Senior High School Department

"Tara, usap tayo": Awareness of Mental Health Status among SHS teachers in a

Philippine University.

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in

INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION AND IMMERSION

Submitted by:

HUMSS 12-02

Group #1

Members:

Bradecina, Bianca Mae R.

Buhay, Timothy L.

Buñales, John Kenneth Louis F.

Cabañero, Janna Mae F.

Cabello, Jerry Gian

Cardiño, Sheena O.

Submitted to:

Ms. Marianne L. Cuarto

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………… iii
Acknowledgment……………………………………………………………………….v
Ethical Considerations………………………………………………………………...vii
Chapter I: Introduction………………………………………………………………. 1
 Background of the Study
 Research Objectives
 Significance of the Study
 Review of Related Literature
o Mental Health
o Mental Health of Teachers
o Awareness of Teachers towards their Mental Health
 Synthesis
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Scope and Limitation

Chapter II: Methodology……………………………………………………….13

 Research Site
 Respondents of the Study
 Research Design and Data Collection
 Data Analysis
 Research Instrument
o Appendix

Chapter III: Results and Discussion…………………………………………………..19

Chapter IV: Conclusion and Recommendation………………………………………
BIBLIOGRAPHY/ LITERSTURE CITED-------------------------
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ABSTRACT

This research study probes the state of the teachers’ mental health in a Philippine

University based on several factors that could affect them. It also aims to assess each

teacher’s own perception towards it and their possible recommendations on dealing with

these mental health issues. The study is based on the Social Cognitive Theory of Depression

by Albert Bandura. Furthermore, the study is affirmed by applying related literatures and

data garnered from the internet.

In order to verify the objectives and the questions of the study, the researchers

orchestrated questionnaires, namely the study uses two adopted questionnaires namely,

Primary Health care Questionnaire #9 (PHQ#9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7).

The third part served as the questionnaire generated by the researchers themselves that

explored the teachers’ mental health and some of their recommendations about their mental

health. It was rated by 55 respondents who were randomly selected.

With all the accumulated data results using the Lickert scale test and the measurement

of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 tests the researchers conclude that huge percentage of the Senior

High School teachers from the University of Perpetual Help System- DALTA Molino are

less affected with mental health issues such as Depression and Anxiety which is a positive

outcome. On the other hand, results also shows a highly optimistic recommendation approach
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by the teachers’ in dealing mental health problems such as health promotion in the faculty

and seeking advice from experts during times of needs.

The researchers do recommend accuracy of the test questionnaires and additional

topics to be answered for the next, future researchers that will dwell in the said study.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

As what the famous philosopher Socrates said, an unexamined life is not worth living.

This particular quote of him serves as a big inspiration towards finding more beyond the

obvious. Hence, embodying the essence of a research wherein, the importance of being

accompanied by knowledgeable personalities is likely to ensure a far more accurate and

concrete results. Bearing this in mind, the researchers would like to express their full

gratitude towards the following people:

First of all, the researchers would like to give our full gratitude to the humble creator

of everything, Our Almighty God whom accompanied them through giving us all the

initiative to work on full force with each other. With His Guidance, the researchers were

able to finish the whole paper through intensive patience, maximizing the available resources

and bridging the knowledge of the members.

On the top of the success of their group, the researchers would like to thank Ms.

Marianne L. Cuarto, LPT, their Subject teacher, whom by any means, expressed her full

support in giving us the will to pursue to finish our research through multiple times of

consultation that leads to revision that corrected the researcher’s mistakes which made our

study far better. Also, the researchers greatly appreciate the advices and the corrections of

the teachers who serve as the panelist of the researchers’ paper including Mr. Joshua Roxas,

Ms. Claire Ann Pangilinan and Ms. Marianne Cuarto as their validators for their adopted

questionnaire.
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Moreover, the research would like to commend their Adviser, Mr. Verbie June Apigo

for giving us the guidance in pursuing our research as well as accomplishing the importance

of this research in the field of Research.

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ETHICAL CONSIDERATION

This study is intended to find out the state of the respondents’ mental health and their

awareness about it. Considering, the researchers respectfully requested their engagement by

filling out the interview forms and answering the interview questions. The researchers

guarantee that the information revealed here shall not be used for any purposes except for the

ones mentioned above.

