Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Tesco Corporation (“TESCO”) has made every effort to ensure that this document contains accurate
and current information for the TESCO top drive, however, the document is intended to be used in
conjunction with a complete training program and on-site supervision and TESCO does not
warrant or guarantee that the information contained herein is either complete or accurate in every
respect, and the reader hereby protects, indemnifies and holds harmless Tesco Corporation together
with its directors, officers, employees and agents from and against all liability for personal injury,
death or property damage to any person arising directly or indirectly from the use by the reader of the
information contained in the document.
Contact Information
Corporate Head Office
3993 W. Sam Houston Parkway No., Suite 100
Houston, Texas, 77043
USA
www.tescocorp.com
Telephone: (713) 359-7000
Fax: (713) 359-7001
Revision Information
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII
Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Mudsaver Valve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Pipe Slips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
How to Make Connections–General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
How to use the Mousehole to Connect Drill Pipe to the Top Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
How to Fully Torque a Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
How to Connect a Single Length of Drill Pipe to the Drill String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
How to Break the Top Drive/Drill Pipe Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
How to Use the Top Drive to Make Up Pipe Stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
How to Make Up Stands in the Rotary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
How to Make Up Pipe Stands Without a Conductor Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
How to Make Up Pipe Stands in the Mousehole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
How to Make Up BHA (Collars and Tools). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
How to Connect Collars Above the Rotary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
How to Use the Top Drive to Ream During Trip Out Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
How to Use the Top Drive to Ream to Bottom During Trip In Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
ENGINEERING SIGN-OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2-1: HMI driller’s panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 3-1: HMI SET and MAX torque relief valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 5-1: Correct tong position to make a connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 5-2: Correct position for elevator links and elevator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 5-3: Connect a single length of pipe to the drill string . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 5-4: Break the top drive/drill pipe connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 5-5: Make up stands in the rotary table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 5-6: Make up pipe stands in the mousehole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 5-7: Connect collars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Figure 6-1: Drill ahead with single lengths of pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 6-2: Drill ahead with pipe stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 7-1: Trip out drill pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 7-2: Trip out collars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 7-3: Trip in tools and collars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Figure 8-1: Neutral weight at the connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Figure 9-1: Pick up casing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 9-2: Run casing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Figure 9-3: Reduce the stress on the torque track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The driller’s panel is a stainless steel enclosed panel that provides access to all required
switches, indicators, mounts, gauges and connectors.
The driller’s panel provides the controls, instrumentation and indicators required for safe oper-
ation of the top drive. The panel mounts at the rig floor, within convenient reach of the driller.
The driller’s panel interfaces with the main panel control system.
Controls
• robotic functions
• power unit functions
• Emergency Shut Down (E.S.D.)
Meters
• Quill rpm
• Differential motor pressure (quill torque)
Indicators
• warnings
• status
Electrical signals are transmitted from the driller’s panel to the top drive to control the follow-
ing:
• robotic functions
• forward torque limit (MAX and SET)
• range (HI/LOW)
• rpm count
• torque measurement
Electrical signals are transmitted from the driller’s panel to the power unit to control the fol-
lowing:
• auxiliary pump (on/off)
• engine speed
• Emergency Shut Down
• pump flow (rate and direction)
• reverse toque limit (break out)
Indicator Lights
Indicator Description
DC POWER This light, when illuminated, indicates that DC power is present at the
(green indicator light) driller’s panel.
EXTEND Use this switch to extend the top drive away from the torque track or
IN/OUT retract the top drive towards the torque track to its original position.
(switch; spring-return to neutral)
VALVE Use this switch to operate the actuator for the mudsaver valve. A
OPEN/CLOSE mechanical link between the actuator and the mudsaver valve opens
(switch; spring-return to neutral) and closes the valve.
VALVE ‘CLOSED’ When this light is illuminated, it indicates that VALVE–CLOSE has
(yellow indicator light) been selected.
GRABBER Use this switch to open and close the grabber. To achieve full clamping
OPEN/CLOSE pressure, keep the switch in the CLOSE position. When full clamping
(switch; OPEN is spring-return to pressure is achieved, you can return the switch to the neutral position
neutral; CLOSE is maintained) without losing pressure at the grabber.
Control/Indicator Description/Function
GRABBER ‘CLOSED’ When this light is illuminated, it indicates that GRABBER–CLOSE has
(red indicator light) been selected at the driller’s panel.
Control/Indicator Description/Function
E.S.D. PULL this button to deactivate the engine if there is an emergency.
(Emergency Shut Down push button) When you pull this button, the rig saver is tripped, and the fuel supply is
shut off.
Note: If you use the E.S.D., you must manually reset the rig saver
before restarting the prime mover.
ELEVATOR–CLOSE
To make tripping operations easier, close the elevators from a switch located on the brake han-
dle. This is a ‘spring-return’ push button that activates a timed sequence (eight seconds) to
ensure that the elevators close completely. The eight-second sequence activates even if the
button is only briefly selected.
The interlock for the drum brake locks out the drum clutch so the driller cannot hoist while the
grabber is engaged. A red warning light located above the GRABBER switch on the driller's
panel indicates the status of the grabber. If this light is illuminated, it indicates that GRAB-
BER–CLOSE is selected. Use the push button on the brake handle to override the lockout fea-
ture.
Note: Use this override during directional drilling operations if you need to hoist
the string when the grabber is closed.
The override button operates a temporary contact. The override works only when the button is
pushed and held. When the button is released, air supply to the clutch control is interrupted,
and the override is no longer active.
