1

Republic of the Philippines

Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
Professional Regulatory Board of ARCHITECTURE (PRBoA)
Licensure Examination for Architects (LEA)

SUBJECT : HISTORY AND THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

(Non-Drafting Examination Format)
DATE/ TIME: 12 June 2018 (Sunday), 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
VENUE : City of Manila, Philippines (PH)

ONE HUNDRED (100) SAMPLE TEST QUESTIONS

1. Hagia Sophia was the largest cathedral in the world for nearly a thousand years, until
Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520. What was the concept it derived from?
a. Byzantine Architecture
b. Early Christian Architecture
c. Islam Architecture
d. None of the above

2. What is the advantage of modern day construction?

a. Cheaper in cost
b. Designed better
c. Faster to build
d. More stable

3. What architectural style did the architect apply in designing the Farnsworth House?
a. Modern Organic
b. Classical
c. Modern International
d. Art Nouveau

4. Bernini is known for what style?

a. Romanesque
b. Baroque
c. Gothic
d. Classical Revival
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5. What is the traditional Filipino Architecture technique that could withstand earthquakes
in the Philippines?
a. Putting rosaries and religious artifacts beneath the foundation
b. Putting stones that serve as rollers beneath the foundation
c. Making use of sturdy and heavy trunks of wood for column foundation
d. Bamboo posts running through roof connected on central apex placed slanted
around the exterior walls

6. What style was used for the Façade?

a. Renaissance
b. Gothic
c. Romanesque
d. None of the above

7. The famous Pyramids of Egypt are generally considered to be the world’s oldest
monumental structures and were built as tombs for the pharaohs. The Rice Terraces of
the Philippines are commonly referred to by Filipinos as the “Eight Wonder of the World”
and was named as a World Heritage Site in 1995. How are they similar?
a. Both were built by Nomads
b. Both were built around 1000 BC
c. Both were used for religious purposes
d. Both employed a unique construction method
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8. What is the raw or natural material that traditional Filipino Architecture used as motifs in
the design on their homes?
a. Egg shells
b. Capiz shells
c. Mud bricks
d. Hand-cut stones

9. Eugene Fressinet is known for

a. Cast in place concrete
b. Thin shell construction
c. Pre-stressed concrete
d. None of the above

10. Muslim Architecture. What is used to call people to gather?

a. Minbar
b. Minaret
c. Mihrab
d. Kaaba

11. What type of architecture was used in the ornaments?

a. Renaissance
b. Gothic
c. Romanesque
d. None of the above

12. What style mostly influences Philippine Churches?

a. Romanesque
b. Post-Modern
c. Baroque
d. Classical

13. What is the Spanish term for a lantern or raised structure above a roof through which
light is admitted into the interior?
a. Claustra
b. Cloister
c. Cimborio
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d. Conoid

14. There is a prominent series of windows layered in multi-level of the church. What was
the main purpose of the windows?
a. For thermal insulation
b. For the play of lights inside the church
c. It is for structural stability
d. None of the above

15. The Nile River is the longest river in the world, stretching north for approximately 4,000
miles from East Africa to the Mediterranean. What material was used for the
construction of the Pyramids?

a. Compacted sand
b. Stones
c. Clay
d. Mud

16. How did the Egyptians transport the materials from the production area to the
construction?
a. Axle and wheel
b. Wooden wheels
c. Stone wheels
d. Pulley and wedge

17. The columns at the Great Hypostyle Hall of Temple of Amun in Karnak were built taller
than the rest, why?
a. To direct people to the inner parts of the temple
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b. To let in subdued light into the temple

c. To carry the heavy slab
d. For ceremonial purposes

18. What is the most striking feature of Barasoain Church?

a. Bell tower
b. Columns
c. Pediment
d. Façade

19. Temple of Amun, Karnak. What kind of temple it is?

a. Mortuary Temple
b. Shrine
c. Cult Temple
d. Mosque

20. What is the design on the columns at the Great Hypostyle Hall of Temple of Amun in
Karnak?
a. Corinthian
b. Papyrus
c. Palm Capital
d. Tuscan
21. You were asked to design a Textile factory. What would you be your prime
consideration when choosing the location of the loading dock?
a. Sun Orientation
b. Adjacent Property
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c. Road Orientation
d. None of the above

