COMPUTER SCIENCE

PROJECT

BUS RESERVATION MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

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 TILAK PUBLIC SCHOOL

NAME : Krishna Tripathi

CLASS : XII

STREAM : SCIENCE S1

SUBJECT : Computer science

REGISTRATION NO. : M219450330016

BOARD ROLL NO. :

TOPIC : Bus reservation management system

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 NERUL, NAVI MUMBAI

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this computer project on 'Bus reservation
management system' has been completed by 'Ms.Krishna
Tripathi' of class XII Science, in partial fulfillment of the
curriculum of the Central Board of Secondary Education leading
to the award of All India Senior School Certificate for the year
2018-19.
Registration No. :M219450330016
Board Roll No:

__________________ _________________
External Examiner Internal Examiner
Date: Date:

__________________ ___________________

SCHOOL SEAL PRINCIPAL

Date:

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled “ Bus ticket

reservation management system” submitted to” Tilak public
school “ for subject computer science under the guidance of
“ Mrs.Amrita Dutta ” is a record of original done by us and
there is no copy or project related to it has been submitted
to any other school or educational institute by us.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my
teacher “ 'Mrs.Amrita' “ as well as our principal
'”Mrs.Prabhavathy Ajith Kumar '” who gave me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
“ Bus reservation management system” .
I would also like to thank my parents and my project
partner -” Harshada & Zainab “ who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited time frame.
Finally, I would like to thank CBSE for giving me an
opportunity to this project and mam for giving me suitable
partner.

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 INDEX

Sr.no Topic Pg.no

1 Hardware and software 7
used
2 Introduction to c++ 9
19
3 Introduction to project
21
4 Flow chart
22
5 File structure
24
6 Coding

7 Output

8 Limitation and
improvements

9 Conclusion

10 Biblography

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 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
USED
HARWARE USED

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SOFTWARE USED

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 INTRODUCTION TO C++
The C++ programming language was developed at AT&T
Bell Laboratories in the early 1980s by Bjarne Stroustrup.
Bjarne Stroutstrup found that 'C' lacking for simulations and
decided to extend the language by adding features from,
SIMULA 67.
SIMULA 67 was one of the earliest OOPs Language and
called it “C with classes”originally.However,the maturation of
the C++ language was attested to by 2 events:

➢the formation of an ANSI

➢the publication of The Annoted C++ Reference Manual
by Ellis and Stroustrup.
The latest C++ standard standards document was issued by
ANSI/ISO in year 2011 nameky C+11 or formally C++0x.
The major reaon behind the success of C++ isthat it suports
the object oriented technology.The most near to the real
world.

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 ➢IMPORTANT FEATURE OF C++

OOPs:
Object oriented progaramming is a superset of object based
programming.It offers all the features of object based
programming and overcomes its limitation by implementing
its features so that real world relations among the objects
can be presented programmatically.

OOP Characteristics:
•Objects
•Classes
•Data Abstraction
•Encapsulation
•Inheritance
•Polymorphism

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11
Objects:
Objects are the basic run-time entities in an object-oriented
programming. They may represents a person, a place, a bank
account, a table of data or any item that the program has
to handle. They may also represents user-defined data such
as vector, time and lists. When the program is executed, the
object interact by sending message to one another.
Classes :
Objects contain data, and code to manipulate that data. The
entire set of data and code of an object can be made a
user-defined data type with the help of class. In fact,
objects are variable of the type class. Once a class has
been defined, we can create a number of objects belonging
to that class. A class is a collection of objects of similar
type.
Ex. Fruit mango;
Data Abstraction: :
Abstractions refer to the act of representing essential
features without including background details or explanation.
They are commonly known as Abstraction Data Type(ADT).

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Encapsulation: :
The wrapping up of data and functions into single unit is
known as encapsulation. Data encapsulation is a striking
feature of a class. The data is not accessible to the outside
world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the
class can access it. These functions provide the interface
between the object's data and the program.

Inheritance :
Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class
acquire the properties of object of another class. The class
whose members are inherited is called the Base class and
the class that inherits those members is called Derived class.
It supports class of hierarchical classification.
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The concept of inheritance provides the ideas of reusability.
This means we can add essential features to an exciting
class without modifying it.

Polymorphism: :
Polymorphism is another OOP concept. Polymorphism means
the ability to take more than one form. An operation may
exhibit different behaviors at different instances. The
instances depend upon the type of data used in the
operation.

