GAS MIXTURE PROBLEMS

1. Determine the mole fractions of a gas mixture that consists of 75 percent CH4 and 25 percent
CO2 by mass. Also, determine the gas constant of the mixture.
2. A gas mixture consists of 6 kmol of H2 and 2 kmol of N2. Determine the mass of each gas and
the apparent gas constant of the mixture. Answers: 12 kg, 56 kg, 0.978 kJ/kg.K
3. The composition of moist air is given on a molar basis to be 78 percent N2, 20 percent O2, and 2
percent water vapor. Determine the mass fractions of the constituents of air.
4. A gas mixture has the following composition on a mole basis: 60 percent N2 and 40 percent
CO2. Determine the gravimetric analysis of the mixture, its molar mass, and gas constant.
5. A gas mixture consists of 2 kg of O2, 5 kg of N2, and 7 kg of CO2. Determine (a) the mass fraction
of each component, (b) the mole fraction of each component, and (c) the average molar mass
and gas constant of the mixture.
6. Atmospheric contaminants are often measured in parts per million (by volume). What would the
partial pressure of refrigerant-134a be in atmospheric air at 100 kPa and 20C to form a 100-ppm
contaminant?
7. A mixture of gases consists of 30 percent hydrogen, 40 percent helium, and 30 percent nitrogen
by volume. Calculate the mass fractions and apparent molecular weight of this mixture.
8. A gas mixture at 600 R and 20 psia consists of 1 lbm of CO2 and 3 lbm of CH4. Determine the
partial pressure of each gas and the apparent molar mass of the gas mixture.
9. A gas mixture at 350 K and 300 kPa has the following volumetric analysis: 65 percent N2, 20
percent O2, and 15 percent CO2. Determine the mass fraction and partial pressure of each gas.
10. In an ideal gas mixture the partial pressures of the component gases are as follows:
CO2, 20 kPa; O2, 30 kPa; and N2, 50 kPa. Determine the mole fractions and mass fractions of
each component. Calculate the apparent molar mass, the apparent gas constant, the constant-
volume specific heat, and the specific heat ratio at 300 K for the mixture.
11. A mixture of gases consists of 0.4 kg of oxygen, 0.7 kg of carbon dioxide, and 0.2 kg of helium.
This mixture is maintained at 100 kPa and 27C. Determine the apparent molecular weight of this
mixture, the volume it occupies, the partial volume of the oxygen, and the partial pressure of
the helium. Answers: 16.6 kg/kmol, 1.96 m3, 0.312 m3, 63.8 kPa
12. A mixture of hydrocarbon gases is composed of 60 percent methane, 25 percent propane, and
15 percent butane by weight. Determine the volume occupied by 100 kg of this mixture when its
pressure is 3 MPa and its temperature is 378C.
13. A rigid tank contains 8 kmol of O2 and 10 kmol of CO2 gases at 290 K and 150 kPa. Estimate the
volume of the tank. Answer: 289 m3
14. A rigid tank that contains 2 kg of N2 at 25C and 550 kPa is connected to another rigid tank that
contains 4 kg of O2 at 25C and 150 kPa. The valve connecting the two tanks is opened, and the
two gases are allowed to mix. If the final mixture temperature is 25C, determine the volume of
each tank and the final mixture pressure. Answers: 0.322 m3, 2.07 m3, 204 kPa
15. A mixture is 35 percent by volume liquid water, whose density is 62.4 lbm/ft3, that is mixed with
another fluid, whose density is 50.0 lbm/ft3. What is the specific weight, in lbf/ft3, of this
mixture at a location where g = 31.9 ft/s2? Answer: 53.9 lbf/ft3
16. A mixture of air and methane is formed in the inlet manifold of a natural gas-fueled internal
combustion engine. The mole fraction of the methane is 15 percent. This engine is operated at
3000 rpm and has a 5-L displacement. Determine the mass flow rate of this mixture in the
manifold where the pressure and temperature are 80 kPa and 20C. Answer: 6.65 kg/min
17. A mixture of helium and nitrogen with a nitrogen mass fraction of 35 percent is contained in a
piston–cylinder device arranged to maintain a fixed pressure of 100 psia. Determine the work
produced, in Btu/lbm, as this device is heated from 100F to 500F. Answer: 139 Btu/lbm
18. A rigid tank contains 1 lbmol of argon gas at 400 R and 750 psia. A valve is now opened, and 3
lbmol of N2 gas is allowed to enter the tank at 340 R and 1200 psia. The final mixture
temperature is 360 R. Determine the pressure of the mixture, using the ideal-gas equation of
state. Answer: 2472 psia
19. The mass fractions of a mixture of gases are 15 percent nitrogen, 5 percent helium, 60 percent
methane, and 20 percent ethane. This mixture is enclosed in a 4 m3 rigid, well-insulated vessel
at 150 kPa and 30C. A paddle wheel in the vessel is turned until 200 kJ of work have been done
on the mixture. Calculate the mixture’s final pressure and temperature. Answers: 335 K, 166
kPa
20. An insulated tank that contains 1 kg of O2 at 15C and 300 kPa is connected to a 2-m3
uninsulated tank that contains N2 at 50C and 500 kPa. The valve connecting the two tanks is
opened, and the two gases form a homogeneous mixture at 25C. Determine (a) the final
pressure in the tank, (b) the heat transfer, and (c) the entropy generated during this process.