22. The Etruscans originated in houses called the

a. Domus
b. Atrium
c. Peristyle
d. Impluvium

23. Barasoain Church. What style was used in the columns as seen in the façade?

a. Baroque
b. Gothic
c. Romanesque
d. Renaissance

24. What style was used in the pediment on this Barasoain Church?
a. Baroque
b. Gothic
c. Romanesque
d. Renaissance

25. In 1401, a design competition was held for the set of bronze doors for the baptistery
of the Cathedral of Florence. The original plan was for the doors to depict scenes from
the Old Testament, and the trial piece was sacrifice of Isaac. However, the plan was
changed to depict scenes from the New Testament instead. The winning entry was
later dubbed by Michelangelo, a hundred years later as the “Gates of Paradise”.
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Who won the commission?

a. Lorenzo Ghiberti
b. Donatello
c. Filippo Brunelleschi
d. Antonio Manetti

26. Which among the following has the best statement about Art Nouveau and Gothic
Architecture?
a. Art Nouveau was more expensive than Gothic Architecture
b. Art Nouveau used animal skin motifs and Gothic Architecture used them as well
c. Art Nouveau used whiplash and Gothic Architecture was rude and barbaric
d. Art Nouveau was unnatural, while Gothic Architecture was characterized by
nature

27. How do Romanesque and Gothic Architecture differ in terms of structural Elements?

a. Gothic has tympanum below clerestory and Romanesque has none

b. Gothic has flying buttress to support its height while Romanesque has pillars
c. Gothic is lighting in volume while Romanesque is massive
d. None of the above

28. Le Corbusier, also known as Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris explicitly used the

Golder Ration in his Modular System for the scale of architectural proportion.
How would you describe his architectural style?
a. Modern
b. White Box
c. Neo-Classicism
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d. Organic

29. What shape is prominent in the Bank of China and Louvre Pyramid?
a. Rectangle
b. Square
c. Triangle
d. Circle

30. How do Romanesque and Gothic Architecture differ in terms of Openings?

a. Gothic has triangular arch while Romanesque has circular openings
b. Gothic has bigger openings compared to Romanesque
c. Gothic has circular openings while Romanesque has triangular arch
d. Gothic has smaller openings compared to Romanesque

31. How do Romanesque and Gothic Architecture differ in terms of Architectural

Elements?
a. Gothic is centralized in plan while Romanesque is Latin Cross
b. Gothic is richly ornate while Romanesque has stone façade
c. Gothic structures are built higher and lighter than Romanesque
d. All of the above

32. This work is an example of Frank Lloyd Wright Organic Architecture.

a. Falling Water
b. Petronas Tower
c. Dulles Airport
d. Opera House

33. What is the most striking feature of Muslim Architecture?

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a. Minarets
b. Tracery windows
c. Domes
d. Columns

34. Famous structure designed by Le Corbusier in Marseilles, France with rough-cast

concrete as steel frame proved too expensive in light of post-war shortages
a. Unite d’ Habitation
b. Villa Savoye
c. Notre Dame du Haut
d. Pilotis

35. From what style did the Muslim architects patterned their structures?
a. Renaissance Architecture
b. Gothic Architecture
c. Early Christian Architecture
d. Saracenic architecture

36. What of the statements is the reason why people stopped the art Nouveau Movement?
a. Because of war
b. Because it was too expensive
c. Modern International Architecture is more practical
d. Modern International Architecture is more expensive

37. Who was the first Filipino Architect?

a. Juan Nakpil
b. Juan Arellano
c. Thomas Mapua
d. Jose Maria Zaragosa

38. A building designed by Norman Foster that has the Floating Beam Concept
a. HSBC Building, Hongkong
b. City Hall, London
c. Imperial War Museum
d. 30 St. Mary Axe
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39. What are the obvious characteristics of a Gothic Cathedral?

