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RAPID P0022 0058 CON MST 0001 0001

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METHOD OF STATEMENT FOR TRANSFORMER TESTING & PRE-COMMSSIONING

OWNER Approval:
Name:
Date (DD-MMM-YY):

Signature:

Document Class: Z

MUHAMMAD PETRO
0 11-SEP-17 IFE – Issued For IMPLEMENTATION LUM TUCK KUEN
LUTFI ALEXANDER
MUHAMMAD PETRO
A 16-AUG-17 IFR – Issued For Review LUM TUCK KUEN
LUTFI ALEXANDER
DATE WRITTEN BY CHECKED BY APPROVED BY
REV. STATUS – REVISION MEMO
DD-MMM-YY (name & signature) (name & signature) (name & signature)

Sections changed in last revision are identified by a vertical line in the right margin.

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HOLD’s

HOLD No. REF. DESCRIPTION ACTIONS

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METHOD OF STATEMENT FOR TRANSFORMER

Chapter Table of content Page

1 SCOPE 4

2 PURPOSE 4

3 PRE-REQUISITES 4

4 REQUIREMENT OF TESTING KITS 4

5 REQUIREMENT OF TESTING INSTRUMENTS 4

6 HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS 5

7 TESTS TO BE CONDUCTED 5

8 TRANSFORMER OIL FILTERATION 10

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1 SCOPE
This procedure covers the Pre commissioning Test for Transformers.

2 PURPOSE
This procedure is prepared to carry out various pre- commissioning tests to be conducted in
systematic manner for Transformers to ensure the healthiness and performance of the equipment.

3 PRE-REQUISITES

3.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

1. Relevant Drawings and layouts.
2. 415 V AC, 3 Ph power supply is available for Testing.
3. All Cables pertaining to Transformers were laid & terminated.
4. Make sure that the equipment erected is as per approved drawings & Layouts.
5. Check the Name Plate & Rating Plate of the equipment Erected.

4 REQUIREMENT OF TESTING KITS

SL.NO TESTING KIT RANGE

1 Primary injection test kit with test leads 0 – 2000A

2 Transformer winding resistance kit with test leads 0 – 100milliohm
3 Transformer Turns ratio kit with test leads 0 – 2000 turns

5 REQUIREMENT OF TESTING INSTRUMENTS

1. Digital Multi meter.
2. 500 V, 5000 V Insulation Tester
3. Polarity Tester.
4. Clamp Meters (200mA – 2000A)
5. 3 Ph- A.C Supply Extension Board with MCB Protection.

6 HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS

1. Unauthorized persons should not be allowed to enter Testing Area.
2. Barricade the testing Area with warning Tape
3. There should not be any temporary (hooking of supply) arrangement for Testing. Proper
A.C Supply extension board should be used

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4. Ensure protection MCB is provided in the circuit of AC supply used for testing
5. Ensure Proper Tools & Tackles are Available for carrying out Tests.
6. Ensure Proper PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) are used
7. Ensure the Healthiness of the test leads (Check for any insulation Damages).
8. Competent Authority to maintain shutdown & Work permit system in existing Live Bay
works.
9. Any conducting element should be carried horizontally at waist level in the area used for
pre commissioning tests.

7 TESTS TO BE CONDUCTED
1. Polarization Index Test (Insulation Resistance measurement Test).
2. Magnetic Balance Test.
3. Winding Resistance Test.
4. Turns ratio test
5. Vector Group Test.
6. Magnetizing Current Test.

7.1 POLARIZATION INDEX TEST

Aim:
To find out the value of the resistance and ensure that the insulation resistance value is within the
acceptable limit.

Equipment’s required:
1. Insulation Tester
2. Test Leads
Test Procedure:
The polarization Index is nothing but the ratio of the insulation resistance measured at 10 minutes
to the 1 minute. The above test is to be conducted at the following points.
1. Windings of the transformer to earth.
2. Between HV and LV winding.
Windings to earth:
1. Connect the line terminal of the Megger to winding of the transformer.

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2. Connect the earth terminal of the Megger to the earth.

3. Switch on the insulation tester.
4. Take down the readings (It should be > 20Mᾨ)
Between Windings:
1. Connect the line terminal of the Megger to one winding of the transformer.
2. Connect the earth terminal of the Megger to the other winding of the transformer.
3. Switch on the insulation tester.
4. Take down the readings (It should be > 20Mᾨ)
Injection Voltage:
NO BETWEEN RANGE
1 Primary – Earth for 11 KV 5000 V
2 Primary – Earth for 3.3 KV 2500 V
3 Primary – Earth for 415 V 500 V
4 Primary – Secondary for 11 KV 5000 V
5 Primary – Secondary for 3.3 KV 2500 V
6 Primary – Secondary for 415 V 500 V
7 Secondary – Earth 500 V

7.2 MAGNETIC BALANCE TEST

Aim:
To ensure that the transformer is balanced magnetically so that there is no net flow unbalance
current under normal operation
Equipment Required:
1. Multi-meter
2. Test Leads

Test Procedure:
1. Keep tap in normal position.
2. Apply A.C supply across one phase of the windings.
3. Measure the voltage on the other two phases of the windings.
4. Measure the voltage on the voltage induced on the other windings.