Ensure that the engine is warm, then set ‘no load’ speeds as follows.
Caution: Reduce the engine HIGH speed only for special drilling
activities. Consult a qualified Tesco representative before you reset
! the engine HIGH speed.
Caution: Reduce the engine LOW speed only for engine cool-down.
Engine speed must be maintained to ensure the flow rate of the
! charge pump remains adequate.
DRILL One set value is available. The quill rpm is determined by the
Reverse (reverse pressure relief setting) RANGE selected (HIGH or LOW) and
pump output. The speed can be set to
various values.
CONNECT SET TORQUE One preset speed is available.
Forward or (minimum 17 rpm; maximum 20 rpm)
MAX TORQUE (if the MAX TORQUE
button is pressed and held during make
up operations)
CONNECT One set value is available. One preset speed is available.
Reverse (minimum 17 rpm; maximum 20 rpm)
BREAKOUT Maximum torque for the unit in LOW One preset speed
RANGE (in CONNECT MODE) is (minimum 17 rpm; maximum 20 rpm)
available.
MAX TORQUE The MAX TORQUE button applies the Dependent on the function selected.
(push button) maximum torque available when the
quill is rotating forward (CONNECT-
Forward, DRILL-Forward-LOW, DRILL-
Forward-HIGH).
Note: Intermittent maximum torque is
available regardless of whether the
MAX TORQUE switch is ON or OFF.
Torque Control
Two torque settings are available for forward rotation. One is called SET TORQUE; the other
is called MAX TORQUE. Adjust these settings at two pressure relief valves located at the top
drive manifold. Adjust the torque values for SET and MAX TORQUE to match the make up
torque requirements of the drill string and the anticipated drilling conditions.
Maximum torque can be remotely selected at the driller's panel. The MAX TORQUE relief
setting can be locked with a key to prevent unauthorized adjustment.
One torque setting is available for reverse rotation.The torque setting for reverse rotation is
adjusted at a pressure relief valve located on the filter manifold on the power unit.
BREAKOUT Torque
The BREAKOUT function is available only during CONNECT mode with the pumps in
REVERSE direction.
Breakout torque is the maximum torque that the power unit can supply. When you press the
BREAKOUT button, the torque relief is switched from the reverse pressure relief valve on the
filter manifold to the main panel relief valves. These are set to 4,500 psi.
Note: Preset speed must be a minimum of 17 rpm or a maximum of 20 rpm. See
the section on Speed Control for more information.
Speed Control
The speed for connect mode with forward rotation is a preset value that can be adjusted at a
trim pot on the motor pot board. The trim pot is marked Connect-Forward Speed.
The speed for connect mode with reverse rotation is preset value that can be adjusted at a com-
mon trim pot on the motor pot board. The trim pot is marked Reverse Speed.
Note: The preset speed must be a minimum of 17 rpm and a maximum of 20 rpm.
The speed for drill mode with forward or reverse rotation is controlled by a motorized trim pot
on the motor pot board. The operator can adjust the drilling speed from zero to the unit's max-
imum from the driller's panel as required.
Set the MAX TORQUE switch to ON to override the SET TORQUE setting for DRILL–FOR-
WARD operations. This allows the MAX TORQUE value to be achieved without the operator
having to press the MAX TORQUE button. This override can be applied to either high range
or low range operations, but not both. The DRILL MAX TORQUE RANGE keyed switch is
located on the outer right side of the driller's panel, next to the MAX TORQUE button.
Note: The operator can still access maximum torque for other “quill forward”
operations on demand by pressing the MAX TORQUE button.
Caution: This procedure assumes you have already set the speed
setting for Connect–Reverse.
!
Refer to the torque charts for your unit before you adjust the reverse torque setting. The
reverse torque setting should be set to 50% of the make up (set) torque setting.
1. Ensure the relief valve for reverse torque is fully unscrewed. This valve is
located on the filter manifold of the power unit.
2. Ensure that the GRABBER switch is set to OPEN.
3. Ensure that it is safe for the quill to rotate.
4. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
5. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to REV.
Note: Ensure the quill is rotating at 17-20 rpm.
6. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to neutral.
Note: Wait until the quill stops rotating.
7. Position the grabber on the saver sub.
8. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
Note: Ensure that die lock clamps have been installed (these prevent the saver
sub from disconnecting).
9. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
10. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to REV.
11. Monitor the pressure gauge at the driller's panel.
12. Adjust the relief valve at the filter manifold on the power unit to obtain the
required reverse pressure.
13. Cycle the quill rotation from forward to reverse to confirm that the desired
pressure value has been achieved.
14. If the reverse pressure is correct, set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to neutral
(the vertical position between REV and FWD).
CHAPTER 5: MAKING/BREAKING
CONNECTIONS
WARNINGS
Mudsaver Valve
When you operate the mudsaver valve, the valve switch applies pressure to the actuator. If the
quill rotates with pressure applied, seal damage can result. Because of this, a mudsaver inter-
lock stops the quill rotation for five seconds while the valve operates.
Pipe Slips
7. Continue to lower the top drive until the weight indicator begins to fluctuate.
Caution: Ensure that the Vernier dampening valve (located on the
weight indicator) is open.
!
8. Lead the top drive into the connection.
Note: Lower the top drive in small increments as the connection rotates in. Keep a
small amount of weight on the connection (i.e. the weight indicator should register
only a small amount of weight). This prevents the top drive from “lifting” the
stand or single section of drill pipe and damaging the threaded connections.
