Common administrative commands

in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, 6, 7, and 8

System basics Kernel, boot, and hardware Basic configuration File systems, volumes, and disks
TASK RHEL TASK RHEL TASK RHEL TASK RHEL

View /etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid 5 6 append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash Graphical system-config-* 5 6 ext3 5

5 6
subscription to kernel cmdline configuration
Single user/ tools Default file
information subscription-manager identity 6 7 8 gnome-control-center 7 8 ext4 6
rescue mode system
append 1 or s or rd.break or
rhnreg_ks 6 init=/bin/bash to kernel 7 8 Text-based xfs 7 8
cmdline configuration system-config-*-tui 5 6
Configure 1, 3 5 6 7 8 tools ssm create 7
rhn_register
subscription Shut down
shutdown 5 6 7 8
2 system system-config-printer 5 6 7
subscription-manager 6 7 8 Configure gdisk 7 8
printer Create/modify
systemctl poweroff 7 8 gnome-control-center 8 disk partitions
hwbrowser 5 Power off ssm_create 8
system 5 6
poweroff 5 6 7 8 system-config-date
sosreport fdisk
5 6 7 8 5 6 7 8
dmidecode parted
timedatectl 7 8
View system systemctl halt 7 8 Configure time
profile lstopo Halt system and date ssm create 7 8
6 7 8 date 5 6 7 8
lscpu halt 5 6 7 8 Format disk
partition mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4, xfs)
gnome-control-center 8 5 6 7 8
cat/proc/cpuinfo systemctl reboot 7 8 mkswap
8
lshw Reboot system
/etc/ntp.conf 5 6
reboot 5 6 7 8 xfs_fsr 6 7 8
View RHEL 5 6 7
ntpdate Defragment
version /etc/redhat-release 5 6 7 8 Configure /etc/inittab 5 6 copy data to new file system
Synchronize disk space
information default run fsck (look for ‘non-contiguous 5 6 7 8
time and date timedatectl
level/target systemctl set-default 7 8 7 8 inodes’)
/etc/chrony.conf
1 Be aware of potential issues when using subscription-manager on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5:
https://access.redhat.com/solutions/129003. /boot/grub/grub.conf 5 6 date ssm mount 7 8
Configure 8
2 Subscription-manager is used for Satellite 6, Satellite 5.6 with SAM and newer, and Red chronyc Mount storage
Hat’s CDN. GRUB /etc/default/grub mount
3 RHN tools are deprecated on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. rhn_register should be used for bootloader 5 6 7 8
grub2-mkconfig 7 8 system-config-keyboard 5 6 /etc/fstab
Satellite server 5.6 and newer only. For details, see: What subscription management services
grub-set-default
are offered by RHSM?, Transition of Red Hat Network Classic Hosted to Red Hat Configure
Subscription Management, and Satellite 5.6 unable to register RHEL 7 client system due to localectl 7 8 Mount and /etc/fstab
keyboard 5 6 7 8
rhn-setup package not included in Minimal installation. hwbrowser 5 activate swap swapon -a
gnome-control-center 8
View hardware
lshw (in EPEL) 6 7 Configure
configured /etc/fstab 5 6 7 8
/etc/ssh/ssh_config static mounts
lshw 8 /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Configure SSH 5 6 7 8
~/.ssh/config View free disk
df 5 6 7 8
Software management Configure
modprobe 5 6 7 8
ssh-keygen space
kernel module
TASK RHEL lvdisplay
Configure lvs
yum groupinstall 5 6 hardware udev 5 6 7 8 View logical vgdisplay
5 6 7 8
device volume info vgs
Install
yum group install 7 8 pvdisplay
software
View kernel sysctl -a Jobs and services pvs
5 6 7 8
yum install 5 6 7 8 parameters cat /proc/cmdline TASK RHEL
Create ssm create (if backend is lvm) 8
yum groupinfo 5 6 Load kernel physical
chkconfig --list
module
modprobe 5 6 7 8 5 6 volume pvcreate 5 6 7 8
View software ls /etc/init.d/
yum group info 7 8
info
Remove kernel systemctl -at service Create volume
ssm create (if backend is lvm) 8
modprobe -r 5 6 7 8
yum info 5 6 7 8 module ls /etc/systemd/system/*. group
service 7 vgcreate 5 6 7 8
Update View kernel rpm -q kernel List all services
ls /usr/lib/systemd/system/*.
yum update 5 6 7 8 5 6 7 8
software version uname -r service ssm create (if backend is lvm) 8
Create logical
volume
Upgrade systemctl list-units -at lvcreate 5 6 7 8
yum upgrade 5 6 7 8 service
software
find /etc/systemd/ /usr/lib/ 8
resize2fs 5 6
systemd/ /run/systemd/ -name
Configure Enlarge
subscription-manager repos *.service”
software 5 6 7 8 volumes xfs_growfs
repository
/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
User management 5 6
formatted with ssm resize
7 8
service --status-all default file
TASK RHEL List running
Find package rpm -qf filename system vgextend
5 6 7 8 services systemctl -t service 5 6 7 8
owning file yum provides filename-glob 7 8 lvextend
Graphical user system-config-users 5 6 7 --state=active
