Kinetic review center

3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound

Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

TIMBER DESIGN

DESIGN OF FLEXURAL MEMBERS Should necessary, E is adjusted using the coefficient

of variability, Cv, Hence, the following is used
Actual stresses: E' = E ( 1 - Cv ) or
fb = Mc ,Actual Bending E' = E ( 1 - 1.65Cv )
I
VQ Cs = 0.25 for VSG, 0.11 for MSG
fv = ,Actual Shear Stress
Ib Effective Length, Le
For Rectangular Shape:
fb = 6M2 ,Actual Bending
bd
fv = 3V ,Actual Shear Stress
2bd

Allowable Stresses
NSCP 2001 - 2010
Fb, Fv = available stress of timber per NSCP Shear:
table of wood stresses for either Visually Stress Adjusted due to notching
Grade Timber and Machine Stress Grade Timber
fv = 3V ( d )
2bd d'
Bending:
d = total depth of the beam
1. Size Adjustment Factor, Cf: d' = actual depth at notch
Fb'' = FbCf
DESIGN OF AXIALLY LOADED MEMBERS

Cf = 1.0 For beams with width < 125mm 1. Function of Column:

and depth < 300 mm Limiting criteria = Buckling Ratio
1
300 9 Le
Cf = Otherwise d
d

A. Short Column, Cs < 11

2. Function of Beam:
Limiting criteria = Slenderness ratio Fc' = Fc

Cs = L e2d B. Intermediate Column, 11 < Le/d < K

b
K = 0.671 E
A. Short Beam, Cs < 10 Fc
Fb' = Fb
1 Le/d 4
Minimum between this value and Fb'' Fb' = Fb 1 - ( )
3 K
B. Short Beam, 10 < Cs < Ck
C. Long Beam, Le/d > K
Ck = 0.811 E
Fb
0.30E
Fb' =
(Le/d)2
1 Cs 4
Fb' = Fb 1 - ( ) Effective Length, Le
3 Ck Le = KLu with K equals to below

Minimum between this value and Fb''

C. Long Beam, Ck < Cs < 50

0.438E
Fb' =
Cs 2
Minimum between this value and Fb''
D. NOT ALLOWED BY CODE, Cs > 50
 Kinetic review center
3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound
Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

TIMBER DESIGN

Allowable Stresses - Bending 2. Flexure and Compression

NSCP 2015
f c f b < 1.0
Fba := Fb ⋅ CL +
F'c F'b- Jf c

Where: Le
- 11
d
CL := 1 if Lat = "YES" J= , 0 < J < 1.0
K - 11
1 + Fbe 1 + Fbe Fbe
2

 Fb −  Fb − Fb

 1.9  1.9  0.95  otherwise
Practice Problems:

1.20Emin Situation 1:
Fbe := A simply supported timber beam has a span of 6m
Rb
2 long and carries a uniformly distributed load of 25
kN/m over its entire span. This load already
Emin := E0.05 ⋅
1.03 includes an allowance for beam weight. The timber
1.66 is 80% stress grade VSG Apitong. The allowable
deflection is 1/240 of the span. Using working
(
E0.05 := E ⋅ 1 − 1.645COVE ) stresses Fb = 16.50 Mpa and Fv = 1.73 Mpa and
E=7.31x103MPa. calculate the smallest dimension
Rb= L e2d of beam for the following condition:
b
1. the allowable shear stress is not exceeded.
2. the allowable bending stress is not exceeded.
Allowable Stresses - Axial (Compression)
3. the allowable deflection is not exceeded.
NSCP 2015
4. If a 200 mm x 310 mm beam is used, is the
beam still efficient using NSCP 2015?
Fca  Fc  CP

Situation 2:
Where: A square timber column with dimension B = 150
mm has height of 3.60 m. The column is fixed at
both ends (effective length factor = 0.67). the
timber is 80% stress grade Apitong. the properties
of structural timber of Philippine woods are given
in the Table.

1. What is the classification of this column?

1.20Emin 2. What is the allowable compressive stress in MPa?
Fbe := 3. What is the maximum compressive load in kN?
(Le/d) 2
4. Using NSCP 2015, determine the maximum comp.
load the beam could carry.
1.03
Emin := E0.05 ⋅ Situation 3:
1.66
A 200mm x 400mm, 6m simply supported timber
(
E0.05 := E ⋅ 1 − 1.645COVE ) beam is to be designed to carry a uniform load
throughout its length. The timber is 80% stress
grade Apitong.
Combined Flexure and Axial 1. Find the slenderness constant of the beam.
1. Flexure and Tension a.) 12.62 b.) 10.91 c.) 10.47 d.) 10.73
2. Find the adjusted allowable bending stress (MPa).
f t f b < 1.0
+ a.) 15.15 b.) 16.27 c.) 11.71 d.) 15.21
Ft Fb
3. Find the maximum safe uniformly distributed load
the beam could carry without exceeding bending
Ft =Fb , For Most Cases stress.
f t = unit stress parallel to grain a.) 18.9 b.) 18.2 c.) 17.69 d.) 19.1
 Kinetic review center
3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound
Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

TIMBER DESIGN

Situation 4: 1. Find the maximum x.

A cantilever beam 3m long has its end resting on a 2. Find the safest y. Use Hankenson's Formula
rigid support and carries a uniform load of 100 3. Determine the stress in member AC.
kg/m its section in the form of an I beam by four
50mm x 200mm planks as shown on Figure 2. 200 mm

1. Find the moment of inertia of the section.

Ans: 383 x 10 6 mm4
2. Considering bending what is the maximum load 200 mm
P the beam could carry at its mid-span if the
allowable bending stress is 12.5 MPa

Ans: 18.33 kN

3. Considering bending and shearing stres, what is the

maximum concentrated load on mid-span the beam 50mm x 200 mm
could carry? Figure 2
Ans: 15 kN

Situation 5:
A 50mm x 200mm Guijo floor joist carries a dead
load of 2000 N/m2 excluding its own weight and a
live load of 2500 N/m2. the span of the joist is 3.6
and the deflection is limited to 1/300 of the span.
The wight of joist is 7.5 kN/m3. Fb' = 15.8 Mpa, Fv'
= 0.90 Mpa, E = 13800 Mpa. Assume no impact on
LL. use dressed dimensions equal to 38mm x
184mm.

1. Consider bending, find the theoritical

maximum joist spacing.
Ans: 450 mm
2. Considering shear find the theoritical maximum
spacing
Ans: 510 mm

Situation 6:
A wooden members in the simple truss as shown
have the following capacities:

Shear parallel to grain = 1 Mpa

Compression Parallel to grain = 11 Mpa
Compression Perpendicular to Grain = 5 MPa
20 kN

0.75m

y A C
100mm x 150 mm

x 1.2m 1.2m