9. Continue forward rotation until the connection is fully engaged.
Note: The top drive stalls when it reaches the preset SET torque. The forward
rotation speed then drops to zero.
10. Monitor the digital pressure display on the driller’s panel.
11. When the torque matches the required make up torque value, set the PUMPS–
REV/FWD switch to neutral.
12. Wait until the differential pressure value decreases to zero.
13. Remove the back-up tong, or open the grabber (if used).
6. Lower the top drive until the elevator and elevator links are near the rig floor.
Figure 5-2: Correct position for elevator links and elevator
13. When the torque reaches the required torque value to make up the current connec-
tion, set the QUILL switch to NEUTRAL.
Figure 5-3: Connect a single length of pipe to the drill string
Close the grabber on the box of the drill pipe. Use connect-
reverse operations and the BREAKOUT button to break
the connection.
The following procedure assumes that you are making up stands of pipe where there is 60 ft. of
available depth below the rotary table. This is usually possible if conductor pipe is complete.
If no conductor pipe is drilled, refer to “How to Make Up Pipe Stands Without a Conductor
Pipe” on page 30.
Note: Use the floor tugger to make up stands of pipe more efficiently. Use the
floor tugger to place single lengths of pipe in the mousehole while you use the top
drive to make connections in the rotary table.
1. Use the floor tugger to lower a single length of pipe into the mousehole.
2. Lower the top drive.
3. Use the LINK TILT switch to tilt the elevator forward over the mousehole.
Caution: Do not use the EXTEND function to move the top drive
over the mousehole or the travelling blocks might strike the racking
! platform if you hoist the top drive.
1. Use the top drive to pick up a single length of pipe from the mousehole.
2. Use the tugger to insert a second length of pipe into the mousehole.
3. Connect the first length of pipe to the second length of pipe that is in the mousehole.
4. Hoist the connected double length of pipe.
5. Use the tugger to put the third length of pipe into the mousehole. Lower the top drive and
connect the double length of pipe to the third pipe that is in the mousehole.
1. Use the floor tugger to lower a single length of pipe into the mousehole.
2. Lower the top drive.
3. Use the LINK TILT switch to tilt the elevator forward over the mousehole.
Warning! Do not use the EXTEND function to move the top
drive over the mousehole. If you hoist the top
! drive while it is extended, it might collide with the
racking platform.
8. Lower the top drive and pipe and stab the second length of pipe that is in the
mousehole.
Caution: Release all the weight off the elevator to reduce the fric-
tion between the pipe and the elevator.
!
9. Attach chain tongs to the upper and lower lengths of pipe.
Caution: You cannot use most pipe spinners when you make con-
nections at the mousehole.
!
10. Ensure the connection is fully engaged but not tightened.
11. Use the rig tongs to torque the pipe connection to the required specification.
12. Hoist the double length of pipe out of the mousehole.
Warning! Adjust the LINK TILT position as required to
avoid hitting the racking platform while you hoist
! the top drive. The same caution applies when
you use the EXTEND function.
13. Use the floor tugger to lower the third length of pipe into the mousehole.
14. Lower the top drive and double length of pipe to stab the third pipe that is in the
mousehole.
Warning! Adjust the LINK TILT position to avoid hitting the
racking platform while you make this connection.
!
15. Release all the weight off the elevator to reduce the friction between the pipe and
the elevator.
16. Attach chain tongs to the double and single lengths of pipe.
17. Ensure the connection is fully engaged but not tightened.
18. Use the rig tongs to torque the pipe connection to the required specification.
19. Hoist the completed triple stand of pipe until the bottom of the stand is above the
floor racking area.
Warning! Use caution when the pipe stand clears the
mousehole; the stand will tend to swing to the
! vertical position. Move the elevator links and
elevator to hole centre to avoid hitting the
racking platform when you hoist the top drive.
When the LINK TILT function is used to move collars, remember the link tilt cylinders have
limitations. If the elevator links are extended over the mousehole and connected to a collar,
they might return to hole center when the top drive is raised. If this occurs, hydraulic oil will
be directed over the safety relief valve.
WELL CONTROL
As the owner/operator of a top drive, you must establish guidelines and procedures for all pos-
sible well control situations. These guidelines and procedures should reflect industry standard
practice for your operating location and conditions.
In most cases, the addition of a top drive will not significantly change the established proce-
dures for well control. Whenever possible, use the same well control procedures established
prior to the addition of a top drive.
All personnel must be trained to adhere to safe operating practices and should be periodically
tested to verify their skill level.
Use only drillable pick-up subs for tripping operations. A drillable pick-up sub has a 5ft.
length of tube on which the elevators can slide up and down. The threaded connections at the
top of the drillable pick-up sub are the same as those on the saver sub, while those at the bot-
tom of the drillable pick-up sub are the same as those on the drill collars. This allows the drill-
able pick-up sub to be threaded into drill collars and used as a pick-up sub for racking
operations. A drillable pick-up sub allows you to ream and back-ream during tripping opera-
tions, if required.
This procedure assumes that the top drive is at floor level and connected to the drill string.
Figure 6-1: Drill ahead with single lengths of pipe
1. Break out the connection between the top drive and the drill pipe.
2. Pick up a single length of pipe from the mousehole.
3. Connect the pipe to the top drive and the drill string.
4. Remove the slips and drill ahead.
1. Raise the bit 1-2 ft. off the bottom of the hole.
2. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to NEUTRAL.