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Chapter 1: Introduction

A. Background of the Study

Mental health pertains to our emotional, psychological and social well being.

It greatly affects the feeling, way of thinking and how a person acts (mentalhealth.gov,

2017). With this, mental health is considered as one of the most important aspects of life as it

serves as the main trajectory of the flow of our behavior and the way we perceive on things.

Given this instance, we could clearly derive that identifying the state of our mental health is

one of the things that we consider in a workplace.

School is indeed a place that is filled with activities that aims to offer the knowledge.

However, such activities may cause issues about the mental health of its people. However,

students are not the only ones that must address their problems. The same goes for the

educators as well. In fact, lots of reports abroad show that most of the teachers are

undergoing mental health issues.

Based on a National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers

(NASUWT) survey conducted on 2016, 67% of the teachers stated that their job affected not

only their physical health but also their mental health as well (Busch and Jeavons, 2016).

Such mental problems could be seen in many aspects including its impact to the students as

well as the way they feel about their job. Based on the survey that was conducted by ESP
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on 2017, Out of 1250 education professionals, 36% felt that it impacted their student’s

studies and 72% of them feels that they don’t receive sufficient guidance about their work. A

recent study conducted by Leeds Beckett University at Britain, more than half of their

teachers has been diagnosed with a mental health problem. They found out that it is not only

the growing financial pressures are the cause of the occurrence of such problems (Bulman

2018).

Teachers serve as the pillar of the education of the upcoming generation.

Therefore, the society must give more attention to their mental health as it could clearly

affect their performance. This research study would provide results that will assess and raise

their awareness regarding to their mental health.

B. Research Objectives

The study specifically aims:

▪To assess the state of teacher’s mental health, based on anxiety and depression level

▪To identify teachers’ perceptions toward mental health

▪To give recommendations on possible issues encountered by respondents

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C. Significance of the Study

This research will be of great use for the researchers as well as the teaching

community as the results that we would gather will be an efficient way to assess the mental

health condition of the teachers. This study would help the students to acquire data about the

state of the mental health of their educators. It would also help the Parents/ Guardians to

assure the University’s teachers capability of handling such issues as well as ensuring that the

students’ productive would not be affected. This research would also increase the awareness

of teacher’s about the occurrence of such issues. Lastly, this research would be a significant

tool for the School Admins to gather recommendations on the particular programs that the

teachers prefer in order to guaranty the efficiency of the University’s learning environment as

well as their Faculties Mental Health..

D. Review of Related Literature

This section will tackle about different categories pertaining to our study that is all about

teacher’s Mental health awareness. It is composed of articles related to the said topic to have

a broader look on this issue.

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I. Mental Health

Mental health stands for the health of the mind, “The wholesomeness of mind”,

analogous to the wholesomeness of the body as implicit in physical health. Accordingly,

mental health is concerned with the health of one’s mind and its functioning in the same way

as the physical health is concerned with the health of one’s physical organs and their

functioning (Gorsy,Kumar,& Panwar, 2012). A group of researchers have been found in

relation with our study about teacher's mental health. As other people experience emotions,

so are the teachers because they also have senses as a social wellbeing especially with the

work that they do that could really trigger their Mental health. Being an educator is not an

easy occupation for it covers aspects of your human body such as emotions and mental

capacity. Awareness of one’s mental health is a must for we do not sometimes feel its effects.

On the other side, Mental health is also defined to be a “state of well-being in which

every individual realizes his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life,

can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her

community” (WHO, 2010). In relation to the study, it is said that an individual can be

mentally affected with stress that is around his/her environment which is a big factor to a

person’s mental health. To the teachers, they have a broad community where they belong to

and face a lot of different instances in their everyday lives and especially to their work.
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Having issues within a person’s mental health is very alarming for the society because

it is a serious case and it can result into dangerous results such as suicides and mental

breakdowns due to severe mental health disorders triggered by several kinds of factors.

II .Mental Health of Teachers

Some cases show severe effects such us teaches having clinical depressions and

other worst stress traumatic disorders. Same goes with teachers in the United Kingdom have

been also diagnosed with mental health problems Surveys made by the Leeds Beckett

University shows that many teachers are on the verge of “not going on” because of excessive

workloads. Also. it shows that they have problems in behavior management with some

having lower levels of tolerance and being quick to anger (Bulman, 2018).