rpm -q packagename 5 6
management
gnome-control-center 8 service name start resize2fs
View software 5 6 lvreduce 5 6
version Start/stop
service name stop Shrink volumes
yum list installed packagename Create user useradd 5 6 7 vgreduce
7 8 service formatted with
rpm -q packagename account
gnome-control-center 8
systemctl start name.service
7 8
default file
systemctl stop name.service system XFS cannot currently be shrunk;
View installed rpm -qa copy desired data to a 7 8
5 6 7 8 userdel 5 6 7
software yum list installed Delete user chkconfig name on smaller file system.
account chkconfig name off
5 6
gnome-control-center 8 Enable/disable
Install a ssm check 8
yum module install module_name 8 service Check/repair
module usermod systemctl enable name.service
7 8 file system
/etc/passwd systemctl disable name.service fsck 5 6 7 8
View/change 5 6 7
View info on a user account vipw
yum module info module_name 8
module details id service name status 5 6 View NFS showmount -e
View service 5 6 7 8
share mount
gnome-control-center 8
status
View a systemctl status name.service 7 8
module’s yum module info module_name 8 service nfs reload 5 6
streams Create user groupadd 5 6 7
Check if chkconfig name --list 5 6
group service is Configure NFS
gnome-control-center systemctl reload nfs.service 7 8
yum module remove
8
enabled 7 8
share
systemctl is-enabled name
Change module_name:stream groupdel 5 6 7 /etc/exports 5 6 7 8
module Delete user
yum module reset module:stream 8 Create new chkconfig --add 5 6
streams group
yum module install gnome-control-center 8 service file Configure
module:new_stream or modify systemctl daemon-reload on-demand
/etc/auto.master.d/*.autofs
8
7 8
groupmod configuration /etc/systemd/system/*.service auto-mounts
/etc/auto.*
Change group 5 6 7
List available /etc/group
yum module list 8 details
modules runlevel 5 6
gnome-control-center 8
chmod
View run level/ Change file chown
7 8 8
passwd 5 6 7 target
systemctl get-default permissions chgrp
Change user umask (future file creation)
password who -r 5 6 7 8
gnome-control-center 8
Change file
chattr 8
Networking Change user
usermod
5 6 7
/etc/inittab
init run_level
5 6 attributes
visudo Change run
TASK RHEL permissions level/target Change access
gnome-control-center 8 systemctl isolate name.target setfacl 8
7 8 control list
nmcli con mod 7 8 systemctl set-default
Configure Change chage 5 6 7
name password
/etc/hosts /etc/syslog.conf 5
resolution 5 6 7 8 policy gnome-control-center
/etc/resolv.conf 8
/etc/rsyslog.conf 6 7 8
Configure
/etc/sysconfig/network 5 6 View user w 5 6 7
logging
Configure
hostnamectl
sessions
gnome-control-center 8
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
/var/log/journal 7 8
Resource management
hostname
/etc/hostname 7 8 systemd-journald.service TASK RHEL
nmtui
journalctl 7 8 Trace system
strace 5 6 7 8
ifconfig 5 6 View logs calls
/var/log 5 6 7 8
nmcli dev show Trace library
View network teamdctl 7 8 Security and identity pam_tty_audit kernel module 5 6 7 calls
ltrace 5 6 7 8
interface info bridge TASK RHEL
tlog 8 Change
nice
ip addr
5 6 7 8 /etc/selinux/config process 5 6 7 8
Configure renice
brctl
chcon add audit=1 to kernel cmdline priority
Configure system audit auditctl
restorecon
nmcli con [add|mod|edit] system 5 6 7 8 /etc/audit/auditd.conf
semanage 5 6 7 8 Change
nmtui 7 8 security /etc/audit/audit.rules
Configure setsebool process run taskset 5 6 7 8
nm-connection-editor authconfig location
network system-config-selinux
/etc/pam.d/system-auth
interface
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ Report on kill
5 6 7 8
ifcfg-*
system View audit aureport Kill a process pkill
sealert 5 6 7 8 5 6 7 5 6 7 8
security output /var/log/faillog killall
View routes ip route 5 6 7 8
cron netstat
authconfig 5 6
system-config-network 5 6 at 5 6 7 8
authconfig-tui 5 6 7 Schedule/
LDAP, SSSD, batch
authconfig-gtk batch tasks ss
nmcli Kerberos 6 7 8
tuna
Configure nmtui 7 8
8
systemd-run --on-calendar 8
authselect
routes nm-connection-editor pcp atop 8
Find file by View system
Network users getent 5 6 7 8 locate 5 6 7 8
ip route add name usage top
5 6 7 8
/etc/sysconfig/route-iface ps
Find file by sar
find 5 6 7 8
iptables and ip6tables characteristic iostat 5 6 7 8
5 6
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables vmstat
tar mpstat
system-config-firewall 6 cpio numastat
Configure Create archive 5 6 7 8
firewall zip
firewall-cmd xz iostat 6 7 8
7 8
firewall-config
View disk usage pcp-dstat
8
nftables 8 pmiostat

pcp-dstat--socket 8 df 5 6 7 8

View ports/
sockets ss
lsof 5 6 7 8
netstat
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