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7.3 WINDING RESISTANCE TEST

Aim:
To find the value of the winding resistance and ensure that the values are similar to the factory
test reports.
Equipment’s required:
1. Transformer winding resistance meter.
2. Test leads.
Test Procedure:
1. Connect the kit across the one phase of the HV windings. Measure the resistance.
2. Then connect the kit across the other phase of HV windings. Measure the resistance.
3. Repeat the test for all taps provided in the transformer.
4. Connect the Kit across one Phase of the IV Windings. (only for autotransformer)
5. Connect the kit across the other phases of the IV windings.
6. Repeat the Test for LV Windings also. (Compare with the test results with factory test
report)

7.4 RATIO TEST

Aim:
To calculate the value of the turn’s ratio and compare it with the factory test report and ensure the
correctness of the values obtained.
Equipment Required:
1. Transformer turns ratio meter
2. Test leads
Test Procedure:
1. Connect the ratio kit across the HV and LV winding of the transformer at first tap.
2. Measure the turn’s ratio obtained.
3. Repeat the test at all taps.
4. Compare the results obtained with actual ratios. (Calculated ratio error < 1%)

7.5 VECTOR GROUP TEST

Aim:

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To ensure that the windings in the transformer are of same vector group as that mentioned in the
name plate.
Equipment’s required:
1. Multi-meter
2. Test Leads
Test Procedure:
This test is to confirm the Vector group of the transformer. This more crucial in sub-station where
transformers are paralleled together.

7.6 MAGNETIZING CURRENT TEST

Aim:
To calculate the values of the magnetizing current flow in each phase and compare the value with
the factory results.
Equipment’s required:
1. Multi-meter
2. Test Leads
Test Procedure:
1. Apply single phase voltage across one phase of the HV winding. Take down Magnetizing
current.

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2. Repeat the test for other phases of the HV windings & other (IV & LV) windings of the
transformers.
3. The readings to be similar for all the phases of the windings.

8 TRANSFORMER OIL FILTERATION

Aim:
To improve the quality of the transformer oil by determining the BDV and PPM values of the
transformer oil.

Equipment’s required:
1. Transformer oil filter machine
2. Power supply DG set
3. BDV and PPM kit
4. Inlet and Outlet Oil hose

8.1 OIL FILTRATION PROCEDURE

1. Connect the Inlet to oil drum and Outlet Oil hose to the transformer
2. Connect the power supply to the filter machine
3. Switch ON the filter machine
4. Top up the oil up to the ¾ level of the conservator
5. Connect the oil inlet hose to the outlet of transformer
6. Connect the oil outlet to the inlet of the transformer
7. Start the oil filtration and Switch ON the heaters
8. Do the oil circulation still achieving the BDV and PPM values
9. After achieving the BDV and PPM values do the cooling oil circulation

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8.2 BREAK DOWN VOLTAGE (BDV)

1. Dielectric strength of transformer oil is also known as Break down voltage of Transformer

oil or BDV of transformer oil. Break down voltage is measured by observing at what
voltage, sparking straits between two electrodes emerged in the oil, separated by specific
gap.
2. Two standard-compliant test electrodes with a typical clearance of 2.5 mm are surrounded
by the dielectric oil. A test voltage is applied to the electrodes and is continuously
increased up to the breakdown voltage to a constant value.
3. Higher the moisture in the oil, lower will be the BDV for transformer oil. BDV of 50 kV and
above is considered good for operation while 60kV and above means the oil is in excellent
condition (when gap between terminals during BDV test is 2.5 mm).

8.3 MOISTURE CONTENT (PPM)

1. The PPM level of the oil should be below 10. Excessive moisture significantly reduces not
only the dielectric strength, but also the partial discharge inception level.
2. Moisture also effects the generation of gas bubbles at high temperatures, which creates a
significant threat to the dielectric integrity of the insulation structure.

8.4 ACIDITY TEST

1. In insulating oil in the transformer may occasionally come into contact with air. It may be
during opening any blanking or due to leakage in the oil tanks or in associated pipe lines.
Because of that the oxidation reaction in the transformer oil takes place, which further be
accelerated due to temperature and presence of catalysts like iron, copper and dissolved
metallic compounds in the transformer oil.
2. Increased acidity of the oil causes decrease in resistivity of the oil. It also increases the
dissipation factor of the oil. Excessive oxidation accelerates the slug formation rates in the
oil

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3. It may also cause abnormal deterioration of paper used for insulation in the transformer
windings.

8.5 DISOLVED GAS ANALYSIS

1. Whenever Transformer goes under abnormal thermal and electrical stresses, certain gases
are produced due to decomposition of transformer insulating oil, when the fault is major,
the production of decomposed gases are more and they get collected in Buchholz relay .
2. But when abnormal thermal and electrical stresses are not significantly high the gasses due
to decomposition of transformer insulating oil will get enough time to dissolve in the oil.
Hence by only monitoring the Buchholz relay it is not possible to predict the condition of
the total internal healthiness of electrical power transformer.
3. That is why it becomes necessary to analyse the quantity of different gasses dissolved in
transformer oil in service. From dissolved gas analysis of transformer oil or DGA
transformer oil, one can predict the actual condition of internal health of a transformer.
4. It is preferable to conduct the DGA test of transformer oil in routine manner to get prior
information about the trend of deterioration of transformer health and life.
5. Actually in dissolved gas analysis of transformer oil or DGA of transformer oil test, the gases in
oil are extracted from oil and analyse the quantity of gasses in a specific amount of oil.
6. By observing percentages of different gasses present in the oil, one can predict the internal
condition of transformer. Generally the gasses found in the oil in service are hydrogen (H2),
methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), acetylene (C2H3), carbon monoxide (CO),
carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2).

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