However, as claimed by the Penn State University, their report shows 4 main

sources of stress among teachers which are; Environmental Climate pertaining to the

atmosphere of their school, colleagues, and the students. Second is increasing job demands

and dwindling autonomy wherein the pace of their work increases and the autonomy they

have over teaching material is limited. Lastly is the limited social and emotional competence

because some of them has limited training to support and manage their growing stressors

(Hougan, 2018).

Another grieving case of these phenomena happened in the Philippines in where a high

school teacher committed suicide out of depression due to workloads, paper works, work
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pressure, professional relationship, and working environments which are considered to be big

factors of stressors (Reyes, 2018). Many of the teachers have these feeling of being “burned-

out” of everything. Because of great mental illness it also affect the physical body causing it

to decline by being weak and, lack of sleep, and over-exhaustion, which is really unhealthy

for teachers and for each and every individual.

Kumar’s 1992 study, (as cited in Gorsy,Kumar,& Panwar, 2012) observed that if a

teacher is with bad mental health it not only tends to incapacitate himself/ herself for the

performance of his/her multiple duties in school but also creates difficulties and problem for

his/her students. A study by Kaur (2007) investigates occupational stress, mental health and

coping resources of high and higher secondary school teachers and their relationship. The

results revealed that sometimes teachers feel stressed due to role overload, responsibilities

and physical stressors present in school. Whereas, teachers those who are mentally healthy

use coping resources to combat the effect of occupational stress.

They use recreational activities such as watching T.V., listening to music, getting

social support from friends to relief from mental tensions, etc. The result also indicated that

correlation between occupational stress and mental health is negative. Occupational stress

and coping resources also tend to be negative.

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II. Awareness of Teachers towards their Mental health

According to Toppo (2017), more than half of the educators in the United States points out

that their Mental health is an issue stating that it is unstable for already more than a week

which results into declining of their Mental health due to job stress. Supporting findings

reveals that 61% of educators, as well as school staff, say their work “always” or “often”

stressful. They also don't appear to get much sleep: Only one in five (18%) get eight or more

hours of sleep per night. The vast majority (78%) manage five to seven hours a night. It

really shows that their job is challenging and very preoccupying.

A recent study from Brazil shows the perception of teachers towards mental health is

related to the balance between mind and body, as a requirement for happiness. Most of the

teachers (80.6%) showed great interest in acquiring knowledge about mental health and

receiving educational materials on the subject because they themselves has been

encountering mental health for these teachers, the lack of information creates insecurity and

complicates the management of everyday situations involving mental disorders. For 61.3% of

the teachers, television is the medium that provides the most information on the topic.

Some worst cases are not only the teachers are aware of their mental health state, but

they are already suffering from it, they are in crisis and seeks support for it (Stanley, 2018).

There are teachers in the US that came towards counselors for help regarding their rising

ailment. This continued to increase by 35%, from 2,321 to 3,136. Most of them realize the

stress of the job had got too much. Many are already burn-out and exhausted.
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Synthesis

This study clearly shows the aspect of the mental health itself as defined to be the the

“wholesomeness of mind” (Gorsy,Kumar,& Panwar, 2012). A part of the human body

system that is less noticed but is really prevalent to many especially too those who are

involved in work as for example as teachers who are the focal point of our paper. Interested

with their way of life as educators and wanting to know the state of their health men because

many of them are being affected with its problems like stress from their work (Hougan,

2018). They are ware of course about this occurrence because they can feel it and it is not

great for them, it bothers them mentally and it affects their performance. They know that is

due to job stress (Toppo, 2017) and many more elements. The Related articles and literatures

that we gathered can support our study however, they are mostly produced abroad that serves

as a gap since our study would be much better if there are more studies that are conducted

locally.

The main gap in this study is that most of the articles that pertains to teacher’s mental

health were conducted and was produced abroad. Thus, local studies are very few. This is the

reason why the local sources of information in this study is relatively limited.
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E. Theoretical Framework

The study is supported with the Social Cognitive of Theory of Depression by

Psychologist Albert Bandura. It implies that people are shaped by the interactions between

their behaviors, thoughts, and environment which in relation to the study, fits well with the

situation of the respondents and with the objectives pertaining to teacher’s mental health

assessment.