3. Allow the reactive torque to release.
Caution: As the torque releases, the drill string may rotate slightly.
Wait until the rotation ceases before you continue.
!
4. Set the slips.
5. Shut off the rig mud pump.
6. Monitor the standpipe pressure gauge and wait for the mud pump pressure to
decrease to zero.
7. Set the mudsaver VALVE switch to CLOSE.
8. Position the grabber so that it will close on the box of the drill pipe.
9. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
Warning! Do not close the grabber on the saver sub or the
hard band of the drill pipe.
!
10. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
11. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to REV.
Note: The top drive torque will increase to the preset value.
12. Press and hold the BREAKOUT button.
Note: Torque increases until it reaches the maximum value available for breakout
torque for the unit.
13. When the quill rotates 1/2 turn, release the BREAKOUT button.
14. Immediately set the GRABBER switch to OPEN.
Note: This allows you to raise the top drive in small increments and minimizes the
load on the threads as the connection unscrews. The counter-balance system also
assists with thread disengagement.
15. Lead the top drive out of the drill pipe connection.
Note: To avoid damaging the pipe threads, do not let the weight of the top drive
rest on the connection while it unscrews.
16. When the connection unscrews completely, set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to
neutral.
17. Hoist the top drive until the elevator clears the drill string stump in the rotary
table.
18. Set the ELEVATOR switch to OPEN, then push and hold the elevator SAFETY
OPEN button.
19. Use the LINK TILT switch to move the elevator forward so that it is above the
mousehole.
20. Lower the top drive until the elevator reaches the drill pipe in the mousehole.
21. Position the elevator on the drill pipe, then set the ELEVATOR switch to CLOSE.
22. Hoist the top drive until the single length of pipe is above the drill pipe stump in
the rotary table.
23. Press the FLOAT button to bring the elevator to the vertical position.
Caution: Rig floor personnel should stabilize the lower end of the
drill pipe.
!
24. Lower the top drive and stab the drill pipe connection.
25. Position a back-up tong on the box connection of the stump.
26. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
27. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
28. Lower the top drive further until the pipe makes contact with the saver sub.
29. Use the LINK TILT function to guide the pipe through the drill pipe guide.
30. Lead the top drive into the connection until the pipe/pipe and pipe/saver sub con-
nections are fully engaged but not tightened.
Note: When both connections are fully engaged, the break-out tongs will tighten
and the top drive will stall.
31. Wait until the torque increases to the required make up torque for the connection.
32. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to NEUTRAL.
33. Remove the break-out tong.
34. Set the ELEVATOR switch to OPEN, and press and hold the ELEVATOR
SAFETY OPEN button.
35. Set the LINK TILT switch to BACK. This moves the elevator away from the drill
string and avoids unnecessary wear of the elevator inserts.
36. Set the VALVE switch to OPEN.
37. If required, start the rig mud pump.
38. Hoist the top drive and drill string.
39. Remove the slips.
40. Set the MODE switch to DRILL.
41. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
42. Use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to increase the rpm to the desired drilling
speed.
1. Break out the connection between the top drive and the drill pipe.
2. Pick up a stand of pipe from the racking platform.
3. Connect the stand of pipe to the top drive and the drill string.
4. Remove the slips and drill ahead.
1. Raise the bit 1-2 ft. off the bottom of the hole.
2. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to NEUTRAL.
3. Allow the reactive torque to release.
Caution: As the torque releases, the drill string may rotate slightly.
Wait until the rotation ceases before you continue.
!
4. Set the slips.
5. Shut off the rig mud pump.
6. Monitor the standpipe pressure gauge and wait for the mud pump pressure to
decrease to zero.
7. Set the mudsaver VALVE switch to CLOSE.
8. Position the grabber so that it will close on the box of the drill pipe.
33. Lead the top drive into the connection until the pipe/pipe and pipe/saver sub con-
nections are fully engaged but not tightened.
Note: When both connections are fully engaged, the break-out tongs will tighten
and the top drive will stall.
34. Wait until the torque increases to the required make up torque for the connection.
35. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to neutral.
36. Remove the break-out tong.
37. Set the ELEVATOR switch to OPEN, and press and hold the ELEVATOR
SAFETY OPEN button.
38. Set the LINK TILT switch to BACK. This moves the elevator away from the drill
string and avoids unnecessary wear of the elevator inserts.
39. Set the VALVE switch to OPEN.
40. If required, start the rig mud pump.
41. Hoist the top drive and drill string.
42. Remove the slips.
43. Set the MODE switch to DRILL.
44. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
45. Use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to increase the RPM to the desired drilling
speed.
46. Commence drilling.
Introduction
In slide drilling operations, power to the bit is supplied using downhole mud motors. As a
result, the drill string does not rotate during drilling operations. This procedure addresses how
to make and break connections during slide drilling operations.
During extended periods of slide drilling, set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE, then back to
neutral, once every hour. This helps to maintain full pressure in the grabber–close hydraulic
circuit.
1. Trip in the drill pipe and mud motor until the mud motor reaches the bottom of the
hole. Refer to “Tripping Operations” on page 49.
2. Connect the top drive to the drill string by lowering the top drive until the drill
pipe makes contact with the saver sub.
Note: Use the LINK TILT feature to guide the drill pipe into the drill pipe guide.
3. Position the grabber to close on the box of the drill pipe.
4. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
5. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
6. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
7. Lead the top drive into the connection until the pipe/saver sub connection is fully
engaged but not tightened.
