Introduction to Philosophy:

It is a meaning, nature, scope, goals, importance, branches, and epoch (particular historical
time period that one belongs to) of a subject which exist in the world. These subjects are
science, aesthetics, politics, ethics, religion, epistemology, logic, and metaphysics which
are branches of philosophy. In generally philosophy can be defined as the desire for
learning and study. According to the Oxford Dictionary the philosophy is, the study of the
fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence; a set of theories of a particular
philosopher; the study of the theoretical basis of a branch of knowledge or experience.
Science is the branch of knowledge which formulate hypotheses that meet the logical
criteria of contingency, falsifiability, and testability. Aesthetics means the exploration of
the nature of beauty, art, and the taste with the creation and appreciation of beauty. Logic
is the systematic rules for thinking rationally. In logic conclusions are made by constructing
arguments whilst ensuring the validity of them. The religion is a branch of philosophy
concerned with questions regarding religion.

Philosophy is a process carried out by the philosophers. It is a theoretical activity aiming,

like all theoretical activities, at discovering the truth. It has a subject-matter, and discipline-
specific methods, though it is unclear what exactly they are. But this is true of other
disciplines as well. The philosophy majorly divides in to metaphysics, epistemology, and
ethics. Metaphysics includes parts of the philosophies of mind, language and science. In so
far as these too study the language, the mind, and the objects of scientific theories as natural
phenomena and parts of the world. Other branches of these philosophies belong to
epistemology. Epistemology examines our mental action or process of acquiring
knowledge through thought, experience, and the senses contact with the world. Ethics
includes the other normative branches of philosophy, as philosophy of law, social
philosophy, aesthetics and the theory of rationality. According to many Philosophers,
philosophy is a process of analysis, criticism, interpretation, and speculation. The analysis
is the synthesis and antithesis of how something done. So synthesis referred putting ideas
together or event of the same characteristics. Antithesis is removing of ideas which
irrelevant for philosophy. Criticism is a process of commenting or giving a judgment, even
it is positive or negative. Interpretation is demonstration of ideas. Speculation is being
satisfied.
Concepts and Ideas of Philosophy:

Many philosophers and scientists interpret philosophy in various ways. Johann Georg
Hamann, Pierre Hadot, Kierkegaard, Karl Marx, Marcus Garvey, Aristotle, and Plato are
some of the philosophers who gives ideas about philosophy. According to Johann Georg
Hamann, “A thirsty ambition for truth and virtue, and a frenzy to conquer all lies and vices
which are not recognized as such nor desire to be; herein consists the heroic spirit of the
philosopher.” It says that the excitement to find, search, and study truth is the philosophy.
So it eliminates the lies and crucial actions based on wrong attitudes. And it is said that
philosophers are majorly contribute for the definition of philosophy.

As said by Pierre Hadot, “Ancient philosophy proposed to mankind an art of living. By

contrast, modern philosophy appears above all as the construction of a technical jargon
reserved for specialists.” It comprehend that in past period of time philosophy suggest to
the society a living pattern. But in modern life the technology interact to affect the behavior.
It means in old times people have a natural method of living. But with time current human
life is become artificial and industrial. So philosophy comes to play the major role of human
life. It is said “The crucial thing is to find a truth that is truth for me, to find the idea for
which I am willing to live and die. Of what use would it be to me to discover a so-called
objective truth ... constructing a world I did not live in but merely held up for others to
see.” by Kierkegaard. As said by Seneca, “Philosophy ... molds and constructs the soul; it
orders our life, guides our conduct, shows us what we should do and what we should leave
undone; it sits at the helm and directs our course as we waver amid uncertainties.”
According to Petrarch, “As long as your love is true and the wisdom true which you love,
you shall be a true philosopher.” According to Georg Lichtenberg, “Do not commence
your exercises in philosophy in those regions where an error can deliver you over to the
executioner. It is said, “Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers
to its questions, since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true, but rather
for the sake of the questions themselves.” by Bertrand Russell.

It is said, “To be a philosopher, that is to say, a lover of wisdom (for wisdom is nothing but
truth), it is not enough for a man to love truth, in so far as it is compatible with his own
interest, with the will of his superiors, with the dogmas of the church, or with the prejudices
and tastes of his contemporaries. ... For this title of honor is well and wisely conceived
precisely by its stating that one should love the truth earnestly and with one’s whole heart,
and thus unconditionally and unreservedly, above all else, and, if need be, in defiance of
all else. ... The intellect has become free, and in this state it does not even know or
understand any other interest than that of truth.” by Arthur Schopenhauer.
Conclusion:

According to my point of view philosophy is a vast area which let us comprehend about
the world in various disciplines. In other hand it allows us to study about various subjects
as we love. The philosophy let us to study our lives. The philosophy always let us to
questioned what, why, and how concepts, ideas, and other unknown subjects to implement
and comprehend the truth of them. For example we can examine the field of civil
engineering. But it is a wide discipline of study. So we need to study the sub categories of
it. As a sub category environmental engineering can be studied. Then we can examine
“What” it exactly consist of. Answers will be conservation of natural environment, build
up natural biological cycles, and etc. As the answer for “Why”, the insurance of the
existence of nature or the environment, can be given. Then arise the question “How”. Then
we need to find out a path to do the job.

The philosophy also helps to study about the human behavior in a society. In other words
social sciences. Simultaneously it helps to understand ourselves. The philosophy guide us
as said by philosophers to success out lives. It comprehend us that how people believe on
another and how they value each other. As my idea people need to believe and value each
other equally. Through philosophy we can study believes of various human kinds. As an
example we can argue, steal intellectual property is wrong or right. Some mankind will
believe that steal is right where I believe that it is wrong.

As I understand philosophy is study of any subject exist in the world as one wishes. And
teaches us how should we live, what is good and evil, what is best way to live, what is
justice, and is right and wrong same everywhere or different. So it is very important aspect
in the world.