a. Pinnacles
b. Richly ornate finial
c. Spires
d. Turret

40. Which Art Nouveau inspired structure by Antonio Gaudi remains to be unfinished in
Spain?

a. Casa Batllo
b. Pare Guell
c. Casa Mila
d. Sagrada Familia

41. What is the difference between the Art Nouveau in Germany (Jugendstijl) and the Art
Nouveau in Catalan, Spain (Gaudi’s)?
a. Catalan Art Nouveau is Organic with Earth colors, while Jugendstijl is richly
decorated
b. Catalan Art Nouveau is colorful and richly decorated, while Jugendstijl has more
of perpendicular and straight lines
c. Catalan Art Nouveau is soft curve in feature, while Jugendstijl has hard curve
d. No difference at all. Both has similar feature.
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42. Many Architects became very active during the Renaissance Period. Andrea Palladio
has become famous among them. What characterizes the Palladian Style of
Architecture?
a. Ornate and Decorative
b. Asymmetry
c. Unpredictable Proportions
d. Proportionality

43. The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Wenimar. What brought about
the closure of the school?
a. World War 2
b. No architect successors
c. Disagreement between members
d. The school was a failure

44. Architectural style originated in Florence. It is the activity, spirit or the time of the
humanistic revival of classic art and literature.
a. Baroque
b. Neoclassicism
c. Renaissance
d. Rococo

45. During the period of Revivalism, why did some architects prefer the style of Art
Nouveau over the other styles that flourished during that time?
a. Because they rejected Floral Style
b. Because Classical Revivalism is expensive and hard to build
c. Because art Nouveau is unique, hard to reproduce or copy

46. What was the reason why Otto veered from being a classicist to a “Modernist”?
a. He wants to reinvent himself
b. He wants to teach his students in “Akademie der bildenden Kunste” at Vienna
something new
c. He was commissioned for the project by the government
d. He just wanted to do something with what materials were available
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47. Who was the architect that make the Check Lap Kok Airport where Natural Light,
Tensioned Membrane and Anthropometrically correct dimensions where emphasized?
a. Eero Saarinen
b. Sir Norman Foster
c. Richrad Rogers
d. Fumihiko Maki

48. In the given illustration, what architectural style was used for the façade?

a. Tudor
b. Gothic
c. Renaissance
d. Romanesque

49. In the image above, what was used for the Arches?
a. Parallel
b. Equilateral
c. Sequential
d. None of the above

50. Who is the architect of the Farnsworth House?

a. Le Corbusier
b. Ludwig Meis Van der Rohe
c. Frank Lloyd Wright
d. Louis Sullivan
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51. In 1903, architects Barry Parker and Raymond Unwin were tasked to translate
Ebenezer Howard’s Idea of a Garden City. This project known as the First Garden City
is located approximately 35 miles from London. It is also called as:
a. Welwyn Garden City
b. Letchworth Garden City
c. Howard’s Garden City
d. Greenbelt Garden City

52. Which architectural Style is evident in the image below?

a. Romanesque
b. Renaissance
c. Medieval
d. Byzantine
53. In the image above, which type of Arch was used in the entrance?
a. Equilateral
b. Segmental
c. Tudor
d. Lancet

54. Distinctive feature of Frank Lloyd Wright Falling Water

a. Overhanging Slab
b. Falling Water
c. Cantilever
d. Steps
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55. What is the Architectural Character of the Metropolitan Theatre?

a. Post Modernism
b. Art Nouveau
c. Art Deco
d. Eclectism

56. Structure of Architect Bernini is shown below. Identify what kind of column is used?

a. Doric
b. Ionic
c. Corinthian
d. Tuscan

57. As shown above, what kind of vault is used in the hallway?

a. Cloister
b. Barrel
c. Fan
d. Groin

58. What style was used in the façade of the entrance way?
a. Romanesque
b. Renaissance
c. Gothic
d. Classical Revival

59. Who is Daniel Burnham?

a. An American architect and urban designer
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b. Designed the Flatiron Building in New York

c. Designed the Burhham Park in Baguio
d. All of the above

60. Who designed the interlocking thin shell, shark-like concept that can be seen on the
shore of Sydney, Australia?
a. Eero Saarinen
b. Jorn Utzon
c. Norman Foster
d. None of the above