8. Wait until the torque increases to the required value for the current thread and con-
nection type.
9. As soon as the torque reaches the required value to make up the connection, set
the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to NEUTRAL.
10. Set the GRABBER switch to OPEN.
11. Reposition the grabber to close on the saver sub.
12. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
13. Set the VALVE switch to OPEN.
14. Start the rig mud pump.
15. Hoist the top drive and drill string.
16. Remove the slips.
17. Start drilling by lowering the top drive.
You might have to adjust the orientation of the tool face to drill in the required direction when
you drill with a mud motor. Refer to the next section, “How to Adjust the Tool Face Orienta-
tion”.
4. When you observe deflection of the grabber box, set the GRABBER switch to
OPEN.
Note: If the torque in the drill string matches the torque of the top drive, you can
open the grabber with no rotation (static).
5. Reorient the tool face by doing one of the following:
a. To turn the drill string clockwise, use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to
increase the torque slowly. Increasing the torque allows the top drive to over-
come the reactive torque of the downhole motor. When this happens, the drill
string slowly turns clockwise.
Note: When you achieve the required tool face orientation, slowly decrease
the torque until the quill stalls, then close the grabber.
b. To turn the drill string counter-clockwise, use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR
switch to decrease the torque slowly. Decreasing the torque allows the down-
hole motor to overcome the torque of the top drive, and the drill string turns
slowly counter-clockwise.
Note: When you achieve the required tool face orientation, slowly increase
the torque until the quill stalls, then close the grabber.
6. Commence drilling.
!
2. Set the GRABBER switch to OPEN.
3. Reposition the grabber to close on the box of the drill pipe.
4. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
5. Shut off the rig mud pump.
6. Monitor the standpipe pressure gauge and wait for the mud pump pressure to
decrease to zero.
7. Set the mudsaver VALVE switch to CLOSE.
8. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
9. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD to REV.
Note: The top drive torque increases to the preset value.
10. Press and hold the BREAKOUT button.
Note: Torque increases until it reaches the maximum break out torque value for
your top drive unit.
11. When the saver sub/pipe connection breaks and rotates 1/2 turn, release the
BREAKOUT button.
12. Immediately set the GRABBER switch to OPEN.
Note: This allows you to raise the top drive in small increments as the connection
unscrews.
13. Lead the top drive out of the drill pipe connection.
Note: To avoid damaging the pipe threads, do not allow the weight of the top
drive to sit on the connection while it unscrews.
14. When the connection completely unscrews, set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to
neutral.
15. Hoist the top drive high enough to allow the elevator to pass over the stump.
16. Use the top drive elevator to pick up the required drill pipe.
Note: You may slide drill with either single lengths of pipe or stands of pipe.
Refer to “How to Drill Ahead with Single Lengths of Pipe” on page 38 and “How
to Drill Ahead with Pipe Stands” on page 41 for more information.
17. Hoist the top drive until the bottom pin of the pipe stand clears the stump.
18. Press the FLOAT button.The elevator and pipe stand will move to hole center.
19. Position the break-out tong on the box connection of the stump.
20. Lower the top drive until the drill pipe makes contact with the saver sub.
Note: Use the LINK TILT function to guide the drill pipe into the drill pipe guide.
21. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
22. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
23. Lead the top drive into the connection until the pipe/pipe and pipe/saver sub con-
nections are fully engaged but not tightened.
Note: When both connections are fully engaged, the break-out tongs will tighten
and the top drive will stall. It is also possible that the top drive will torque into the
locked rotary table.
24. Wait until the DELVERED TORQUE gauge increases to required value for the
connection type.
25. As soon as the torque reaches the required value to make up connections, set the
PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to neutral.
26. Remove the break-out tong.
27. Reposition the grabber to close on the saver sub.
28. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
29. Set the mudsaver VALVE switch to open.
30. Start the rig mud pump.
31. Hoist the top drive and drill pipe.
32. Remove the slips.
Danger! Exercise caution when removing the slips. Stored
drill string torque may spin the slips when the drill
! string is hoisted.
Caution: The rotary table must remain locked during this proce-
dure.
!
TESCO recommends that you mark the position of the drill string so you can monitor whether
or not some of the stored torque in the drill string is released when you make a connection.
In some instances it might be necessary to remove the slips while the grabber is still open. In
this case, the top drive must absorb the torque in the drill string. Use the following procedure
to allow the top drive to safely absorb the torque in the drill string.
1. Set the MODE switch to DRILL.
2. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
3. Refer to the following procedure, “How to Record the Drill String Torque”, for
more information.Use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to decrease the quill
torque to zero.
4. Use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to increase the quill torque slowly until the
torque at the top drive matches the torque in the drill string. Refer to the following
procedure, “How to Record the Drill String Torque”, for more information.
5. When the torque reaches the required value, hoist the top drive and remove the
slips.
In most cases, the addition of a top drive will not significantly change the established well con-
trol procedures. Whenever possible, use the same well control procedures established prior to
the addition of a top drive.
All personnel must be trained to adhere to safe operating practices and should be periodically
tested to verify their skill level.
Caution: If the top drive is connected to the drill string when the
drill string is off the bottom of the hole, the following equipment is
! required:
· additional saver sub
· spare double-ball mudsaver valve
· strip kit (tools required to remove mudsaver actuator)
If you plan to connect the top drive to the drill string when it is off the bottom of the hole,
TESCO recommends that you remove the actuator and service the entire assembly on a regular
basis.