In addition, each piece in the puzzle can and does affect the shape of the other pieces.

Human behavior ends up being largely a product of learning. This learning can happen

through observation, as well as through direct experience. As a part of the teacher’s job, they

are immersed with interactions almost every day in their workplaces gaining a lot of

experiences that makes their mental health affected with several factors that could occur.

Bandura also pointed out that the self-concepts of people with depression are different

from those of people without depression. Those with depression tend to hold themselves

completely responsible for bad things in their lives and are full of self-blame. In contrast,

successes tend to get viewed as having been caused by external factors outside of the person's

control.

Furthermore, people with depression tend to have low levels of the belief that they are

capable of influencing their situation (known as self-efficacy). Because people with

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depression also have a flawed judgmental process, they tend to set their personal goals too

high, and then fall short of reaching them. Repeated failure further reduces feelings of their

feelings of not being able to change anything and leads to depression.

When individuals feel that they are mostly at the mercy of the environment and

cannot change their situation, they have an external locus of control, and a relatively low

sense of self-efficacy. To extend the above explanation, people with depression tend to have

an external locus of control and a low sense of self-esteem.

F. Conceptual Framework

Figure 1: Process of defining the state of teachers’ mental health.

The diagram above illustrates the foundation of the study with the supporting details and

concepts from the Theory used and with the objectives of the research namely the assessment

of the depression level, estimation of anxiety level, and the respondents’ recommendations
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on dealing with mental health that are parallel with their interaction, everyday experiences

,behavior and thoughts as stated in the theory through the research instrument that was used

in order to assess the state of the teachers’ mental health. Each part of the diagram shows the

relationship between variables in accordance to the main goal of the study

G. Scope and Limitation

This research will solely focus on assessing the state of teacher’s mental health

through adopting a depression and Anxiety Questionnaires. With that being said, the reasons

why such mental health issues occur will not be emphasized.

This research is only limited in our country as our main concern is assessing teachers

in a Philippine University. Furthermore, our research will only be conducted in the

University of Perpetual Help System DALTA Molino Campus. Therefore, the results and

recommendations that will be acquired are only limited to our research site. Conducting our

research in multiple universities could assess larger population of teachers that could also

produce more recommendation

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Chapter 2: Methodology

A. Research Site

This study was conducted at the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA-

Molino Campus specifically at the different specific faculty departments. The researchers

chose it as their research site due to the reason that it has many teachers that are newly hired

and has the experience that would sustain accurate results and recommendations. The

University had a variety of Senior High School faculties that highly sustained the number of

our respondents.

B. Respondents of the Study

The data collection of this study was obtained from the different faculty departments

of the Senior High School Department namely: Research, Filipino, Science, Mathematics ,

English, Social Sciences, Humanities, FCL, PEH, TVL, and Philosophy Departments. A

number of 5 teachers per each of the 11 departments mentioned was chosen that gathered up

a total of 40 respondents. The researchers have utilized the Simple Random as their sampling

method procedure. In the said procedure, the group of teachers were divided according to

their respective faculties and departments with still the same role and occupation.
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C. Research Design and Data Collection

The research study design was a descriptive quantitative research that described and

determined the assessing states of teachers’ mental health through survey that was given in

wide population. They conducted a survey that consists of 26 item questions which contained

scales that illustrates the degree of depression and anxiety.

D. Data Analysis

Data was analyzed with the evaluation of the scores by relating the scores of the

scales of depression severity: 0-4 none, 5-9 mild, 10-14 moderate, 15-19 moderately severe,

20-27 severe.

E. Research Instrument

The study uses two adopted questionnaires namely, Primary Health care

Questionnaire #9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaires which mainly focused on

identifying the state of the teachers’ mental health by means of knowing their depression and

Anxiety level. The third part served as the questionnaire generated by the researchers

themselves that explored the teachers’ mental health and some of their recommendations

about their mental health. Discovering some of their recommendation about coping with

issues about mental health is also the factors that we included in the study. With these three

factors represented, justifying the results would be possible.

