FORMULAE, STOICHIOMETRY AND THE MOLE CONCEPT

PAPER 1
Each question below is provided with four answers. Encircle the correct answer and write A, B, C or
D.

1. When 0.002 mol of a metal X was reacted with an excess of dilute acid, 48 cm 3 of hydrogen was
given off measured at room temperature and pressure. Which one of the following is the correct
equation for the reaction?
A 2X + 6H+ 2X3 + 3H2 C X + 2Fr —> X' + 2H
B 2X + 2F1* —> 2X' + H2 D X + 2H+ —> X2+ + F12
2. When one mole of each of the following is completely burned in oxygen, which gives the largest
mass of carbon dioxide?
A Carbon monoxide C Ethane
B Diamond D Graphite
3. Silver oxide decomposes when heated to give silver and oxygen. If 0-2 mol of silver nitrate, AgNO 3,
is heated strongly to constant mass, what is the mass of the residue?
A 34.0g B 21-6g C 17.0g D 12.4g
4. A compound X contains 50% sulphur and 50% oxygen by mass. What is the empirical (simplest)
formula of compound X?
A SO $ SO2 C SO3 D SO,
5. 12.0 g of anhydrous magnesium sulphate combines with 12-6 g of water to form hydrated
magnesium sulphate. What is the formula of the hydrated magnesium sulphate?
MgSO4•9H20 C MgSO4.5H20
MgSO4•7H20 D MgSO4•3H20
6. 0.1 mol XSO4 combines with 5.4 g of water to form the hydrate XSO 4•nH20. What is the value of n?
Al B 2, C3 D4

7. The relative atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5. What is the mass of 2 mol of chlorine gas?
A 142 g B 71 g C 35.5 g D 18.75 g
8. When 0-1 g of magnesium is treated with an excess of hydrochloric acid, what volume of gas at
room temperature and pressure will be produced?
A 10 cm' B 24 cm' C 48 cm' D 100 cm'
10. The empirical formula of a liquid compound is known to be C 2H40. What other information is
needed to work out its molecular formula?
A The percentage composition of the compound.
B The relative molecular mass of the compound.
C The density of the compound.
D The volume occupied by one mole of the compound.
11. If four moles of sulphur dioxide are oxidised to sulphur trioxide, how many moles of oxygen
molecules are required?
A 0.5 B .1-0 C 1.5 D 2.0
12. When sugar (M, = 342) is fermented using yeast, the reaction below takes place.
Ci2H22011 + H20 —> 4C2H5OH + 4CO2

What volume of carbon dioxide, at r.t.p., would be produced by the complete fermentation of 1 kg
(1000 g) of sugar)?
342x 4 x 24 1000x 4 x 24
A dm' dm'
1000 342
B 342 x 24 1000 x 24
dm3dm'
1000x 4 342x 4
13. An oxide of titanium contains 60% by mass of titanium (Ti). What is the empirical formula for this
oxide?
A TiO B TiO2 C Ti20 D Ti203
14. A solution containing one mole of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution containing one mole
of iron(III) sulphate. The equation for this reaction is shown below.
Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH —> 2Fe(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4 What is the number of moles of iron(III) hydroxide
precipitated?
15. Deuterium can be represented by the symbol D. D. What is the mass of one mole of D 20? A 10g
B 12g C 18g D 20g
16. How many moles of oxygen, 02, are needed for the complete combustion of two moles of
butane, C4H10?
A2B8 C 10
D 13
17. What is the concentration of iodine molecules in a solution containing 2.54e of iodine in 250 cm'
of solution?
A 0.01 mol/dm3 C 0.04 mol/dm3
B 0.02 mol/dm3 D 0.08 mol/dm3
18. What is the maximum mass of aluminium which can be obtained from 204 gof aluminium oxide,
Al203?
A 26 g B 27g C 51g d 108g
19. What is the mass of one mole of iodine molecules?
3....
A 53 g B 74 g C 106 g D 254 g
20. Which element forms an oxide of formula X 203 and another oxide of formula X0?
A Aluminium 41e Calcium C Iron (4)( Sodium
21. The main ore of zinc is zinc blende, ZnS (M r = 97). When this ore is heated in air, the reaction is
represented by the following equation.
2ZnS + 302 --> 2ZnO + 2S02
What volume of oxygen at room temperature and pressure would be needed to react completely
with 194 g of ZnS?
A 3 3dm3 B 3 x 24 3dm3 C 3 x 24 dm' D 3 x 32 dm'
2
22. A metal X forms a sulphate of formula X2(SO4)3. What is the formula of the nitrate of X? A XNO3
B X(NO3)2 NC X(NO3)3 D X2NO3
23. The diagram shows the electron arrangement in a molecule of compound YZ 2. Which elements
could be Y and Z?

Vitamin C has the following structural formula. What is the empirical formula of
vitamin C?
A C61-1,0,
C51-1805
C C4HSO4
C3H40,
The equation for the burning of hydrogen is:
2H2(g) + 02(g) —> 21-120(g)
One mole of hydrogen gas is mixed with one mole of oxygen gas and burnt. What will be present
after the reaction?
A I mol of steam only
B 1 mol of steam + 0-5 mol of oxygen gas
C 1 mol of steam + 0.5 mol of hydrogen gas
D 2 mol of steam only
Quicklime (calcium oxide) is manufactured by heating limestone (calcium carbonate) as shown by
the following equation.

CaCO3 —> CaO + CO2

What mass of quicklime can be produced by heating one tonne of limestone?

27. Two different hydrocarbons each contain the same percentage by mass of hydrogen. It follows
that they have the same
empirical formula. C number of isomers.

B number of atoms in a molecule. D relative molecular mass.