61. What kind of space inter-relation is shown in the image below?

a. Clustered
b. Radial
c. Grid
d. Centralized

62. What do you call a paraline drawing having a 30 degree/ degree angle?
a. Oblique
b. Isometric
c. Cabinet
d. Cavalier

63. What is dominant in the works of I. M Pei?

a. Use of Glass and Steel
b. Use of Geometric Forms
c. Use of Triangle
d. Use Concrete
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64. Who was the architect of the Dome of the Rock?

a. Raja Ibn Haywah and Yazid Ibn Salam

b. Mimar Sinan
c. Filippo Brunelleschi
d. Antonio Manetti

65. Who is the architect of Robie House?

a. Renzo Piano
b. Frank Lloyd Wright
c. Calatrava
d. Frank Gehry

66. Richard Buckminster Fuller is known for

a. Geodetic domes
b. Glass and steel
c. Geometric forms
d. Triangular forms
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67. Who is the architect of Seattle Museum?

a. Robert Venturi
b. Denise Scott Brown
c. Brad Cloepfil
d. Carl Frelinghuysen Gould
e. All of the above

68. If the Greeks introduced the concept of proportion during the Classical period, who
was the famous architect who re-introduced the concept of proportion in modern times?
a. Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe
b. Le Corbusier
c. Eero Saarinen
d. Frank Lloyd Wright

69. Who was the architect of the Bank of China, Louvre Pyramid and the Rock n’ Roll Hall
of Fame?

a. Victor Horta
b. Richard Rogers
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c. Frank Lloyd Wright

d. I. M. Pei

70. Who was the architect of the Carpenter’s Centre?

a. Renzo Piano
b. Norman Foster
c. Le Corbusier
d. Philip Johnson

71. Sir Norman Foster’s most famous work in Hongkong where he used a diagrid as a
structural concept is
a. China Bank
b. Citibank HQ
c. HSBC Bldg
d. World Bank

72. Who said, “Architecture need not be Western”?

a. Kenzo Tange
b. I.M. Pei
c. Louis Khan
d. Zaha Hadid

73. Deconstructive structure by Frank Gehry in Bilbao.

a. Falling Water
b. Opera House
c. Guggenheim Museum
d. None of the above
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74. Who was the architect of Tjibaou Cultural Center?

a. Renzo Piano
b. Norman Foster
c. Le Corbusier
d. Philip Johnson

75. Who was the architect of Quezon Memorial Pylon?

a. Pablo Antonio
b. Federico Ilustre
c. Juan Nakpil
d. Leandro Locsin

76. Who designed the Sagrada Familia?

a. Antonio Gaudi
b. Pierre Luigi Nervi
c. Leon Baustista Alberti
d. Michaelangelo
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77. Who was the architect of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrifice?

a. Pablo Antonio
b. Federico Ilustre
c. Juan Nakpil
d. Leandro Locsin

78. Who said, “The house is the machine to live in”?

a. Buckminster Fuller
b. Lean Nouvel
c. Le Corbusier

79. Who was the architect of the Chapel of the New Toronto City Hall?

a. Viljo Revell
b. Daniel Libeskind
c. Santiago Calatrava
d. Tadao Ando
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80. Who was the architect of Guggenheim Museum at Bilbao?

a. Daniel Libeskind
b. Santiago Calatrava
c. Richard Rogers
d. Frank Gehry

81. "We must stop burning up the house to keep the family warm. We have all the
technology needed to tap vast cosmic energies of the sun but greedy big business and
money drunk government won't allow it because they haven't found a way to place a
meter on the sun."
a. Michael Graves
b. Philip Johnson
c. Walter Gropius
d. Buckminster Fuller

82. Who was the architect of Zentralsparkasse bank at Viena?

a. Peter Zumthor
b. Gunther Domenig
c. Cesar Pelli
d. Zaha Hadid
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83. Who was the architect of Bank of New York?

