The effect of the rehabilitation of the stated abandoned or
idled rice production areas of Tadian shall constitute additional local rice production of 20%
thus the computed 63% 2017 rice sufficiency shall increase to 83% per year. This vital
project impact shall entail in-depth information transfer to the IPs especially the
millennial inhabitants to engage themselves in rice farming and other crop
production utilizing the stair like rice lands of their own mountainsides.

There is also a need to strengthen the partnership with the DTI in coordination with
the Local Business Organizations to ensure that the market of locally produced rice are
regulated.

Moreover, the sustainability of the watersheds that give life to the rice terraces
should be safeguarded. Some major relevant measures to ensure sustainability of the
Forests and Watersheds are Environmental Code; Batangan Code; Tourism Code which
are already in effect. The full implementation of the Forest Land Use Plan is also counted
as opportunity to this proposal.

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 Finally, the Zoning Ordinance that is on its final approval this 2019 is a great
strength to safeguard the devoted lands for agriculture especially the rice production areas
from conversion into other land uses.

Prepared by: Recommending Approval:

PERIAM A. BENANA JOVENCIO C. PALINGPING

Planning Officer II MPDC

Approved and Submitted by:

CONSTITO S. MASWENG
Municipal Mayor

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