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La contaminación ambiental supone un riesgo para la salud de los seres vivos que
habitan los ecosistemas contaminados, incluyendo a los seres humanos. Además,
la tala indiscriminada, la explotación excesiva de los recursos naturales y la
emisión de contaminantes al medio ambiente (gases a la atmósfera, vertidos en
medios acuáticos, residuos sólidos) provoca la destrucción de ecosistemas. De
esta forma, muchas especies de animales y plantas ven cómo su hábitat natural
se va reduciendo cada vez más, pudiendo llegar a provocar incluso su extinción.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Environmental pollution is the presence of harmful components (whether chemical,
physical or biological) in the environment (natural and artificial environment), which
are detrimental to living beings that inhabit it, including human beings.
Environmental pollution is mainly caused by causes derived from human activity,
such as the emission into the atmosphere of greenhouse gases or the excessive
exploitation of natural resources.
Environmental pollution poses a risk to the health of living things that inhabit
contaminated ecosystems, including humans. In addition, indiscriminate logging,
excessive exploitation of natural resources and the emission of pollutants into the
environment (gases into the atmosphere, discharges into aquatic environments,
solid waste) causes the destruction of ecosystems. In this way, many species of
animals and plants see how their natural habitat is increasingly reduced, and can
even cause its extinction.
DESASTRES NATURALES
El término desastre natural hace referencia a las enormes pérdidas materiales y
vidas humanas ocasionadas por eventos o fenómenos naturales, como
terremotos, inundaciones, tsunamis, deslizamientos de tierra, entre otros.
De acuerdo con la United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR),
los desastres no son naturales, sino que son el resultado de las omisiones y la
falta de prevención y planificación ante los fenómenos de la naturaleza.1 Desde
esta perspectiva, los desastres no suelen ser naturales pues mientras que los
fenómenos son naturales, los desastres se presentan por la acción del hombre en
su entorno. Por ejemplo: un huracán en la mitad del océano no es un desastre, a
menos que pase por allí un navío.nota 1
NATURAL DISASTERS
The term natural disaster refers to the enormous material losses and human lives
caused by natural events or phenomena, such as earthquakes, floods, tsunamis,
landslides, among others.
According to the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR),
disasters are not natural, but are the result of omissions and lack of prevention and
planning in the face of natural phenomena.From this perspective, disasters they
are not usually natural because while the phenomena are natural, disasters are
presented by the action of man in his environment. For example: a hurricane in the
middle of the ocean is not a disaster, unless a ship passes by.
Human activity in areas with a high probability of disasters is known as high risk.
High-risk areas without instrumentation or appropriate measures to respond to the
disaster or reduce its negative effects are known as areas of high vulnerability.
With a view to institutional capacity to reduce the collective risk of disasters, these
can trigger other events that will reduce the possibility of surviving due to lack of
planning and security measures.