1. Break out the connection between the top drive and the drill pipe (if required).
2. Hoist the top drive with the drill pipe in the elevators.
3. Break the drill pipe connection. Rack the stand.
4. Lower the top drive to pick up the next stand of drill pipe.
4. Use the LINK TILT feature to position the top drive elevator to accept a pick-up
sub.
5. Set the ELEVATOR switch to CLOSE.
6. Hoist the top drive to position the pick-up sub above the collar.
7. Push the FLOAT button. This allows the elevator and pick-up sub to 'float' to hole
center.
8. Lower the top drive to stab the pick-up sub into the top collar.
9. Use chain tongs to fully engage the connection between the pick-up sub and the
collar.
Caution: Torque the connection to prevent it from unscrewing.
!
10. Remove the safety clamp.
11. Hoist the top drive and remove the slips.
12. Hoist the top drive until the required number of collars are above the rotary table.
13. Set the slips and attach a safety clamp.
14. Use rig tongs to break the connection between the collar segments.
15. When the connection is loosened, use the rotary table or chain tongs to fully
unscrew the connection.
16. Hoist the collar(s).
17. Allow rig floor personnel to position the bottom of the collar for racking.
18. Use the LINK TILT feature to tilt the collar(s) toward the derrickman.
Note: You can also use the EXTEND function.
19. When the derrickman has control of the collar(s), set the ELEVATOR switch to
OPEN, and push and hold the ELEVATOR SAFETY OPEN button.
20. Release the collar(s) and the pick-up sub.
Note: The pick-up sub will remain on the collar(s) to facilitate ‘trip in’ operations.
21. Repeat this procedure for each collar or stand of collars.
TRIP IN OPERATIONS
1. Pick up a stand of collars from the racking board. A pick-up sub should already be
attached to the collar.
2. Connect the tools or collars at the rig floor.
3. Lower the stand of collars through the rotary table and set the slips. Attach a safety
clamp.
4. Remove the pick-up sub from the collar and set it to the side.
5. Hoist the top drive to the racking board and pick up the next stand of collars.
1. Use the top drive to lower the first section (bit and tools) into the rotary table.
Note: If acceptable, the floor tugger may also be used to perform this step.
2. Set the slips and, if applicable, attach a safety clamp.
3. Use the rig tongs to break out the joint of the pick-up sub.
4. Set the ELEVATOR switch to OPEN, and push and hold the ELEVATOR
SAFETY OPEN button.
5. Hoist the top drive to the racking platform.
6. Use the chain tongs to unscrew the pick-up sub.
7. Use the floor tugger to remove the pick-up sub.
8. Set the LINK TILT switch to FWD.
9. Use the EXTEND function, if necessary, to accept the first collar from the derrick-
man.
10. Position the elevator on the collar of the pick-up sub.
11. Set the ELEVATOR button to CLOSE.
12. Hoist the top drive and the stand of collars/tools from the racking area.
13. Press the FLOAT button. This will bring elevator and elevator links to the vertical
position.
Caution: If you used the EXTEND function, bring the top drive to the
IN position.
!
14. Allow rig personnel to hold the bottom of the stand and carefully move it to hole
center.
15. Lower the top drive and stab the lower connection.
16. Use the chain tongs or spinning chain to connect the collar to the stump.
17. Use rig tongs to torque the connection to specification.
18. Remove the safety clamp.
19. Hoist the top drive and the drill string.
20. Remove the slips.
21. Lower the stand of collars/tools through the rotary table to the appropriate height
for the next connection.
22. Set the slips and install a safety clamp.
23. Use the rig tongs to break out the pick-up sub.
24. Use the chain tongs to unscrew the pick-up sub from the top collar.
25. Use the LINK TILT switch to bring the elevator forward and position the pick-up
sub where you can remove it from the rig floor by using the floor tugger.
26. Set the ELEVATOR switch to OPEN, and push and hold the ELEVATOR
SAFETY OPEN button.
27. Hoist the top drive and pick up the next collar or stand of collars.
28. Repeat this procedure for all collars.
REAMING OPERATIONS
How to Use the Top Drive to Ream During Trip Out Operations
• Ream: to enlarge the diameter of a wellbore.
Reaming is performed whenever a tight spot is encountered during trip out operations. This
most commonly occurs when a collar encounters an obstruction or a narrowing in the open
hole.
If you use the top drive to perform tripping operations, the drill pipe and bottom hole assembly
(BHA–tools and collars) will be suspended from the top drive elevator. In order to ream, the
top drive must be connected to the drill string and the tight section must be worked until the
drill string can pass freely. To continue tripping operations after the obstruction is cleared, the
top drive must be disconnected and the drill string suspended from the elevator.
Use the following procedure if you encounter a tight spot while tripping out (the weight indi-
cator displays more than the weight of the drill string), or if the drill string is stuck:
1. Lower the top drive and the drill string.
Note: Ensure that the uppermost drill pipe connection is in position to connect to
the top drive.
2. Set the slips.
3. Lower the top drive until the saver sub contacts the drill pipe.
4. Position the grabber to close on the box connection of the drill pipe.
5. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
Note: Ensure the grabber closes on the box connection of the drill pipe.
6. Set the MODE switch to CONNECT.
7. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to FWD.
8. Lower the top drive into the connection.
Note: Do not allow the top drive weight to sit on the threaded connection.
9. Fully engage the connection between the saver sub and the drill pipe.
10. When the torque reaches the required torque for the connection, set the PUMPS–
REV/FWD switch to neutral.