a. Ralph T. Walker
b. Steven Holl
c. Frederick Law Olmsted
d. Daniel Burnham

84. An Architectural style centered on the dissolution and reconstitution of individual

characteristics of three dimensional forms, using simplified Geometric Shapes.
a. Cubism
b. Surrealism
c. Brutalism
d. Modernism

85. Who was the architect of Sony Center?

a. Helmut Jahn and Peter Walker

b. SOM
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c. Rem Koolhaas
d. Charles & Ray Eames

86. Who is the father of Pre-stressed Concrete?

a. Jorn Utzon
b. Eero Saarinen
c. Norman Foster
d. Eugene Freyssinet

87. Who is Felix Candella?

a. Thin shell construction using reinforced concrete known as Cascarones
b. A teacher of Santiago Calatrava
c. Spanish architect but work as an Engineer
d. All of the above

88. A controversial style defined as the ideas of fragmentation, non-rectilinear shapes

which serve to distort and disclose some of the elements of architecture. The finished
visual appearance of building is characterized by unpredictability and a controlled
chaos.
a. Deconstructivism
b. International style
c. Expressionism
d. Modernism

89. Who was the architect of Notre Dame du Raincy?

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a. Adolf Loos
b. Peter Behrens
c. Auguste Perret
d. Walter Gropius

90. Who was the architect of TWA Airport and Dulles Airport?

a. Norman Foster
b. Eero Saarinen
c. Frank Gehry
d. Renzo Piano

91. What is the style used by Frank Gehry?

a. Deconstructivism
b. Constructivism
c. Revivalism
d. Modernism

92. Who is the architect of San Miguel Building in Ortigas Center?

a. Fernando Ocampo
b. Leandro Locsin
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c. Francisco Manosa
d. Juan Arellano

93. Who is the Architect of Hongkong Shanghai Bank in Hongkong?

a. Jack Frost
b. Norman Frost
c. Norman Foster
d. Jack Foster

94. Who designed the Metropolitan Theater in Manila?

a. Tomas Mapua
b. Juan Nakpil
c. Juan M. Arellano
d. Carlos A Santos-Viola

95. A church, “Built for all time” after previous churches were damaged by earthquake in
1863 and 1880.

a. San Sebastian Church

b. Loboc Church
c. Paoay Church
d. San Agustin Church
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96. From the given figure, identify the Architectural style used

a. Art Deco
b. International Style
c. Renaissance
d. Modernism

97. In the given figure, what design motif does the drawing represent?

a. Renaissance
b. Art Deco
c. Neo-classicism
d. Greek

98. The steps forming the base of a column Greek temple.

a. Crepidoma
b. Stylobate
c. Stereobate
d. Creep
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99. The style of Early English architecture distinguished by pointed arch.

a. Flamboyant style
b. Lancet style
c. Ogee style
d. Tudor arch

100. It is the most conspicuous feature is the dominance in stone window tracery of a
flame like S-shaped curve. Wall surface was reduced to the minimum to allow as
almost continuous window expanse.

a. Flamboyant style
b. Lancet style
c. Ogee style
d. Tudor arch

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ANSWER KEY: 33. C 67. E

34. A 68. A
1. A 35. D 69. D
2. C 36. A 70. C
3. C 37. C 71. C
4. B 38. A 72. A
5. D 39. C 73. C
6. B 40. D 74. A
7. D 41. D 75. B
8. B 42. D 76. A
9. C 43. A 77. D
10. B 44. C 78. C
11. B 45. C 79. A
12. C 46. D 80. D
13. C 47. B 81. D
14. B 48. B 82. B
15. B 49. B 83. A
16. B 50. B 84. A
17. C 51. B 85. A
18. D 52. A 86. D
19. C 53. B 87. D
20. B 54. A 88. A
21. C 55. C 89. C
22. A 56. B 90. B
23. C 57. B 91. A
24. A 58. A 92. C
25. A 59. D 93. C
26. C 60. B 94. C
27. B 61. B 95. D
28. A 62. B 96. A
29. C 63. B 97. D
30. A 64. A 98. A
31. D 65. B 99. B
32. A 66. A 100. A