TERM DEFINITION DRAWING

Determination of load effects (force,

ELASTIC moment, stress as appropriate) on
ANALYSIS members and connections base to the
assumption that material deformation
disappears on removal of the force that
produced it.

A material which has an idealized stress-

ELASTIC- stain curve that varies linearly from the
PERFECTLY point of zero strain and zero stress up to
PLASTIC the yield point of the material, and then
increases in strain at the value of the
yield stress without any further increases
in stress.

A steel component casting a concrete

EMBEDMENT structure which is used to transmit
externally applied loads to the concrete
structure by means of bearing, shear,
bond, friction or any combination
thereof. The embedment may be
fabricated of structural-steel plates,
shapes, bars, bolts, pipe, studs, concrete,
reinforcing bars, shear connectors or any
combination thereof.
A steel-framed structure in which all of
ENCASED the individual frame members are
STEEL completely encased in cast-in-place
STRUCTURE concrete.

The mathematical relationship

EULER expressing the value of the Euler load in
FORMULA terms of the terms of the modulus of
elasticity, the moment of inertia of the
cross section and the length of a column.

The critical load of a perfectly straight,

EULER LOAD centrally loaded, pin-ended column
 A particularly type of pin-connected
EYEBAR tension member of uniform thickness
with forged or flame cut head of greater
width than the body proportioned to
provide approximately equal strength in
the head and body/

FACTORED The product of the nominal load and a

LOAD load factor.

Generic term for welds, bolts, rivets or

FASTENER other connecting device.

A fracture phenomenon resulting from a

FATIGUE fluctuating stress cycle.

Analysis bases on the first-order

FIRST-ORDER deformations in which equilibrium
ANALYSIS conditions are formulated on the
undeformed structure.

A plate in which the longitudinal edges

FLAME-CUT have been prepared by oxygen cutting
PLATE from a large plate.

For a rectangular tube, the nominal width

FLAT WIDTH minus twice the outside corner radius. In
the absence of knowledge of the corner
radius, the flat width may be taken as the
total section width minus three times the
thickness.
A connection permitting a portion, but
FLEXIBLE not all, of the simple beam rotation of a
CONNECTION member end,

FLOOR The system of structural components

SYSTEM separating the stories of a building.
 Resultant of distribution of stress over a
FORCE prescribed area. A reaction that develops
in a member as a result of load(formerly
called total stress or stress). Generic term
signifying axial loads, bending moment,
torques and shears.

Measurement of the ability to absorb

FRACTURE energy without fracture. Generally
TOUGHNESS determined by impact loading of
specimens containing a notch having a
prescribed geometry.

FRAME A condition under which bifurcation may

BUCKLING occur in a frame

A condition under which a frame

FRAME deforms with increasing lateral
INSTABILITY deflection under a system of increasing
applied monotonic loads until a
maximum value of the load called the
“stability limit” is reached, after which
the frame will continue to deflect
without further increase in load.

FULLY A composite beam with sufficient shear

COMPOSITE connector to develop the full flexural
BEAM strength of the composite section.

GIRDER A horizontal member in a seismic frame

HIGH-CYCLE Failure resulting from more than 20000

FATIGUE application of cyclic stress.

A fabricated steel beam composed of

HYBRID BEAM flanges with a- greater yield strength
than that of the web. Whenever the
maximum flange stress is less than or
equal to the web yield stress, the girder is
considered “homogeneous”.