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Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire (PRIME-MD

PHQ) or PHQ9 was developed by Drs. Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt

Kroenke whose purpose was to measure the depression level. While the other one, PHQ7 or

GAD7 was also developed by the same proponents, aim to measure the Anxiety level. The

survey Consists of 9 and 7 questions each to be rated at a scale of 0 - 3 with the 0 being "Not

at All" and 3 being "Nearly Every day". The last part consisted of 10 questions that aims to

explore their perceptions about mental health and the ways on how to cope up when

experiencing the such issue.

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Chapter 3: Results and Discussion

With the help of the adopted questionnaire Patient Health Questionnaire 9, the

measurement and usage of scales, data results indicate that 42% which is 23 out of 55

respondents are negative from depression which according to the scale, may not require

treatment. 27% of them have mild level of depression. According to healthline.com, persons

who are suffering from this level may cause loss interest of the activities you once liked,

changes in attitude as well as weight and lack of motivation. 25% of the respondents also

shows moderate level of this level. In this level, problems with self-esteem may experiences

reduced productivity, feelings of worthlessness, increased sensitivities and excessive

worrying. Based on the scale, they are recommended to use clinical judgement as the

symptoms’ duration are likely to be elongated and a functional Impairment might be

observed.

On the other hand, only 6% shows signs of moderately severe which shows that their

depression must be treated with either psychotherapy or medication. Lastly, there were no

respondents that shows severe depression level wherein, hallucinations, delusions and suicide

thoughts and behavior is evident. This level warrants an active treatment of both

psychotherapy and medication.

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Figure 2: Pie Chart of the Depression Level.

The majority of the findings means a positive effect as it was evident that most the

Senior High School teachers’ mental state are healthy.

For the assessment of teachers’ Anxiety Level, the researchers utilized General

Anxiety Disorder -7 to determine the outcome. After the careful analysis in the gathered data

and deriving the results from the scale, it was revealed that also 42% of the respondents are

free from anxiety issues but requires monitoring. The number of the respondents that shows

mild level of anxiety also garnered same significant result garnering a percentage of 42

percent. However, this percentage of people who are suffering from this level of anxiety is

not that much of alarming as it indicates the level of anxiety that we experience on a day to

day experience. One could experience an uneasy feeling in the stomach as well as minimal

increase in the pulse. According to Caba.org, this mild level of Anxiety might be beneficial

as it can increase our alertness in our surroundings.

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14% of the respondents have a Moderate Level of Anxiety. In this level, feels more

overwhelming, feeling nervous and agitated as well. Emotionally Speaking, a person may be

more sensitive and excited than normal but may also feel less confident. Being clinically

significant is a must in this Condition.

Lastly, only 2% of the respondents got a severe level of Anxiety. Persons who suffers

from this level may feel afraid, confused, agitated, withdrawn and may have a difficulty in

thinking clearly. In this level, an active treatment is required.

Figure 3: Pie Chart of the Anxiety Level.

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Furthermore, to assess the teachers’ awareness and recommendations concerning mental

health towards, questions from the third part research questionnaire which is generated

through the adaptation of Mental Health Awareness Survey from surveymonkey.co.uk

wherein, their knowledge and their perception on dealing with such issue were addressed.

Table #1: How knowledgeable are teachers about mental health?

LEVEL TOTAL

LIMITED KNOWLEDGE 5
ADEQUATE 12
KNOWLEDGEABLE 28
VERY KNOWLEDGEABLE 10

Note. The table above indicates the number of respondents who have limited, and

adequate knowledge and number of respondents who are knowledgeable and very

knowledgeable, very knowledgeable about mental health.

It is evident with this table above that the teachers have great knowledge regarding the

state of their mental health showing that they are not numb about it. They can feel it and they

are aware of it. It means that they can feel symptom of mental health ailments that could have

been triggered by several factors such as stress and anxiety.

Table #2: How does teachers describe their mental health as of now?

LEVEL TOTAL (out of 55)

STABLE 37
UNSTABLE 4
SLIGHTLY STABLE 12
EXTREMELY STABLE 1
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Note. The table number 2 shows the levels of how does teachers describe mental health by

choosing the levels stable, unstable, slightly stable and extremely stable base on their own

statuses.

On the other hand, most the respondent posted that they are stable with their mental

health having a number of 27. Stable in terms still managing their selves beyond huge

pressures.

Table #3: Do teachers know where to go whenever they’re suffering from mental
health issue?

