LITERATURE REVIEWER
expressed with dignity, with no
Types of Literature
I. Prose- written within the common flow of
conversation in sentences and paragraphs
 Novel- long narrative divided into
chapters; events taken from true-to-life
stories
 Short Story- narrative involving one or
more characters, one plot and one single
impression
 Plays- presented on a stage
 Legends- fictitious narrative, usually
about origins
 Fables- fictitious stories that deal with
animals and inanimate thins who speak
and act like people
 Anecdotes- merely products of the
writer’s imagination
 Essay- expresses the viewpoint or opinion
of the writer about a particular event
 Biography- deals with the life of a person
 News- a report of everyday event in
society
 Oration- formal treatment of a subject and
is intended to be spoken in public
II. Poetry- expressions in verse, with
measure and rhyme, line, and stanza and
has a more melodious tone
1. Narrative Poetry- describes important
events in life either real or imaginary
 Epic- extended narrative about heroic
exploits often under supernatural
control
2. Lyric Poetry- meant to be sung to the
accompaniment of a lyre, but now, this
applies to any type of poetry that
expresses emotions and feelings of the
poet
 Folksongs- intended to be sung with a
common theme of love, despair, grief,
doubt, joy, hope, and sorrow
 Sonnets- lyric poem of 14 lines dealing
with an emotion, a feeling, or an idea
 Elegy- expresses feelings of grief and
melancholy whose theme is death
 Ode- poem of a noble feeling,
definite number of syllables
 Awit- have measures of 12 syllables
accompanied by guitar or banduria
 Corridos- have measures of 8 syllables
and recited to a martial beat
3. Dramatic Poetry
 Comedy- comes from the Greek term
“komos” meaning festivity or revelry;
usually light and written with the
purpose of amusing and usually has a
happy ending
 Melodrama- usually sad but there is a
happy ending
 Tragedy- involves the hero struggling
and meets his death
 Farce- exaggerated comedy
 Social Poems- either purely comic or
tragic and it pictures the life of today
Definition of Poetry
- An art form in which human language is
used for its aesthetic qualities in addition
to, or instead of, its notional and semantic
content
- Consists of largely of oral or literary
works
- It may use condensed or compressed
form to convey emotion or ideas
- Has its origins in song
- Most of the characteristics that
distinguish it from other forms of
utterance—rhythm, rhyme, compression,
intensity of feeling, use of refrains—
appear to have come about from efforts to
fit words to musical forms.
Poet- one who creates poetry
Great Poetry- captures images vividly and in
original, refreshing way
Rhythm- most vital element of sound in poetry
Elements of Poetry Elements of a Short Story
1. Stanza- a fixed number of lines of verse  Setting
forming a single unit of a poem; usually  Characters
made up of equal number of lines  Plot
Couplet- 2 lines  Theme
Tercet- 3 lines  Conflict
Quatrain- 4 lines  Resolution
Cinquain- 5 lines  Moral Values
Sestet- 6 lines
The Pleasures of the Door- Francis Ponge
Sonnet- 14 lines
Working Clothes- Gelacio Guillermo
2. Rhyme and Rhyme Scheme- has the
The Fence- Lenrie Peters
ability to provide a systematic flow to a
Song for a Dry Season- Emmanuel Torres
bundle of thoughts that may seem
Rice- Manuel Arguilla
absolutely chaotic if put together
Magnificence- Estrella Alfon
otherwise
End rhyme- when there are
words/phrases end in the same sound
Internal rhyme- occurs in the middle of a
line
3. Form- arrangement of words, lines,
verses, rhymes
Forms of Poetry
 Lyric Poetry- expresses strong thoughts
and feelings
 Narrative Poem- tells a story
 Descriptive Poem- describes the world
4. Meter- systematic regularity in rhythm
5. Imagery- mental pictures the poet creates
through language
Quality Characteristics of Poem
 Imaginative
 Creative
 Descriptive
 Provokes thoughts
 Causes an emotional response
 Using figurative language
 It has a rhythm or rhyme.
 It can have a physical or grammatical
arrangement of words