Tutorial questions for chapter 2

1. Calculate q, w, ∆U and ∆H if 2.00 g He(g) with Cv,m = 3/2 R undergoes:

a) Reversible constant-pressure expansion from 20.0 dm3 to 40.0 dm3 at 0.80
bar.
b) Reversible constant-volume heating from 0.600 bar to 0.900 bar at V=15.0
dm3.

2. One mole of nitrogen gas at 25 °C and 1 bar is expanded reversibly and

isothermally to a pressure of 0.132 bar. Determine the amount of work done
in Joules, assuming ideal behavior.

3. A quantity of 4.50 g of CaC2 is reacted at 300 K with excess water in a closed

container fitted with a piston,
CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + C2H2 (g)
Calculate the work done by the production of C2H2 gas against an external
pressure of 1 bar. Assume that the reaction proceeds until the pressure of the
gas produced equals the opposing (or external) pressure.

4. Many compressed gases come in large metal cylinders. An 80.0 L tank of

nitrogen gas pressurized to 172 atm is left in the sun and heats from its normal
temperature of 20.0 °C to 140.0 °C. Determine:
a) The final pressure inside the tank
b) The work, heat, and ∆U of the process.
Assume that the nitrogen gas behaves ideally and that the constant volume
heat capacity of diatomic nitrogen is 21.0 J/mol.K.

5. If a 2.34 g substance at 22 °C with a specific heat of 3.88 cal/g°C is heated

with 124 cal of energy, what is the new temperature of the substance?

6. What is the final temperature when 150.0 mL of water at 90.0 °C is added to

100.0 mL of water at 30.0 °C?

7. Show that ∆S = Cp ln (T2/T1)

For a constant pressure process if Cp is independent of temperature, calculate
the change in entropy of 2.00 moles of H2O (l) (𝐶̅ p = 75.2 J.K-1.mol-1) if it is
heated from 10 °C to 90 °C.
8. The initial state of one mole of an ideal gas is P = 10 atm and T = 300 K.
Calculate the entropy change in the gas for:
a) An isothermal decrease in the pressure to 1 atm.
b) A reversible adiabatic decrease in the pressure to 1 atm.
c) A constant volume decrease in the pressure to 1 atm.
Cv,m = 3/2 R

9. A 1.000 g sample of octane (C8H18) is burned in a bomb calorimeter

containing 1200 grams of water at an initial temperature of 25 °C. After the
reaction, the final temperature of the water is 33.2 °C. The heat capacity of
the calorimeter (also known as “calorimeter constant”) is 837 J/°C. The
specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g°C. Calculate the het combustion of octane
in KJ/mol.

10. The heat of combustion for the gases hydrogen, methane and ethane are
-285.8, 890.4 and -1559.9 KJ/mol, respectively at 298 K. Calculate (at the
same temperature) the heat of reaction for the following reaction:
2CH4 (g) → C2H6 (g) + H2 (g)

11. One mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from 90 L to
300 L at 300 K. Calculate the ∆U, ∆S, ∆H, W and q.

12. One mole of He gas at 320 K expands reversibly from 13150 cm 3 to 52600
cm3. The specific heat at constant volume is, Cv.m = 3/2 R.
a) Calculate the change in final pressure and temperature of the system.
b) Propose and calculate the maximum work can be done by the system using
PV diagram.

13. Using the following information, what mass of HF must react in order to
produce 345 KJ of energy? Assuming excess SiO2.
SiO2 (s) + 4HF (g) → SiF4 (g) + 2H2O (l) ∆Horxn = -184 KJ

14. How much energy can be released during the following reaction if 2.50 L
B2H6 and 5.65 L Cl2 (both gases are initially at STP), are allowed to react?
B2H6 (g) + 6Cl2 (g) → 2BCl3 (g) + 6HCl (g) ∆Horxn = -1396 KJ