CHOICES TOTAL

YES 54
NO 1

Note. The table number 3 indicates that majority of the respondents knows where they

will go whenever they’re suffering mental health issue and only one answered no.

Definitely that the respondents already know where to go in times of having issues

based on the number of answers and that is already given and obvious among them.

Table #4: Are teachers capable of managing their stress on their own?

CHOICES TOTAL

YES 54
NO 1
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Note. The table number 4 shows that majority of the respondents are capable of

managing their stress.

As part of that, as they can go to someone or the somewhere in times of being down,

they are also capable of managing these issues. As what it is shown in Question #2 that

because their stability of mental health, it is also parallel with their capability of managing its

problems.

Table #5: How positive are teachers when it comes in dealing with their own mental
health?

SCALE Total No. of Answers (out of 55)

POSITIVE 15

VERY POSITIVE 22

EXTREMELY POSTIVE 17

Note. The table number 5 shows the answers of the respondents base on how they are

positive when it comes in dealing mental health.

Beyond all of these barriers and burdens that the teachers face, they are still optimistic

in dealing with it. Showing positivity in spite of difficulty in every situation, only shows that

they strong resiliency.

Table #6: Do teachers think that people around can help them in dealing with such
problems?

CHOICES TOTAL
YES 51
NO 4
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Note. The table number 6 indicates that majority of respondents think that people around

them can help and 4 of them didn’t think people can help them.

As what we can infer from the result above, majority of the teachers think that the people

that surrounds them can offer a big help in dealing with such problems. With that being said,

interaction among the professionals in the field could be derived as an efficient way in

dealing with such issue.

Table #7: How would teachers deal when it comes to sharing such problems?

CHOICES Total No. of Answers (out of 55)

Seek advice or assistance from a health 28
care provider
Keep the Illness secret in order to avoid 3
shame or embarrassment
Ignore it and hope that it goes away 1

Tell Colleagues about it and act normally 22

OTHERS 12

Note. The table number 7 shows the choices that suggests on what the respondents would do

when it comes to sharing problems.

As shown above, greater number of teachers suggested that seeking advice from health

care providers is an effective way of dealing such mental health problems. Second is telling

to colleagues about it that could imply that most of the teachers prefer to open up things to

their co-teacher that are so close to them, in other words they feel comfortable in sharing

such problems. The respondents also provided other ways on how they would deal in sharing

such problems. It includes: Praying/ talking to God, reading daily inspiration, sleeping,
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listening to music, painting, reading, seeking advice from the family, seeking company from

close friends, self-talk and mediation, keeping their selves busy, talking to someone they

trusted the most and lastly, having self-evaluation which is a great way in trying to know the

causes of the problem.

Table #8: Which is more prioritized in teachers work field?

CHOICES TOTAL
Mental Health 32
Physical Health 23
Note. The table number 8 shows that many respondents answered that Mental Health is more

prioritized than Physical Health in teachers work field.

Table #9: Do teachers think that their mental health must gain more attention than
their Physical Health?

CHOICES TOTAL
YES 49

NO 6

Note. The table number 9 indicates that their Mental health gained more attention than

their Physical Health.

For the Questions number 8 and 9, it is evident that Mental health us more prioritized

in the field of teaching as well as their working area. It is also stated that Mental health must

receive more attention than their physical health. This could be the result of the fact that a
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teacher with mental health problem can have a detrimental effect upon all of those students

who are associated with him or her (Miller, F. 1979).

Table #10: What doesteachers think of the most important way to raise the mental
health awareness in their workplace?

CHOICES Total No. of Answers (out of 55)

Screenings 7

Health promotion in the faculty 37

Creating awareness in high-risk cases 17

Counseling of high-risk awareness 17

Don’t know 0

Others 5

Note. The table number 10 states choices that may help the teachers to raise their mental

health awareness in their workplace.

Moreover, 37 respondents supplied with the health promotion in the faculty which is

a great answer that aims to spread positive vibes in their environment, eradicating negative

elements and raising everyone’s spirit. Awareness which is another thing that needs to be

implemented and practiced within their setting. Creating awareness in such cases as well as

counselling of high-risk awareness to be followed by conducting screening are the efficient

ways on raising their awareness on such issue. Five respondents answered others which

includes family building, counselling the teachers weekly, wellness activities, activities that

could help them and providing a program.