11. Set the GRABBER switch to OPEN.
Reaming to bottom is performed whenever a tight spot is encountered during trip in opera-
tions.
If you use the top drive for tripping operations, the drill pipe or BHA (tools and collars) will be
suspended from the top drive elevator. In order to ream ahead, the top drive must be connected
to the drill string and the tight section must be worked until the drill string can pass freely. To
continue tripping operations after the obstruction is cleared, the top drive must be discon-
nected and the drill string suspended from the elevator.
Use the following procedure if you encounter a tight spot during trip in operations (weight
comes off the weight indicator).
1. Hoist the top drive to lift the bottom hole assembly (BHA) above the tight spot.
Note: Ensure that the uppermost drill pipe connection is in position to connect to
the top drive.
2. Set the slips.
3. Lower the top drive until the saver sub contacts the drill pipe.
4. Set the GRABBER switch to CLOSE.
5. Set the MODE switch to CONN.
TESCO recommends that you do not jar the drill string while the drill pipe is suspended from
the elevator. If access to the drill pipe is absolutely necessary (for wireline or logging, for
example), then ensure that the elevator is closed and the elevator hydraulic hoses are removed.
Note: You can apply torque when working or jarring pipe, if necessary.
The decision to back off a drill string has significant financial and operational implica-
tions. Back off of a drill string should never be authorized or undertaken until all inter-
ested parties have agreed to the procedure.
1. Set the DRILL torque for reverse rotation to 70% of the make up torque.
Note: See “How to Set the Reverse Torque” on page 17 for more information.
2. Position wireline tools and the charge device at the connection where you want
the drill string to disconnect.
3. Set the MODE switch to DRILL.
4. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to REV.
5. Work the drill pipe up and down and slowly increase the quill speed in very small
increments.
Note: Use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR switch to adjust the pump flow so that it just
holds the torque steady.
Caution: Excessive RPM or torque will force oil over the relief valve,
and this could result in excessive heat. Always monitor the temper-
! ature of the case drain for overheating.
Note: If you need to increase the torque in stages, use the PUMPS–DECR/INCR
switch, and increase the torque slowly. Monitor the differential pressure gauge at
the driller’s panel.
6. When the correct amount of torque has been put into the drill string (indicated
when the correct torque value appears on the torque gauge and the pipe stops turn-
ing), then close the grabber.
7. Set the PUMPS–REV/FWD switch to neutral.
8. Reposition the blocks.
Caution: The blocks should be positioned to achieve neutral weight
at the connection to be shot. This means that the weight indicator
! reading should equal the weight of the free portion of drill pipe.
Caution: If the weight indicator falls, this may indicate that the drill
pipe has parted above the expected connection. If this occurs, do
! not hoist. It might be possible to re-establish the connection. Evalu-
ate the situation before proceeding.
Caution: If you use elevator links longer than 12 ft., do not use the
LINK TILT function. Consult a TESCO representative if you must
! use links longer than 12 ft.
1. Use the pick-up elevators to lower the first joint of casing through the floor slip ele-
vators.
2. Close the slips. Fill up the casing, if required at this point.
3. Use the pick-up elevators to pick up the next joint of casing. Use casing tongs to
make up the connection between the two joints of casing.
4. When the connection is complete, release the pick-up elevators and attach running
elevators.
5. Open the floor slip elevators and lower the casing.
Caution: Whenever possible, use the EXTEND and LINK TILT func-
tions to reduce the stress on the torque track.
!
2. Ensure that floor personnel are ready to control the bottom of the casing joint.
3. Slowly hoist the top drive to move the casing to the drill floor.
Warning! The weight of the casing tends to pull the top
drive away from the torque track. This strains the
! stabilization devices for the torque track.
19. Lower the casing into the wellbore to the desired connection height.
20. Attach a safety clamp.
21. Set the slips on the casing.
22. Unlatch the casing running elevators.
23. If required, lower the top drive the stab the fill-up tool into the casing stump.
24. Fill the casing as required.
25. Repeat this procedure as required for all joints of casing.
Caution: Never suspend the weight of the top drive from the torque
tube during slip and cut operations. Instead, rest part of the weight
! of the top drive on a single length of drill pipe secured in the rotary
table, and suspend the remainder of the weight from the block
sling.
CEMENTING OPERATIONS
Do not run cement through the top drive unless it is absolutely necessary. Cement causes wear
and, if allowed to harden, will irreparably damage the top drive.
If you suspend a cement head from the top drive elevator ensure the following conditions
exist:
• The elevator links are long enough to accommodate the cement head.
• The elevator hydraulic hoses are disconnected.
Note: Disconnect the hydraulic hose when the cement head is in position and the eleva-
tors are closed.
When you use a flow-through cement head, some cement might enter the quill and mud valve.
After you complete cementing operations, TESCO advises that you flush the quill, mudsaver
valve and lower Kelly valve thoroughly. Operate the mudsaver and Kelly valves to ensure they
work properly.
When you suspend a turn-down sheave from the elevator, remove the elevator hydraulic hoses.
This will prevent accidental opening of the elevator.
TESCO's wireline/slickline guide attaches to the front of the grabber. The guide leads the
wireline/slickline from the front of the top drive to the center of the hole. Guide rollers prevent
the line from running over sharp corners that can cause damage.
If you use the wireline/slickline guide, place the grabber leg in the fully ‘up’ position, if possi-
ble.
