Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Consider a rectangular weir over which the water is flowing as shown in figure -
Let,
Let us consider a horizontal strip of water of thickness at a depth from the water surface as
shown in
figure.
Area of the strip =
We know that the theoretical velocity of water through the strip =
Discharge through the strip,
= Area of strip Theoretical Velocity
The total discharge, over the weir, may be found out by integrating the above equation within the
limits 0 and H.
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Example - Discharge Over A Rectangular Weir
Problem
A weir of 8m long is to be built across a rectangular channel to discharge a flow of 9m3 /s. If the
maximum depth of water on the upstream side of weir is to be 2m, what should be the height of
the weir ? Adopt Cd = 0.62.
Workings
Given,
L=8m
Q = 9 m3 /s
Depth of water = 2m
Cd = 0.62
Let us split up the trapezoidal weir into a rectangular weir and a triangular notch.
Now discharge over a rectangular weir,
So total discharge,
Since the main idea of Cippoletti was to avoid the factor of end contraction, and as such he gave
the formula for the
discharge,
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
L = 4m
H = 1m
Cd = 0.62
Solution
Discharge = 7.32 m3 /s
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Problem
A narrow-crested weir of 10 meters long is discharging water under a constant head of 400 mm.
Find discharge over the weir in liters/s. Assume coefficient of discharge as 0.623.
Workings
Given,
L = 10 m
H = 400 m = 0.4 m
Cd = 0.623
Consider a broad crested weir as shown in figure. Let A and B be the upstream and downstream
ends of the weir.
Let,
(1)
The discharge will be maximum, when is maximum. Therefore differentiating the
equation and
equating the same to zero,
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Problem
Determine the maximum discharge over a broad-crested weir 60 meters long having 0.6 m height
of water above its crest. Take coefficient of discharge as 0.595. Also determine the new
discharge over the weir, considering the velocity of approach. The channel at the upstream side
of the weir has a cross-sectional area of 45 sq meters.
Workings
Given,
L = 60 m
H = 0.6 m
Cd = 0.595
A = 45 m2
Solution
Maximum discharge over the weir = 29.6 m3 /s
In a sharp-crested weir, the thickness of weir is kept less than half of the height of water on the
weir, i.e.,
where,
b = Thickness of the weir
H = Height of water, above the crest of weir
The discharge equation, for a sharp-crested weir, remains the same as that of a rectangular weir,
i.e.,
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Problem
A rectangular sharp-crested weir is to be constructed in a testing station with small stream in
which the discharge varies from 50 liters/s and 1250 liters/s. Find the suitable length of the weir,
if the minimum head to be measured is 50 mm and the maximum head on it does not exceed one-
third of its length.
Workings
Given,
(1)
and maximum discharge over the weir (Qmax)
(2)
Dividing equation (2) by (1)
Solution
Length of weir = 1.28 m
The discharge equation for an ogee weir remains the same as that of a rectangular weir, i.e.,
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Problem
An ogee weir 4 meters long has 500 mm head of water. Find the discharge over the weir, if Cd =
0.62.
Workings
Given,
L=4m
H = 500 mm = 0.5 m
Cd = 0.62
Solution
The discharge over the weir = 2590 liters/s
The total discharge, over such a weir, is found out by splitting up the height of water, above the
sill of the weir,
into two portions. Let,
Total Discharge,
Example:
The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.
[metric]
Problem
A submerged sharp crested weir 0.8m high stands clear across a channel having vertical sides
and a width of 3m. The depth of water in the channel of approach is 1.25m. And 10m
downstream from the weir, the depth of water is 1m. Determine the discharge over the weir in
liters per second. Take Cd as 0.6.
Workings
Given,
L = 3m
Cd = 0.6
From the geometry of the weir, we find that the depth of water on the upstream side,
We know that the discharge over the free portion of the weir,
Total discharge,