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Chapter 4: Conclusion and Recommendation

After a month of data gathering, the researchers successfully came up with the results.

In relation to our survey questionnaire, the presentation of the results is divided in to three

Based on the result that we gathered, most of the teachers from the University Of Perpetual

Help System Molino campus particularly in SHS department are free from depression and

anxiety. With that being said, it is evident that majority of the teachers have a stable mental

health. This also shows that the teaching environment in the university is in a good condition.

However, there are still teachers that needs more of attention in their mental health. Hence,

signaling the Universities Admins to implement action to keep them mentally stable. In

relation of the fact that still most of them are mentally healthy, they were able to give

recommendation from such issues that needs to be addressed to the ones having the mental

health issues that, would help reduce more cases in their working environment.

It could evidently be seen in the results that teachers have a stable and positive

rationale toward their own mental. This fact could be considered as the important basis on

deriving that teachers have a positive outlook in facing the said issue. Furthermore, this

research also successfully discerned that having an advice and assistance is the most efficient

way in dealing with mental health issue and promoting health in faculty as the most efficient
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way to raise the mental health awareness. This particular statement promotes not only the

way of combating the issue but more importantly, how vital a communication and

collaboration is in dealing with the arising issue of Mental health.

On the upper hand, the paper successfully gathered recommendations in dealing with

such problems. This includes their spiritual belief wherein, talking to God through praying

can be a good way in order to release their selves from such problems. Aside from that, the

paper also asserts that teachers combat such issue through doing their hobbies which in fact,

is a great way to keep themselves busy while having a good time. The concept of

“Intrapersonal Communication” through having self-evaluation also matters. Through this

evaluation, an in-depth analysis of the situation that they are in takes place which could

eventually lead them in answering the questions on what would be their next step after

identifying the reason on why they’re facing such problems.

Prevention is always better than Cure. As what the results of the paper suggests,

Counselling teachers in a weekly basis is a must. It would greatly help the school

administrators to monitor the stability of their educator’s mental health and treat the teachers

from the problem as early as possible. The paper also advises to conduct family building

activities. As what it implies, teachers would have a quality time with their family which

could help them in releasing their depression and anxiety. Lastly, having wellness activities

that improves teacher’s health holistically.

The main goal of the study that is embodied by the adopted survey questionnaire

which aims to assess the teachers’ mental health by means of assessing their anxiety and
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depression level. Even though the research successfully achieved such goal, there are still

more ways to be able to improve the outcome of this study. For the improvement of future

studies, the researchers suggest to construct more specific questions in their Survey forms.

This would help them to prevent confusion among the respondents as well as generating

more concise results. The researchers also propose to establish a time table considering the

fact that teachers have lots of activity. By doing such, the teachers would have more time to

answer the questionnaires. Lastly, conducting a research in other Universities is ideal due to

the reason that it could give the next researchers new results that would serve as a big leap

towards discovering the mental health status of teachers in a generalized context.

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Appendix

Part I. Personal Information/ Conforme

Name:

Sex: ____ Age: _____ Civil Status: __________

Degrees/Institutions obtained:

My signature would mean that I have understood the aims of this survey and I allow the
researchers to use my responses as part of the investigation. Likewise, I consent to the use of
my responses solely for research purposes and shall be assured that my identity shall not be
disclosed.

______________________________

Signature of Respondent
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Part II. This section attempts to determine your views of different aspects on levels of
metal health awareness of teacher. Check the box with your chosen response to the
question

I. Depression Test

Question Not Several More Nearly

at days than Everyday
all half
days
I have little interest or pleasure in doing things 0 1 2 3
I feel down, depressed, or hopeless 0 1 2 3
I have trouble falling or staying asleep, or 0 1 2 3
sleeping too much
I feel tired or having little energy. 0 1 2 3
I have a poor appetite, or I am overeating. 0 1 2 3
I feel bad about myself and letting my family 0 1 2 3
down.

It’s hard for me to concentrate on things, such

as reading the newspaper or watching 0 1 2 3
television.
I am moving or speaking so slowly that other
people already noticed.