Assume T0 = 25C. Answers: (a) 444.6 kPa, (b) 187.2 kJ, (c) 0.962 kJ/K
21. A piston–cylinder device contains 6 kg of H2 and 21 kg of N2 at 160 K and 5 MPa. Heat is now
transferred to the device, and the mixture expands at constant pressure until the temperature
rises to 200 K. Determine the heat transfer during this process by treating the mixture (a) as an
ideal gas and (b) as a nonideal gas and using Amagat’s law. Answers: (a) 4273 kJ, (b) 4745 Kj

MCQ TYPE
1. An ideal-gas mixture whose apparent molar mass is 20 kg/kmol consists of N2 and three other
gases. If the mole fraction of nitrogen is 0.55, its mass fraction is
(a) 0.15 (b) 0.23 (c) 0.39 (d) 0.55 (e) 0.77
2. An ideal-gas mixture consists of 2 kmol of N2 and 6 kmol of CO2. The mass fraction of CO2 in the
mixture is
(a) 0.175 (b) 0.250 (c) 0.500 (d) 0.750 (e) 0.875
3. An ideal-gas mixture consists of 2 kmol of N2 and 4 kmol of CO2. The apparent gas constant of
the mixture is
(a) 0.215 (b) 0.225 (c) 0.243 (d) 0.875 (e) 1.24
4. A rigid tank is divided into two compartments by a partition. One compartment contains 3 kmol
of N2 at 400 kPa and the other compartment contains 7 kmol of CO2 at 200 kPa. Now the partition
is removed, and the two gases form a homogeneous mixture at 250 kPa. The partial pressure of
N2 in the mixture is
(a) 75 kPa (b) 90 kPa (c) 125 kPa (d) 175 kPa (e) 250 kPa
5. An 80-L rigid tank contains an ideal-gas mixture of 5 g of N2 and 5 g of CO2 at a specified pressure
and temperature. If N2 were separated from the mixture and stored at mixture temperature and
pressure, its volume would be
(a) 32 L (b) 36 L (c) 40 L (d) 49 L (e) 80 L
6. An ideal-gas mixture consists of 3 kg of Ar and 6 kg of CO2 gases. The mixture is now heated at
constant volume from 250 K to 350 K. The amount of heat transfer is
(a) 374 kJ (b) 436 kJ (c) 488 kJ (d) 525 kJ (e) 664 kJ
7. An ideal-gas mixture consists of 60 percent helium and 40 percent argon gases by mass. The
mixture is now expanded isentropically in a turbine from 4008C and 1.2 MPa to a pressure of 200
kPa. The mixture temperature at turbine exit is
(a) 568C (b) 1958C (c) 1308C (d) 1128C (e) 4008C
8. One compartment of an insulated rigid tank contains 2 kmol of CO2 at 208C and 150 kPa while
the other compartment contains 5 kmol of H2 gas at 358C and 300 kPa. Now the partition
between the two gases is removed, and the two gases form a homogeneous ideal-gas mixture.
The temperature of the mixture is
(a) 258C (b) 298C (c) 228C (d) 328C (e) 348C
9. A piston–cylinder device contains an ideal-gas mixture of 3 kmol of He gas and 7 kmol of Ar gas at
508C and 400 kPa. Now the gas expands at constant pressure until its volume doubles. The
amount of heat transfer to the gas mixture is
(a) 6.2 MJ (b) 4.2 MJ (c) 27 MJ (d) 10 MJ (e) 67 MJ
10. An ideal-gas mixture of helium and argon gases with identical mass fractions enters a turbine at
1500 K and 1 MPa at a rate of 0.12 kg/s, and expands isentropically to 100 kPa. The power output
of the turbine is
(a) 253 kW (b) 310 kW (c) 341 kW (d) 463 kW (e) 550 kW