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Static
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1)

class Car{
private String name;
private String engine;
public static int numberOfCars;

public Car(String name,String engine){

this.name=name;
this.engine=engine;
numberOfCars++;
}
public static void setNumberOfCars(int numberOfCars){
Car.numberOfCars=numberOfCars;
}
//getters and setter
}

class abc{
public static void main(String args[]){
Car.setNumberOfCars(4);
System.out.println(Car.numberOfCars);
Car c1;

c1=new Car("Jaguar","v8");
System.out.println(Car.numberOfCars);

Car c2=new Car("Buggati","w16");

System.out.println(Car.numberOfCars);

Car c3=new Car("Oddi","Q5");

System.out.println(Car.numberOfCars);
}
}

// run =>java abc

// OUTPUT::
// 4
// 5
// 6
// 7

####################################################################
2)
class JavaExample{
private static String str="BegginerBook";
//Static class
static class MyNestedClass{
//non-ststic method
public void disp(){
System.out.println(str);
}
}
 public static void main(String args[])
{
JavaExample.MyNestedClass obj = new JavaExample.MyNestedClass();
obj.disp();
}
}

// OUTPUT::
// BegginerBook
####################################################################
3)
class test{
static int i;
int j;
static{
i=10;
System.out.println("static block called.");
}

test(){
System.out.println("Constructor called.");
}
}

class main{
public static void main(String[] args) {
test t1=new test();
test t2=new test();
}
}

// OUTPUT::
// static block called.
// Constructor called.
// Constructor called.
####################################################################
4)
class pass{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car c1=new Car("BMW");
System.out.println(""+c1.brand);
print(c1);
System.out.println(c1.brand);
}

public static void print (Car c1){

c1.brand="Maruti";
System.out.println(c1.brand);
}

private static class Car{

private String brand;
public Car(String brand)
{
this.brand=brand;
}
}
}
// OUTPUT::
// BMW
// Maruti
// Maruti