Grabber Leg
Grabber Box
Guide Roller
Warning! You can use the top drive to pick up heavy loads
from the V-door, if you use the following
! procedure. Care, attention and common sense
must be used in addition to this procedure.
1. Connect the elevators links on the top drive to the load you want to pick up. Use
slings that are strong enough to support the load.
2. Connect a rig winch to the load you want to pick up.
3. Hoist the top drive with the extend frame completely retracted until the slings are
tight and the top drive is beginning to pick up the load.
4. At this point, hold the EXTEND switch at the IN position to maintain pressure on
the extend cylinders. This will prevent the extend frame from “opening up” while
the load is lifted. The force of gravity, combined with the load and the angle at
which it is being lifted, will tend to pull the extend frame open.
5. If the load is too heavy, and holding the EXTEND switch in the IN position is not
sufficient to keep the extend frame retracted, pick up the load with the rig winch.
This will create less pull on the extend frame and allow it to stay retracted. The
top drive, with the extend frame retracted, can be hoisted vertically with no
chance of the torque bushing binding on the torque track.
6. Continue to hoist the load until it is at the level required.
Warning! The extend frame must remain retracted at all
times when you are hoisting any heavy load. If it
! is allowed to extend, the torque bushing can
bind on the torque track and damage the extend
frame and extend cylinders. For this reason,
always use a rig winch to help lift the load. If
done carefully, most normal drilling equipment
can be lifted using the above procedure.
Tesco recommends the use of this checklist for the safety of all personnel who work with the tesco top drive and
for the top drive’s continued operation.
After continuous jarring, or severe surface jarring, check components as indicated below:
Check the clearance between the load collar and the load nut
Comments:
Copyright Tesco Corporation Updated April 2005 Tesco Part Number 881001 Rev B
INDEX
A drill pipe
about the top drive, 1 connect to the drill string, 25
AUX PUMP switch, 6 connect to the top drive at the mousehole, 23
make connections, general, 22
make up triples, 30
B
driller’s panel
BHA
controls, 5
make up, 33
features, 3
trip in, 54
gauges, 8
trip out, 52
general description, 3
brake handle, 8
indicators, 5
elevator-close, 8
non-robotic functions, 7
BREAKOUT push button, 7
robotic functions, 6
BREAKOUT torque control, 13
warning lights, 5
C E
cautions
E.S.D. push button, 8
elevator links, 34
ELEVATOR switch, 6
EXTEND function, 29
ELEVATOR-CLOSE
making or breaking connections, 21
brake handle, 8
mudsaver valve, 21
engine speeds, 11
pick-up elevators, 33
cautions, 11
saver sub torque, 19
ENGINE switch, 7
slips, 21
engine torque and speed, 11
trapped torque, 21
EXTEND function
Vernier dampening valve, 23
cautions, 29
collars and tools
EXTEND switch, 6
make up, 33
CONNECT mode, 13
set forward speed, 16 F
set reverse speed, 16 FLOAT push button, 6
speed control, 13
connections G
break connection to top drive, 27 gauges on the driller’s panel, 8
cautions, 21 GRABBER ’CLOSED’ light, 7
connect collars above the rotary table, 35 GRABBER switch, 6
connect pipe single to drill sting, 25 GRABBER-Drawworks override, 8
general overview, 22
how to connect drill pipe at the mousehole, 23
I
how to fully torque, 25
information, where to find more, 1
make up BHA (collars and tools), 33
make up pipe stands, 31
make up triples, 30 L
mousehole, 23 LINK TILT switch, 6
pre-operational procedures, 22
M
D make connections
die lock clamp installation, 19 general, 22
DRILL mode speed control, 13 precautions, 22
MAX torque S
how to adjust, 13 SAFETY OPEN push button, 6
how to use, 15 saver sub installation, 19
MAX torque override, 15 SET torque, 15
MAX TORQUE push button, 7 speed
MODE switch, 7 set forward speed, CONNECT mode, 16
mousehole set reverse speed, CONNECT mode, 16
make up stands, 31 speed available, 11
use to make connections, 23 speed control, 13
mudsaver valve forward or reverse rotation drill mode, 13
cautions, 21 forward rotation connect mode, 13
reverse rotation connect mode, 13
N speed, setting, 16
non-robotic functions, 7
T
O TILT switch, 6
override torque
ELEVATOR-CLOSE, 8 adjust MAX torque, 13
GRABBER-Drawworks, 8 adjust SET torque, 15
how to set reverse torque, 17
MAX torque function, 15
P
MAX torque override, 15
pipe
set for forward rotation, 13
break connection with top drive, 27
trapped in drill string, 21
connect to drill string, 25
torque available, 11
make up triples, 30
torque control, 12
pipe stands
breakout, 13
make up in mousehole, 31
forward rotation, 12
make up in rotary table, 28
reverse rotation, 12
pipe stands, how to make up, 28
torquing connections, 25
pre-operational procedures
install the die lock clamp, 19
install the saver sub, 19 V
prime mover engine speeds, 11 VALVE ’CLOSED’ light, 6
PUMPS DECR/INCR switch, 7 VALVE switch, 6
PUMPS REV/FWD switch, 7
PUMPS-FWD control, 12
PUMPS-REV control, 12
Q
QUILL RPM gauge, 8
QUILL TORQUE gauge, 8
R
RANGE switch, 7
remote brake handle, 8
reverse torque, setting, 17
robotic functions
controls and indicators, 6
ROBOTICS ’ON’ light, 6
rotary table
connect collars, 35
make up pipe stands, 28