I am so fidgety or restless that i have been

moving around a lot more than usual. 0 1 2 3

0 1 2 3
I have thoughts that I would be better off dead 0 1 2 3
or hurting myself.

Column Totals ______

+______+_______+______=____
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Adopted from the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire (PRIME-
MD PHQ). The PHQ9 was developed by Drs. Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt Kroenke
and colleagues. For research information, contact Dr. Spitzer at rls8@columbia.edu. PRIME-MD® is
a trademark of Pfizer Inc. Copyright© 1999 Pfizer Inc. All rights reserved.

II. Anxiety Test

Question Not Several More Nearly

at all days than Everyday
half
days
I feel nervous, anxious or on edge 0 1 2 3
I can’t stop or control worrying 0 1 2 3
I worry too much about different things 0 1 2 3
I have troubles in relaxing 0 1 2 3
I am so restless that it is hard to sit still 0 1 2 3
I am easily annoyed 0 1 2 3
I feel that something awful might happen 0 1 3 3

Column Totals ______

+______+_______+______=____

Adopted from the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire (PRIME-
MD PHQ). The PHQ was developed by Drs. Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt Kroenke
and colleagues. For research information, contact Dr. Spitzer at rls8@columbia.edu. PRIME-MD® is
a trademark of Pfizer Inc. Copyright© 1999 Pfizer Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced with
permission

III. Exploring Mental Health

1.) How knowledgeable are you about Mental health issue?

Limited Knowledge Adequate Knowledge Very
Knowledgeable

2.) How do you describe the state of your mental health as of now?
Stable Unstable Slightly Stable Extremely Unstable

3.) Do you know where to go whenever you’re suffering from mental health issue?
Yes No
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4.) Are you capable of managing stress on your own?

Yes No

5.) How positive are you when it comes in dealing with your own mental health?
Positive Very Positive Extremely Positive

6.) Do you think that people around you can help you in dealing with such problems?
Yes No

7.) How would you deal when it comes to sharing such problems?
Seek advice or assistance from a health care provider
Keep the illness secret in order to avoid shame or embarrassment
Ignore it and hope that it goes away
Tell Colleagues about it and act more normally
Others: _____________________________________________

8.) Which is more prioritized in your work field?

Mental Health Physical Health

9.) Do you think that the Mental health of teachers must gain more attention than
their physical health?
Yes No

10.) What do you think is the most important way to raise the mental health
awareness in your workplace?
Screenings Health promotion in the faculty Creating awareness in
high-risk cases
Counselling of high risk-cases Don’t Know Others _____________
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BIBLIOGRAPHY/ LITERATURE CITED:

 Pickens, I. (2015, September 9) The brief wondrous life of teachers' mental health.
Retrieved from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/revolutionary-
thoughts/201509/the-brief-wondrous-life-teachers-mental-health.

 Stanley, J. (2018, April 10) Teachers are at breaking point. It's time to push wellbeing
up the agenda. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-
network/2018/apr/10/teachers-are-at-breaking-point-its-time-to-push-wellbeing-up-
the-agenda

 Busch, B. & Jeavons, P. (2016, June 5) It's time for teachers to look after their mental
health. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-
network/2016/jun/05/teachers-five-ways-to-boost-mental-health-mindfulness

 Bulman, M. (2018, January 23) More than half of teachers have been diagnosed with
mental health issues, study shows. Retrieved from:
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-teachers-mental-health-
diagnose-issues-targets-education-school-pupils-exams-a8174101.html

 Smith, B. (2018, May 18) Does teaching have a detrimental effects on mental health?
Retrieved from: https://metro.co.uk/2018/05/18/does-teaching-have-a-detrimental-
effect-on-mental-health-7549894/#ampshare

 Toppo, G. (2017, October 29) Teachers' mental health declining amid job stress.
Retrieved fromhttps://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/10/30/survey-teachers-
mental-health-declining-amid-job-stress/811577001/

 Single, A. (2017, May 19) Why Teachers' Mental Health Is at Risk. Retrieved
from:https://themighty.com/2017/05/why-teachers-mental-health-is-at-risk/

 Miller, F. & Wiltse, M. (1979, September) Mental Health and the Teacher. Journal of
School Health, 49(7), 374-377. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1979.tb08096.x retrieved
from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1746-
1561.1979.tb08096.x?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
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