Real life example of polymorphism, a person at same time

can have different characteristics.
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DATA FILE HANDLING
FILE: A file is just a bunch of bytes stored on some
storage devices like hard disk, pen drive etc. Some have a
specific structure others don’t. Files are used to save info so
that it can be retrieved later for use.
NEED OF FILE:
If we were restricted to use only the keyboard and screen
as input and output devices, it would be difficult to handle
large amounts of input data, and output data would always
be lost as soon as we turned the computer off. To avoid
these problems, we can store data in some secondary
storage device, usually on hard disks or discs or pen drives.
Data can be created by one program, stored on these
devices, and then accessed or modified by other programs

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when necessary. To achieve this, the data is packaged up
on the storage devices as data structures called files.
TYPES OF FILES:
Generally there are two types of files in C++:

•TEXT FILE: A text file is usually considered as sequence

of lines. Line is a sequence of characters stored on
permanent storage media. Each line is terminated by a
special
character, known as End of Line (EOL).
•Binary Files: Data is stored in binary form or in machine

language. This data is in non-readable form.

Classes or Header Files Essential for Data File Handling:
There are three file I/O classes used for file read / write
operations.
1. ifstream – can be used for read operations.(Open the file
for Input)
2. ofstream – can be used for write operations. (Open the
file for Output)
3. fstream – can be used for both read & write operations.
(Open the file for Input/Output/both)
fstream.h: This header file includes the definitions for the
stream classes ifstream, ofstream and fstream. n.
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FILE MODES:
The file mode describes how a file is to be used: to read
it, to write it, to append it, and so on. File mode is used
with open() of the stream class.

ios::out.
ios::in.
ios::app
ios::cur
ios::beg
ios::end
ios::binary
class default mode parameter
ofstream-ios::out
ifstream-ios::in
fstream -ios::in | ios::out
Steps involved in file handling.

1.Determine the type of link requied

2.Open a file with this object.
fin.open (“names.txt”,ios::app );
3.Create object of the file.

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4.Process as required.
5.Close the opened file using close() function.
fin.close();
Example:

// Simple example to write in a file

#include <fstream>
int main()
{
ofstream file1;
file1.open("names.txt", ios::app);
file1<< ”APJ KALAM”;
return 0;
}

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 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT
The Bus ticket reservation system is currently maintaining
the project Transport Company’s process manually which is a
very time consuming process. It deals with transport
industry’sticket booking and transport maintenance, so it
becomes avery tedious job for the ticket booking transporter
to look after these particulars to complete the task at right
time. The bus ticket booking system not only deals with
transporters owned vehicles but also takes into consideration
about the other types projectof system transport vehicles
available with other transporters .
➔ To develop a software application that supports Specific
to the project Travel Agency Automation that can solve all
tedious tasks related to ticket booking in a travel agency.
➔ This system will lead to increase in the ticket booking
efficiency of the project Stafff and members of the Ticket
Booking Agency with little throughput.This system project is
made as user friendly as possible so that any one can use
it with little knowledge of system computers.
➔ The ticket booking project will reduce the ticket booking
tedious job of system paperwork by keeping all the project
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details of bus ticket booking, cancelling tickets are stored in
the form database in computer’s hard disk.
➔ Up-to-date information of the system Performance status
and other enquires.
➔ We provide up to date information that is not possible
manually.
➔ The objective of my project is to make easy the ticket
bookingproject system of Ticket Booking Agency simple,
reliable, user friendly, and corrective. Moreover lessconsuming
as compared to manual work.

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21
 FILE STRUCTURE

HEADER FILES USED:

✔ iostream.h: for Input and output

✔ conio.h- for getch() and clrscr()
✔ stdio.h- for gets() and puts()
✔ process. h- for exit(0)
✔ fstream.h-for ifstream and ofstream
✔ string.h- for strcpy

CLASS USED:
✔ bus : consists ofvarious data memebers and
member function
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 FUNCTION USED:
✔ main()- program and ens at main.
✔ Admin_mainmenu()-to access main menu of admin
✔ Emp_mainmenu()-to access main menu of employee
✔ Traveller_mainmenu()-to access main menu of traveller
✔ insert detsils()-to insert the required details
✔ display details()-to display the details
✔ modify details()-to change the required details
✔ reservation status()-to check whether the seat is
available or not
✔ allot()-to allot seats
✔ cancel()-to cancel the booking
✔ pass()-enter password for accessing admin login

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 LIMITATIONS AND
IMPROVEMENTS

-No information on the delay of bus to passengers

-Slow response about refunding
-Low quality customer service
-High registration and service charge
-Troll fee is not available for customer enquireso
-They increase the bus ticket fares during festival
time and public hclidays

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 CONCLUSION

>This system is user friendly and accurate

>This system efficient in reservation.
>It has no hidden cost
>It enables customer to check availability of bus
online ,buy bus ticket and pay bus ticket online.
>This makes easier for customer to get bus
ticket online instead of standing up in queue to
buy tickets.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

-www.wikipedia.com
-www.freeprojectz.com
-www.scribd.com
-computersciencearticle.in
-www.tutorialspoint.com
-www.quora.com
-Sumita arora textbook -XI&XII

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