Lesson 13: Solves real life problems involving GCF and LCM of 2-3 given numbers.

Week 5
Objective: Solves real life problems involving GCF and LCM of 2-3 given numbers.

Value Focus: Helpfulness and thriftiness

Prerequisite Concepts and Skills:

 Mastery of the basic multiplication facts
 Writing a number as a product of its prime factor.
 Finding common factors and Greatest Factor of 2 -3 given numbers
 Finding multiples and Least Common Multiple of 2-3 given numbers
Materials: cards with numbers pairs for the drill activity, problem written on the chart.
References: Mathematics Teacher’s Guide 4,
Code: M5NS-Ie-71.2,
XL Excelling in Mathematics 5
New High School Mathematics Elementary Algebra Chapter 2 page 71-74. (In LM)
http://www.k5learning.com/sites/all/files/GCF-and-LCM-word-problems-2RGr5.pdf
http://www.summit.k12.co.us/cms/lib04/CO01001195/Centricity/Domain/445/GCF
%20and%20LCM%20WORD%20PROBLEMS.pdf (in LM)

Instructional Procedure:
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Drill
Have a drill on:
 Finding common factors and Greatest Common Factor of two to three given
numbers
 Finding common multiples and Least Common Multiple of 2 -3 given
numbers
You can use the following exercises
Find the common factors and GCF of the following number pairs

15, 20 and 30 12, 16 and 48 120 and 100 42 and 105 120, 75, and 150

Answers: (5,4, 20, 21, 15)

Find the common multiples and LCM of the following numbers.
2
12 and 15 27 and 48 16 and 9 6, 12 and 32 14, 21 and 28
28
Answers: (60, 432, 144, 96, 84)

2. Review
Conduct a review on how to express a number as a product of its prime
factors. Provide examples example for this.

3. Motivation
Present a picture of a boy helping her mother in a flower shop. Ask the pupils
to tell something about the picture. Elicit the value of helpfulness.

B. Developmental Activities
1. Presentation
Present each problem to the class.

Elmer wants to cut as many pieces of wood of equal lengths from three pieces
with lengths 35dm, 49dm, and 56 dm. What is the longest that he could cut each
piece? (Answer: 7dm)

Have the pupils read the problem. Then ask: What is Mang Dencio planning to
do?

Two lights blink at the same time at 6:00 am. One light blinks every 15 minutes.
The other blink every 12 minutes. At what time will both lights blink together
again?

(Answer: 60 minutes or 1 hour)

Have the pupils read the problem. How will you solve for the answer to each
problem.
 2. Performing the Activities
Group the pupils into six working teams and have them perform the task.
Problem A.
Solution 1: Finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) by listing the factors of
28 and 14

The factors of 28 are 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 28

The factors of 14 are 1, 2, 7, and 14
Common Factors: 1, 2, 7, and 14
Greatest Common Factor: 14
Solution 2: Finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of 28 and 14 by
prime factorization.
28 = 2x2x7
14 = 2x7
GCF = 14

3. Solution 3: Finding the GCF of 28 and 14 by continuous division

2 14 28

2 7 14

7 1 2

GCF: 2X7 = 14

Problem B
Solution 1: Finding the Least Common Multiple (LCM) by listing some multiples of 24 and 36

Multiples of 24: 24, 48, 72, 96,….

Multiples of 36: 36, 72, 108, 216,….
Common Multiples of 24 and 36: 72

Least Common Multiple (LCM): 72

Solution 2: Finding the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 5 and 6 by prime factorization

24 = 2x2x2x3
36 = 2x2x3x3
LCM: 2X2X2X3X3 = 72

Solution 3: Finding the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 24 and 36

6 24 36

2 4 6

2 2 3

LCM = 6X2X2X3 = 72

3. Processing the Activities

 We used the 4 step plan in solving problem involving GCF and LCM of two to three
numbers: Understand, Plan, Solve, and check and look back.
 We solved for the answer by listing method, prime factorization, and continuous
division.

4. Reinforcing the Concept and Skill

Discuss the presentation. On page ____of LM Math Grade V,
Have the pupils solve the following problems.

1. There are 48 cups of mango juice and 72 cups of orange juice to be arranged in equal
rows. Each row should have only one kind of juice. What is the greatest number of cups
that can be in one row? (answer: 8 cups)
2. Justine a, security guard, has 3 successive night duties a week. His wife who is a nurse
has 2 successive night duties. When will they see again if they are together now?
(Answer: 6)
 Ask the pupils to solve the problems under Get Moving on page ____ LM Math Grade
V. Check their Answer. For mastery, have them solve the problems under Keep Moving
on Page_____of LM Math Grade V. Check the pupil’s answer.

5. Summarizing the Lesson

Summarize the lesson by asking: How do we solve problem solving GCF and LCM of
two or three given numbers?

 We use the 4 – step plan in solving problems involving GCF and LCM of two to three
given numbers. Understand, Plan, Solve, and Check and Look Back.
 We solve for the answer by listing method, prime factorization, and continuous division.

6. Applying to New and Other Situations

Have the pupils do the exercises under Apply your Skills on page 99 LM Math Grade
V. Encourage some pupils to show and discuss the answers.

C. Assessment

Read and solve each problem. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Mrs.Dela Cueva’s class is composed of 20 boys and 30 girls. If she is going to make
groups of boys and groups of girls for the activities. What is the biggest number of
children in the group if they are of the same number? (answer: 5 in each group)

2. Brenda always drinks milk with 150 calories, while Andrea always drink another brand of
milk with 100 calories. What is the least number of glasses they could drink every day to
make sure that they get the same amount of calories from milk daily?
(Answer: 2 glasses of milk for Brenda and 3 glasses of milk to Andrea)
150 = 150, 300
100 = 100, 200, 300
D. Home Activity
Remediation
Provide more practice on finding the GCF and LCM of two numbers. Then, give
problems similar to those given in the lesson.

Enrichment
Read and solve each problem. Write the answer in your notebook.
1. Sharon has 15 oranges, 9 peaches and 18 pears. She wants to put all of the fruit into
baskets with each basket having the same number of pieces of fruit in it. Without mixing
the fruit, what is the greatest number of pieces of fruit Sharon can put in each basket?
(Answer: 3 pieces)

2. Cups are sold 5 to a package and plates are sold 10 to a package. If you want to have
the same number of each item for a party, what is the least number of packages of
each you need to buy?
(Answer: 20)