28. Which of the following has the same M as magnesium silicate, MgSiO 3?.
A Al203 n B CaCO C CaSO3 D K2CO3
29. Sodium hydrogencarbonate decomposes on heating:
2NaHCO, —> Na2CO3 + H20 + CO2
In an experiment, a 5 mol sample of sodium hydrogencarbonate was heated.
What volume of carbon dioxide, measured at room temperature and pressure, would be evolved?
30. A compound contains 75% carbon and 25% hydrogen, by mass. What is the molecular formula of
the compound?
A CH3 B CH4 C C2H4 D C2H6
31. The apparatus shown in the diagram was set up. The 80 cm' of air were passed over the heated
copper in the tube until there was no further decrease in volume.

On cooling to room temperature, what volume of gas remained?

A 16 cm' B 24 cm' C 32 cm' D 64 cm'
32. How many moles of hydrogen atoms does 3.2 g of methane, CH 4, contain?
A 0-02 B 0-2 C 0-4 D 0.8

33. Which of the following gases has the lowest density at r.t.p
A CO B N2 C Ne D NH3
34. A 240 g sample of hydrated sodium sulphide contains 162g of water of crystallisation. What is
the correct molecular formula of this compound?
A Na2S.3H2O B Na,S.5H20 C Na2S 7H20 220
35. A compound P is the only substance formed when two volumes of ammonia gas react with one
volume of carbon dioxide (both volume being measured at r.t.p.). What is the most likely formula of
P?
A (NH4)2CO3 NH2CO2NH4 C (NH2)2CO D NH4CO2NH4
51) On complete combustion, 4-0 g of a hydrocarbon gives 11.0 g of carbon dioxide and 9.0 g of
water. What is the formula of the hydrocarbon?
1,1114 B C2H4 C C2H6 D C3H8

A 24 dm' B 36 dm' C 48 dm' D 60 dm'

37. What volume of sulphur dioxide (at r.t.p.) is given off on heating 9.7 g of zinc sulphide, ZnS?
(N94 P1 9)
o -12ZnS + 302 2ZnO + 2S02
A 1.2 dm" B 2.4 dm' C 3.6 dm' D 4.8 dm' ( )
0.-1"( • 40,.^.‘-'-
38. A gaseous element X is diatomic. One volume of the element combines with one volume of
hydrogen to form two volumes of a gaseous hydride. Which is the formula for the hydride ofX?
(J95 P1 9)
A HX B HX2 C H2X D 1-12,1g ( )
39. What is the.ratio of the volume of 2 g of hydrogen to the volume of 16 g of methane, both
volumes at r.t.f)? , ikritZ AAJLIt-'cAA 1,,,,,(4.tp PI 10)
r`

A 1 to 8 B 1 to 2C I to 1 D 2 to 1 ( )
40. What is the formula of nickel(II) hydroxide? (J95 P1 11)
A NiOH B NiOH2
(OH)2 D Ni2OH ( )
41. An NPK fertiliser is made by mixing together one mole of each of three compounds. Which
mixture will contain equal numbers of atoms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium?
(J95 P1 30)

Components
2
Mixtur 1 D -
e A K2S0, Ca3(PO4)2 ty
B NH NO3 Na2I-IPO, KNO3 KNO3
C (NH4)2CO3 K2HPO4 NaNO, K2SO4
D I '32 Ca3(PO4)2
• '-31 /0(NH4)2SO4 ( )
42. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in 0.05 mol),c1m 3 sulphuric acid? (J95 P1 31) A 0.025
g/dm3 B 0-05 g/dm3 C 0.10 g/dm3 D 2.0 g/dm3 ( )
43. Ari element E forms a hydride EH3 which contains 90.0% of E, by mass. What is the relative
atomic mass of E? • (N95 PI 9)c
A 27 B 30 C 87 D 90 (. )
44. Which quantity is the same for one mole of ethanol and one mole of ethane? (N95 PI 10)
A Mass C Number of molecules
B Number of atoms D Volume at r.t.p ( )
45. It is now known that carbon has an allotropic form containing molecules of formula C 60. What is
the mass of one mole of these molecules? (J96 P1 9)

A 12g B 60 g C 360 g D 720 g ( )

46. What has a mass equal to that of one mole of water? (J96 P1 10)

A 24 din' of water

B One mole of steam

C One molecule of water

D Two moles of hydrogen molecules and one mole of oxygen molecules

47. Which sulphide contains the greatest mass of sulphur in a 10 g sample? (J96 P1 11)

Sulphide Formula Mass of one mole/g

A NiS 90
B FeS2 120
C MoS2 160
D PbS 239

A mixt& of 8.0 g of hydrogen with 8.0 g of oxygen is ignited.

2H2 + 02 -> 2H20

What is the mass of water formed? (N96 PI 8)

A 9.0g B 16.0g C 36-0g D 72.0g ( )

49. The emprical formula of a liquid is C21-140. Which other information about the liquid is needed to
work out its molecular formula? (N96 P1 9)

A Boiling point C Relative molecular mass

B Density D Volume occupied by one mole ( )
50. All of the following substances produce carbon dioxide on complete combustion. Which one will
produce 1.0 mol of carbon dioxide? (N96 PI 11)

A 2.0 mol of graphite, C C 1.5 mol of ethene, C2H,

B 1.5 mol of propane, C3H8 D 0.5 mol of ethanol, C2H2OH ( )•
51. Ammopia gas decomposed according to the equation below.
2NH3(g) —> N2(g) + 3H2(g)

Which volume of hydrogen would be formed if 100 cm' ammonia were decomposed?
(measurements at r.t.p.) "2— 7: ci 1 G (J97 PI 10)

A 25 cm' B 75 cm' C 100 cm' D_ 150 cm' ( )